Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms in Chloroplast DNA From Six Species of Eucalyptus

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
DA Steane ◽  
AK West ◽  
BM Potts ◽  
JR Ovenden ◽  
JB Reid
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Taxonomic Distance ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Chloroplast DNA was extracted from six species of Eucalyptus (E. perriniana, E. nitens, E. ovata, E. regnans, E. amygdalina and E. risdonii). Digests with four restriction enzymes (Hind III, Xho I, Nco I and Eco RV) revealed restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) between subgenera, between species and within species. However, no variation in fragment pattern was detected with Sac II or Pst I. The subgenera Monocalyptus and Symphyomyrtus were clearly differentiated by their RFLP patterns where, with the exception of one outlying specimen of E. amygdalina, 45% of all polymorphic fragments were specific to one or other subgenus. While species from different subgenera and series were well differentiated, it was more difficult to differentiate species within series with the low sample sizes used. However, the average net divergence between species increased with increasing taxonomic distance between species, from 0.02% within series and 0.20% between species from different series within subgenera, to 0.99% of nucleotides per nucleotide site for species from different subgenera. Based on Eco RV digests, the eucalypt chloroplast genome was estimated at 143 kb.

scholarly journals Comparison of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms in Chloroplast DNA of Five Leafy Spurge (Euphorbiaspp.) Accessions

Weed Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott J. Nissen ◽  
Robert A. Masters ◽  
Donald J. Lee ◽  
Martha L. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were analyzed to assess genetic variation and relatedness among selections of North American and Eurasian leafy spurge. Leafy spurge accessions from Nebraska, Montana, Russia, Italy, and Austria were evaluated. Total DNA was extracted from young leaves and digested with the restriction endonuclease,EcoRI. CpDNA fragment patterns were determined by Southern blot analysis using mung bean cpDNA probes. Colinearity between the mung bean and leafy spurge chloroplast genomes was indicated by the observation that common fragments were hybridized by adjacent probes. Minimum estimates of chloroplast genome size for the five leafy spurge accessions, which ranged in kilobase size from 130 to 132, were within the size range of most terrestrial plants. Structural collinearity and reasonable estimates of chloroplast genome size provided evidence that the mung bean cpDNA library was suitable for characterizing leafy spurge cpDNA. Seven of the 13 mung bean probes hybridized to polymorphic leafy spurge cpDNA fragments. Based on number of polymorphisms unique to each Eurasian accession, the Austrian accession appeared to be most divergent followed by the Italian and Russian. The North American accessions seem to be most closely related to each other and to the Russian leafy spurge accession.

Phylogenetic relationships of the pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms

Genome ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram G. Nadimpalli ◽  
R. L. Jarret ◽  
Sharad C. Phatak ◽  
Gary Kochert
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Genomic Probes ◽  
Clustering Patterns ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were used to determine phylogenetic relationships in the genus Cajanus using 15 random genomic probes and six restriction enzymes. Twenty-four accessions representing 12 species of four genera (Cajanus, Dunbaria, Eriosema, and Rhynchosia) were examined to determine phylogenetic relationships in the genus Cajanus. Eriosema parviflorum was selected as the out-group. Sufficient RFLP polymorphisms were detected among species to resolve in-group taxa into distinct clusters. Topologies of trees from parsimony and similarity matrix analyses were similar but not identical, and clustering patterns agreed broadly with published phylogenies based on seed protein data and, to a lesser extent, data from cytology and breeding experiments. Accessions of cultivated C. cajan shared more DNA fragments with C. scarabaeoides than with C. cajanifolia. Inconsistencies in taxonomic relationships based on data from morphology, cytology, crossability, and RFLPs are discussed.Key words: pigeonpea, systematics, taxonomy, evolution, germplasm.

Molecular cloning of a bovine ornithine decarboxylase cDNA and its use in the detection of restriction fragment length polymorphisms in Holsteins

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianbo Yao ◽  
David Zadworny ◽  
Urs Kühnlein ◽  
J. Flan Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Ornithine Decarboxylase ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Bovine Liver ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

A cDNA coding for ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) was isolated from a bovine liver cDNA library. The clone (1758 base pairs) consisted of 5′- and 3′-untranslated regions of 185 and 187 nucleotides, respectively, and an open reading frame of 1383 nucleotides encoding an ODC protein (Mr 51 342 daltons) of 461 amino acids. Comparison of the nucleotide and the predicted amino acid of the cDNA with other mammalian ODCs showed a very high degree of homology both at the DNA and protein levels. The bovine ODC mRNA was identified by northern blot to be a single species with a molecular size of 2.35 kilobase pairs. Primer extension analysis indicated that the 5′-untranslated region of the bovine ODC mRNA was 312 nucleotides long. Southern blot analysis of bovine genomic DNA revealed restriction fragment length polymorphisms when cleaved with restriction enzymes PstI, MspI, TaqI, and BglI.Key words: bovine, ornithine decarboxylase, cloning, restriction fragment length polymorphism.

scholarly journals A survey of restriction fragment length polymorphisms in tall fescue and its relatives

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 686-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Xu ◽  
David A. Sleper ◽  
David A. Hoisington
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Genomic Library ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) have several advantages over conventional genetic markers and as a result have received increased attention from plant breeders and geneticists. The objective of this study was to construct a tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) genomic library and to survey RFLPs in tall fescue and its relatives. Using plasmid pUC19 as a vector and Escherichia coli XL1-Blue cells as hosts, the first reported PstI genomic DNA library has been established from hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42) tall fescue. The genomic clones were evaluated using nine genotypes from three species of Festuca and three restriction enzymes (BamHI, EcoRI, and HindIII). One hundred and seventy-four probes gave readable results, of which 21% were repetitive and 79% single-copy. The single-copy probes revealed good polymorphism in tall fescue. Approximately 21% of the probes did not cross hybridize to any of the diploids or tetraploids or both and, therefore, represented genome-specific clones.Key words: tall fescue, genome-specific probes, genomic library, polyploids, genomic relationships

scholarly journals Chloroplast DNA Restriction Fragment Variation among Strawberry (Fragaria spp.) Taxa

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Harrison ◽  
James J. Luby ◽  
Glenn R. Furnier
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Chloroplast Dna ◽  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Phylogenetic Resolution ◽  
Dna Restriction ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Restriction fragment-length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) were used to study phylogenetic relationships among twenty-six Fragaria taxa and two closely related species, Potentilla fruticosa L. and Duchesnea indica (Andrews) Focke. Sixteen restriction enzymes and probes of the entire Nicotiana tabacum L. chloroplast genome revealed a very low level of variation among the Fragaria taxa, limiting phylogenetic resolution. However, Fragaria appears to be more closely related to Potentilla than Duchesnea. The diploid taxa, F. iinumae Makino, F. nilgerrensis Schlect. and F. vesca L. were the most divergent Fragaria taxa and F. iinumae appears to be the most ancestral taxon. Little variation was revealed within the economically important octoploid group of taxa, which gave rise to the cultivated strawberry, and no progenitor taxa to the octoploid group could be identified. The lack of variation in the chloroplast genome suggests that these Fragaria species may be of relatively recent evolutionary origin.

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