Selection and evaluation of root nodule bacteria for Dorycnium spp.

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Davies ◽  
J. G. Howieson ◽  
R. J. Yates ◽  
P. A. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Root Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Pasture Legumes ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Perennial Legumes

Dorycnium spp. are perennial legumes that have the ability to produce a source of forage in low fertility soils under low rainfall conditions. The inoculation of Dorycnium spp. is currently with the commercial Lotus corniculatus inoculant SU343, which until now had not been trialed against a range of alternative inoculants for Dorycnium spp. A glasshouse trial in sterile sand culture was conducted with 3 species of Dorycnium spp. along with 6 important pasture legumes to evaluate nitrogen-fixing performance, and host and rhizobia interactions. Several inoculants were selected from this trial to undergo evaluation under Tasmanian field conditions. The dry matter production of Dorycnium spp. in the glasshouse and field indicated that SU343 is a suitable inoculant for this genus. A Tasmanian isolate (WSM2338) was identified as a complimentary strain for the inoculation of Dorycnium spp., however, negative interactions with important pasture legumes require further investigation.

scholarly journals HERBAGE PRODUCTION OF PASTURE LEGUMES AT THREE SITES IN OTAGO

1975 ◽  
pp. 182-195
Author(s):  
R.B. Allen ◽  
I.R. Mcdonald ◽  
N.A. Cullen
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pasture Legumes ◽  
Matter Production

White clover (Trifolium repens), red clover (T. pratense), subtcrrnnean clover (T. subterraneum) and alsike clover (T. hybridum) were sown singly or in combinations at three sites in Otago. Ryegrass (Lolium perenne) was included in all clover treatments and was also sown alone. Lucerne (Medicago sativa) was sown alone at two sites. Herbage dry matter production was measured over a three-year period. At the high fertility lnvermay site, white and red clovers gave similar total and legume dry matter production and were markedly superior to alsike and subterranean clovers. White and nlsike clovers were most productive at the higher altitude, low fertility Berwick site, and at the dry, medium fertility Dunback site red clover produced the highest yields. Lucerne greatly outyielded all other species in the second and third years at Invermay and in the third year at Dunback.

Effect of calcium, pH and nitrogen on the growth and chemical composition of some tropical and temperate pasture legumes. II.* Chemical composition (calcium, nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, sodium and phosphorus)

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 625 ◽  
Author(s):  
CS Andrew ◽  
AD Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Calcium Treatment ◽  
Pasture Legumes ◽  
Low Calcium ◽  
Matter Production

The chemical composition of tops and roots of nodulated and non-nodulated plants of some tropical and temperate pasture legumes grown in sand culture is reported and discussed in relation to nodulation efficiency and dry matter production, and nutrient interaction. In most species, increasing pH raised the nitrogen concentrations in the tops of nodulated plants; calcium treatment had little effect. Increasing the calcium concentration of the nutrient solution from 0.125 to 2.0 mM markedly increased the calcium~ concentration in the tops of all species, but in the roots to only a minor extent. Concentrations in tops differed between species. Concentrations in the tops of modulated plants were increased as a result of increasing pH, particularly at the low calcium treatment and for those species sensitive to low pH (Glycine wightii, Medicago species). Increasing the calcium concentration lowered the magnesium concentration, but the total cation content was not significantly affected. In the tropical species, phosphorus concentrations in the tops were increased by reducing pH at both calcium treatments; values were higher at the low calcium treatment than at the high calcium treatment. Roots accumulated inore phosphorus than the tops. Differences in the response of the species cannot be directly related to their mineral composition. With respect to nodulation and dry matter production, it is considered that the pH is the dominant factor and operates in the nodule initiation phase and in subsequent nitrogen production. _______________ *Part I, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 27: 611 (1976).

Functional Specificity of the nifA Gene Product within the Group of Root Nodule Bacteria

Microbiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-488
Author(s):  
A. A. Vladimirova ◽  
R. S. Gumenko ◽  
E. S. Akimova ◽  
Al. Kh. Baymiev ◽  
An. Kh. Baymiev
Keyword(s):  
Gene Product ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Functional Specificity ◽  
Root Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Nifa Gene

scholarly journals Quantitative evaluation of acidity tolerance of root nodule bacteria

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Antonio de Oliveira ◽  
Hélio Paracaima de Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Root Nodule ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Root Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Soil Persistence ◽  
Statistical Precision ◽  
Visible Growth ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Growth Scores ◽  
Selection Of

Quantification of acidity tolerance in the laboratory may be the first step in rhizobial strain selection for the Amazon region. The present method evaluated rhizobia in Petri dishes with YMA medium at pH 6.5 (control) and 4.5, using scores of 1.0 (sensitive, "no visible" growth) to 4.0 (tolerant, maximum growth). Growth evaluations were done at 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 day periods. This method permits preliminary selection of root nodule bacteria from Amazonian soils with statistical precision. Among the 31 rhizobia strains initially tested, the INPA strains 048, 078, and 671 presented scores of 4.0 at both pHs after 9 days of growth. Strain analyses using a less rigorous criterion (growth scores higher than 3.0) included in this highly tolerant group the INPA strains 511, 565, 576, 632, 649, and 658, which grew on the most diluted zone (zone 4) after 9 days. Tolerant strains still must be tested for nitrogen fixation effectiveness, competitiveness for nodule sites, and soil persistence before their recommendation as inoculants.

Application of molecular techniques to studies in Rhizobium ecology: a review

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Thies ◽  
E. M. Holmes ◽  
A. Vachot
Keyword(s):  
Root Nodule ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Genomes ◽  
Root Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Signaling ◽  
Field Environment ◽  
Background Population ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Made In

The symbiosis between legumes and their specific root-nodule bacteria, rhizobia, has been employed to improve agricultural productivity for most of the 20th century. During this time, great advances have been made in our knowledge of both plant and bacterial genomes, the biochemistry of the symbiosis, plant and bacterial signaling and the measurement of nitrogen fixation. However, knowledge of the ecology of the bacterial symbiont has lagged behind, largely due to a lack of practical techniques that can be used to monitor and assess the performance of these bacteria in the field. Most techniques developed in the last few decades have relied on somehow ‘marking’ individual strains to allow us to follow their fate in the field environment. Such techniques, while providing knowledge of the success or failure of specific strains in a range of environments, have not allowed insight into the nature of the pre-existing rhizobial populations in these sites, nor the interaction between marked strains and the background population. The advent of molecular techniques has revolutionised the study of Rhizobium ecology by allowing us to follow the flux of a variety of ecotypes within a particular site and to examine how introduced rhizobia interact with a genetically diverse background. In addition, molecular techniques have increased our understanding of how individual strains and populations of root-nodule bacteria respond to changes in the environment and how genetic diversity evolves in field sites over time. This review focuses on recently developed molecular techniques that hold promise for continuing to develop our understanding of Rhizobium ecology and how these can be used to address a range of applied problems to yield new insights into rhizobial life in soil and as legume symbionts.

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