Effects of lincomycin on PSII efficiency, non-photochemical quenching, D1 protein and xanthophyll cycle during photoinhibition and recovery

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Mueh Bachmann ◽  
Volker Ebbert ◽  
William W. Adams III ◽  
Amy S. Verhoeven ◽  
Barry A. Logan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Xanthophyll Cycle ◽  
D1 Protein ◽  
Light Treatment ◽  
High Light ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Psii Efficiency ◽  
High Light Treatment ◽  
Thermal Energy Dissipation

Leaves of Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. (Virginia creeper) were treated with lincomycin (an inhibitor of chloroplast-encoded protein synthesis), subjected to a high-light treatment and allowed to recover in low light. While lincomycin-treated leaves had similar characteristics as controls after a 1 h exposure to high light, total D1 levels in lincomycin-treated leaves were half those in controls at the end of the recovery period. In addition, lincomycin delayed recovery of maximal PSII efficiency of open centers (ratio of variable to maximal chlorophyll fluorescence, F v / F m) and of estimated PSII photochemistry rate upon return to low light subsequent to the high-light treatment. Furthermore, lincomycin treatment slowed the removal of zeaxanthin (Z) and antheraxanthin (A) during recovery in low light, and the level of thermal energy dissipation (non-photochemical fluorescence quenching, NPQ) remained elevated. In lincomycin-treated leaves infiltrated with the uncoupler nigericin immediately after high-light exposure, thermal energy dissipation, sustained with lincomycin alone, declined quickly to control levels. In summary, lincomycin treatment affected not only D1 protein turnover but also xanthophyll-cycle operation and thermal-energy dissipation. The latter effect was apparently a result of the maintenance of a high trans-thylakoid proton gradient. Similar effects were also seen subsequent to short-term exposures to high light in lincomycin-treated Spinacia oleracea L. (spinach) leaves. In contrast, lincomycin treatments under low-light levels did not induce Z formation or NPQ. These results suggest that lincomycin has the potential to lower PSII efficiency (F v / F m) through inhibition of NPQ relaxation and Z + A removal subsequent to high-light exposures.

Photochemistry and xanthophyll cycle-dependent energy dissipation in differently oriented cladodes of Opuntia stricta during the winter

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Barker ◽  
Barry A. Logan ◽  
William W. Adams III ◽  
Barbara Demmig-Adams
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Excitation Energy ◽  
Xanthophyll Cycle ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Psii Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Energy Dissipation ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
Absorption Of Light ◽  
Cycle Dependent

The photosynthetic and energy dissipation responses of four differently oriented photosynthetic surfaces (cladodes) from the cactus Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw. were studied in the field during the winter in Australia. Even under very low PFD (i.e. -2 s-1) all surfaces experienced a dramatic decline in photosystem II (PSII) efficiency during the morning period when temperatures were below freezing. However, light energy absorbed during the warmer afternoon period was more efficiently utilised for photochemistry with less diversion through the thermal energy dissipation pathway. Low temperature presumably reduced the proportion of excitation energy that could be utilised photosynthetically, resulting in a high rate of energy dissipation with a concomitant decline in PSII efficiency. A lag in the diurnal de-acidification of malic acid, and therefore the availability of endogenous CO2, may have also contributed to the low rate of photochemistry during the morning period. We interpret the increase in energy dissipation and decline in PSII efficiency as a controlled response of PSII that is dependent upon the de-epoxidised components of the xanthophyll cycle under conditions when the absorption of light exceeds the capacity of the photosynthetic apparatus to process the excitation energy through photochemistry.

Chilling Temperatures and the Xanthophyll Cycle. A Comparison of Warm-Grown and Overwintering Spinach

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
WW Iii Adams ◽  
A Hoehn ◽  
B Demmig-Adams
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Xanthophyll Cycle ◽  
Photosynthetic Electron Transport ◽  
High Light ◽  
Psii Efficiency ◽  
Area Basis ◽  
Chilling Temperatures ◽  
Final Extent ◽  
High Level ◽  
Spinach Leaves

Photoprotective energy dissipation activity, that was largely associated with the de-epoxidation of the xanthophyll cycle, was examined in spinach leaves grown outside during the winter versus leaves that had developed at moderate temperatures in a glasshouse. On a leaf area basis the rates of photosynthesis were higher in leaves from the field at all temperatures examined, but were similar in both sets of leaves on a chlorophyll basis. The rate at which energy dissipation activity increased upon sudden exposure to high light was similar for the warm-grown leaves and those growing outside. This rate was futhermore similar to that of the rate of antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin formation, and was similar throughout the winter as long as the pre-dawn level of photosystem II (PSII) efficiency was at a normal high level. Whereas energy dissipation activity developed more rapidly at higher temperatures, the final extent of energy dissipation activity was greater at lower temperatures, where the rate of energy utilisation through photosynthetic electron transport was much lower. On colder days leaves collected pre-dawn from plants growing outside exhibited sustained decreases in PSII efficiency, which were associated with sustained decreases in both maximal and minimal levels of fluorescence. Such characteristics suggest that the leaves exposed to high light on colder days during the winter exhibited sustained energy dissipation activity that remained engaged throughout the night. It is likely that the xanthophyll cycle was involved in this response, as the sustained high levels of energy dissipation activity were found to be associated with sustained high levels, and thus the retention of, zeaxanthin and antheraxanthin overnight.

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