Systematic study of the Australian plant bug genus Xasmasoma, gen. nov. (Insecta : Heteroptera : Miridae : Orthotylinae), including host plant and biogeographic analysis, and description of twelve new species

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Cheng ◽  
Gerasimos Cassis
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Western Desert ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Australian Plant ◽  
South West ◽  
Phylogenetic Conservatism ◽  
Molecular Alignments ◽  
Biogeographic Analysis

A new Australian genus of Orthotylini, Xasmasoma, gen. nov. is described, with 12 new included species: X. acuminatus, sp. nov., X. agana, sp. nov., X. carrollae, sp. nov., X. celiae, sp. nov., X. chamelaucieaphila, sp. nov., X. mareeba, sp. nov., X. mimae, sp. nov., X. mungallala, sp. nov., X. nillinghoo, sp. nov., X. schuhi, sp. nov., X. silveirae, sp. nov. and X. woodstocki, sp. nov. These species were analysed phylogenetically using 25 morphology-based characters and molecular alignments (COI, 16S, 18S and 28S; 2096 base pairs), with the genus found to be monophyletic based on molecular, morphological and combined analyses. An analysis of host plant associations demonstrated no pattern of co-divergence and limited phylogenetic conservatism, aside from two subclades with respective Calytrix and Myrtaceae preferences. The biogeographic analysis revealed a south-western (South-west Interzone, Western Desert) area relationship, which is in distinction to the orthotyline genus Naranjakotta. The taxonomic component includes an identification key to species and diagnostic characters are illustrated, with detailed documentation of the male genitalia, and the genus uniquely possesses tile-like texture on the apex of the apophysis of the left paramere, and a single endosomal spicule.

Combined molecular and morphological phylogeny of Myrtlemiris, evolution of endosomal spicules, description of two new species and Neomyrtlemiris, gen. nov. (Insecta : Heteroptera : Miridae : Orthotylinae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Cheng ◽  
Gerasimos Cassis
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Plant Association ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
South West ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Molecular Alignments

The mirid subfamily Orthotylinae is hyperdiverse in Australia but poorly described; this work is part of a series of papers on the documentation of this fauna. Two new species of the Australian endemic plant bug genus Myrtlemiris Cheng, Mututantri & Cassis (Heteroptera: Miridae: Orthotylinae: Orthotylini) are described as new to science: Myrtlemiris kararensis, sp. nov., and M. lochada, sp. nov. The new Australian genus and species Neomyrtlemiris picta gen. nov. et sp. nov. are also described. Myrtlemiris is analysed phylogenetically using 32 morphology-based characters, as well as molecular alignments (COI, 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA; including 1958 base pairs) with the genus found to be monophyletic based on molecular, morphological and combined analyses. Neomyrtlemiris is the sister to Myrtlemiris. Host plant association analysis demonstrated constraints to the myrtaceous tribe Chamelaucieae, with Malleostemon and Calytrix recovered as ancestral host plants. Ancestral state reconstructions were carried out on male genitalic structures, demonstrating the phylogenetic value of endosomal spicules. This work demonstrates that the Orthotylinae are a rich component of Australia’s biodiversity, particularly in the south-west of Western Australia.

Systematic revision of Thaumastocoris Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Thaumastocoridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3121 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANN E. NOACK ◽  
GERASIMOS CASSIS ◽  
HARLEY A. ROSE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Distributional Range ◽  
Diagnostic Key

The genus Thaumastocoris is revised. Nine new species are described (T. busso, T. freomooreae, T. kalaako, T. majeri, T. nadeli, T. ohallorani, T. roy, T. safordi, and T. slateri) and the five previously described species are redescribed. A diagnostic key to species is provided, supported with illustrations of key character systems and maps depicting their distributional range. Host plants are tabulated, and biology and host plant associations are discussed.

scholarly journals The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species

2021 ◽  
Vol 735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien M. Haran
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
Plant Associations

This study reviews the species of the tribe Smicronychini Seidlitz, 1891 found in southern Africa. In total, 18 species are recognized in this region, 12 of them being described as new (Sharpia madibai sp. nov., Afrosmicronyx cycnii sp. nov., A. louwi sp. nov., A. marshalli sp. nov., A. nebulosipennis sp. nov., Smicronyx pseudocoecus sp. nov., S. australis sp. nov., S. drakensbergensis sp. nov., S. gracilipes sp. nov., S. paucisquamis sp. nov., S. san sp. nov., S. similis sp. nov.). The following genera and species are newly reported from this area: Afrosmicronyx Hustache, 1935; Sharpia Tournier, 1873; Smicronyx pauperculus Wollaston, 1864; S. albosquamosus Wollaston, 1854 and S. namibicus Haran, 2018. New host plant taxa and plant associations for the tribe are reported among the families Gentianaceae Juss., Orobanchaceae Vent. and Convolvulaceae Juss. A key to species and images of the habitus of adults and male genitalia are provided.

Systematics, biogeography and host plant associations of the lace bug genus Lasiacantha Stål in Australia (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2818 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
GERASIMOS CASSIS ◽  
CELIA SYMONDS
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Lace Bug ◽  
Plant Associations

The Australian species of the lace bug genus Lasiacantha Stål are revised. The previously described species L. discordis Drake, 1955 and L. leai (Hacker, 1928) are redescribed. Tingis aemula Drake is transferred to Lasiacantha. Sixteen species are described as new to science: L. aureolus sp. nov., L. darwini sp. nov., L. dysmikos sp. nov., L. ephemera sp. nov., L. eremophila sp. nov., L. gingera sp. nov., L. graminicola sp. nov., L. inaquosa sp. nov., L. kosciuszko sp. nov., L. luritja sp. nov., L. nipha sp. nov., L. pilbara sp. nov., L. quilpie sp. nov., L. serraseta sp. nov., L. vittata sp. nov. and L. windorah sp. nov. Lasiacantha compta Drake is posited as incerte sedis. A key to species, phylogenetic analysis, and discussion of biogeography and host plant associations are provided.

scholarly journals Hidden Host Plant Associations of Soilborne Fungal Pathogens: An Ecological Perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 538-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenna M. Malcolm ◽  
Gretchen A. Kuldau ◽  
Beth K. Gugino ◽  
María del Mar Jiménez-Gasco
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Nonhost Plant ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Forest Plants

Much of the current knowledge on population biology and ecology of soilborne fungal pathogens has been derived from research based on populations recovered from plants displaying disease symptoms or soil associated with symptomatic plants. Many soilborne fungal pathogens are known to cause disease on a large number of crop plants, including a variety of important agronomical, horticultural, ornamental, and forest plants species. For instance, the fungus Verticillium dahliae causes disease on >400 host plants. From a phytopathological perspective, plants on which disease symptoms have not been yet observed are considered to be nonhosts for V. dahliae. This term may be misleading because it does not provide information regarding the nature of the plant–fungus association; that is, a nonhost plant may harbor the fungus as an endophyte. Yet, there are numerous instances in the literature where V. dahliae has been isolated from asymptomatic plants; thus, these plants should be considered hosts. In this article, we synthesize scattered research that indicates that V. dahliae, aside from being a successful and significant vascular plant pathogen, may have a cryptic biology on numerous asymptomatic plants as an endophyte. Thus, we suggest here that these endophytic associations among V. dahliae and asymptomatic plants are not unusual relationships in nature. We propose to embrace the broader ecology of many fungi by differentiating between “symptomatic hosts” as those plants in which the infection and colonization by a fungus results in disease, and “asymptomatic hosts” as those plants that harbor the fungus endophytically and are different than true nonhosts that should be used for plant species that do not interact with the given fungus. In fact, if we broaden our definition of “host plant” to include asymptomatic plants that harbor the fungus as an endophyte, it is likely that the host ranges for some soilborne fungal pathogens are much larger than previously envisioned. By ignoring the potential for soilborne fungal pathogens to display endophytic relationships, we leave gaps in our knowledge about the population biology and ecology, persistence, and spread of these fungi in agroecosystems.

An updated checklist of Iranian Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4344 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAJID FALLAHZADEH ◽  
GEORGE JAPOSHVILI
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Palaearctic Region ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Ooencyrtus Kuvanae ◽  
Current List ◽  
Host Associations

An updated checklist of Iranian Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) is presented based on literature records from 1947–2016. The current list includes 159 species representing 48 genera. Parasitoid-host associations in Iran and distributional data are also provided. Twelve encyrtid species (7.55%) are known only from Iran but a high number of species (68 species, 42.77%) are widely distributed in the Palaearctic region. Four species previously listed from Iran, Metaphycus angustifrons Compere, 1957, Homalotylus ephippium (Ruschka, 1923), H. sinensis Xu & He, 1997, and Ooencyrtus kuvanae (Howard, 1910) are no longer considered present. Hosts of Iranian encyrtid species are tabulated by order and family, with the majority being Hemiptera (66.98%), followed by Lepidoptera and Coleoptera (each 9.44%), Diptera (6.60%), Hymenoptera (4.71%) and Neuroptera (2.83%). The majority of Encyrtidae known in Iran are parasitoids of the superfamily Coccoidea (46.22%). Host-plant associations of Iranian Encyrtidae are also tabulated, by plant family. 

Taxonomic review of the plant bug genus Campylomma Reuter from Japan (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae: Nasocorini), with descriptions of two new species

2015 ◽  
Vol 158 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohide Yasunaga ◽  
Randall T. Schuh ◽  
Ram Keshari Duwal
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Ne China ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Russian Far East

The nasocorine plant bug genus Campylomma Reuter from Japan and neighboring regions is reviewed. Twelve species are currently recognized. Several species, which have pale basic coloration, are rediagnosed, with emphasis on the male and female genitalia as significant taxonomic characters. Two new species, C. fukagawai and C. tanakakiana, are described and figured, and C. marjorae Schuh is reported from Japan for the first time and diagnosed. The females of three taxonomically confused species, C. eurycephala Yasunaga, C. livida Reuter and C. lividicornis Reuter, are documented in detail and figured for the first time. Female specimens of the most frequently encountered congeners, C. lividicornis Reuter and C. livida Reuter, can now be unequivocally identified. Confidently associated final-instar immatures are figured for C. aterrima Yasunaga and C. livida Reuter. Confirmed host plant associations are reported for most treated species. Campylomma chinensis [= chinense] Schuh is proposed as a junior synonym of C. livida Reuter, and C. chichijima Carvalho is regarded as nomen dubium. A checklist and a key to species are provided, which are applicable to the faunas of Japan, and of Korea, NE China the Russian Far East and Taiwan as well.

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