Short-term movement and behaviour of black marlin Makaira indica in the Coral Sea as determined through a pop-up satellite archival tagging experiment

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Gunn ◽  
Toby A. Patterson ◽  
Julian G. Pepperell
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Diving Behaviour ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Daily Movement ◽  
Depth Data ◽  
The North ◽  
Coral Sea ◽  
North Western

Pop-up satellite tags were deployed on seven black marlin, Makaira indica,in the north-western Coral Sea, to examine movement, post-capture mortality and habitat preferences. Five of these tags popped up and transmitted positions, and detailed data on diving behaviour, ambient water temperature and daily movement were received via ARGOS transmission from two tags. One tag was later found on a beach, allowing a complete archival data set to be downloaded and geolocation estimates provided by software on-board the pop-up tags and those based on the complete archival tag data sets to be compared. The tags indicated rapid movement away from release sites; three south-easterly displacements (222 km (120 nm), 222 km (120 nm), and 1185.3 km (640 nm) net) appeared to be associated with the East Australian Current, one moved 555.6 km (300 nm) directly east, and the last tag moved offshore and then back towards the coast over a 2-month period for a net displacement of 384 km (207 nm). Based on displacement speeds and diving behaviour, it was concluded that five of the seven fish survived capture and handling for periods ranging from 3 to 64 days. The fate of the other two is unknown. Estimates of longitude made on board the pop-up tag were very similar to the best estimates that could be made using the complete archival data set; however, pop-up tag latitude estimates were significantly more variable than those using the archival data. In the two cases in which pop-up tags were scheduled to stay on the marlin for more than 3 months, the tags detached prematurely, after 39 and 64 days. Temperature and depth data indicated a preference for waters of the mixed layer (20–120 m) and temperatures warmer than 24°C.

Exploitation and movements of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye tuna (T. obesus) tagged in the north-western Coral Sea

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hampton ◽  
John Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Yellowfin Tuna ◽  
Thunnus Albacares ◽  
Bigeye Tuna ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
The North ◽  
Coral Sea ◽  
Release Area ◽  
Seasonal Signal ◽  
North Western

Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye tuna (T. obesus) were tagged and released in the north-western Coral Sea off northern Queensland in 1991 and 1992. Over the next five years, recaptures were reported by Australian longline vessels based in Cairns and fishing in the release area, and by industrial tuna fleets fishing in the adjacent western Pacific region, thus demonstrating clear links between the tuna stocks in these areas. Some southerly movements of yellowfin, in particular, further suggested links with stocks supporting the longline fishery in the south-eastern Australian Fishing Zone. Bigeye tuna tag returns and catch per unit effort by Cairns-based longliners showed a strong seasonal signal, peaking in mid year. Yellowfin tag-return data displayed a similar, but weaker, seasonal pattern. The data were analysed by use of tag-attrition models with seasonally variable catchability and with two assumptions regarding changes in targeting of the two species by longliners during the study. Under both assumptions, the local exploitation rates for yellowfin are low: about 0.07 in 1996. For bigeye, the local exploitation rate in 1996 may have been as high as 0.30, warranting a cautious approach to further fishery expansion in this area.

scholarly journals Sources of light-absorbing aerosol in arctic snow and their seasonal variation

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 13755-13796 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Hegg ◽  
S. G. Warren ◽  
T. C. Grenfell ◽  
S. J. Doherty ◽  
A. D. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Source Attribution ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Pmf Model ◽  
The North ◽  
Absorbing Aerosols

Abstract. Two data sets consisting of measurements of light absorbing aerosols (LAA) in arctic snow together with suites of other corresponding chemical constituents are presented; the first from Siberia, Greenland and near the North Pole obtained in 2008, and the second from the Canadian arctic obtained in 2009. A preliminary differentiation of the LAA into black carbon (BC) and non-BC LAA is done. Source attribution of the light absorbing aerosols was done using a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. Four sources were found for each data set (crop and grass burning, boreal biomass burning, pollution and marine). For both data sets, the crops and grass biomass burning was the main source of both LAA species, suggesting the non-BC LAA was brown carbon. Depth profiles at most of the sites allowed assessment of the seasonal variation in the source strengths. The biomass burning sources dominated in the spring but pollution played a more significant (though rarely dominant) role in the fall, winter and, for Greenland, summer. The PMF analysis is consistent with trajectory analysis and satellite fire maps.

Data Sets

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Elsner ◽  
Thomas H. Jagger
Keyword(s):  
Model Building ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Logical Structure ◽  
Fortran Program ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
The North ◽  
The One

Hurricane data originate from careful analysis of past storms by operational meteorologists. The data include estimates of the hurricane position and intensity at 6-hourly intervals. Information related to landfall time, local wind speeds, damages, and deaths, as well as cyclone size, are included. The data are archived by season. Some effort is needed to make the data useful for hurricane climate studies. In this chapter, we describe the data sets used throughout this book. We show you a work flow that includes importing, interpolating, smoothing, and adding attributes. We also show you how to create subsets of the data. Code in this chapter is more complicated and it can take longer to run. You can skip this material on first reading and continue with model building in Chapter 7. You can return here when you have an updated version of the data that includes the most recent years. Most statistical models in this book use the best-track data. Here we describe these data and provide original source material. We also explain how to smooth and interpolate them. Interpolations are needed for regional hurricane analyses. The best-track data set contains the 6-hourly center locations and intensities of all known tropical cyclones across the North Atlantic basin, including the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. The data set is called HURDAT for HURricane DATa. It is maintained by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) at the National Hurricane Center (NHC). Center locations are given in geographic coordinates (in tenths of degrees) and the intensities, representing the one-minute near-surface (∼10 m) wind speeds, are given in knots (1 kt = .5144 m s−1) and the minimum central pressures are given in millibars (1 mb = 1 hPa). The data are provided in 6-hourly intervals starting at 00 UTC (Universal Time Coordinate). The version of HURDAT file used here contains cyclones over the period 1851 through 2010 inclusive. Information on the history and origin of these data is found in Jarvinen et al (1984). The file has a logical structure that makes it easy to read with a FORTRAN program. Each cyclone contains a header record, a series of data records, and a trailer record.

Marlim R3D: A realistic model for controlled-source electromagnetic simulations — Phase 2: The controlled-source electromagnetic data set

Geophysics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. E293-E299
Author(s):  
Jorlivan L. Correa ◽  
Paulo T. L. Menezes
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Earth Model ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Geoelectric Model ◽  
Controlled Source ◽  
The North ◽  
Electromagnetic Simulations

Synthetic data provided by geoelectric earth models are a powerful tool to evaluate a priori a controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) workflow effectiveness. Marlim R3D (MR3D) is an open-source complex and realistic geoelectric model for CSEM simulations of the postsalt turbiditic reservoirs at the Brazilian offshore margin. We have developed a 3D CSEM finite-difference time-domain forward study to generate the full-azimuth CSEM data set for the MR3D earth model. To that end, we fabricated a full-azimuth survey with 45 towlines striking the north–south and east–west directions over a total of 500 receivers evenly spaced at 1 km intervals along the rugged seafloor of the MR3D model. To correctly represent the thin, disconnected, and complex geometries of the studied reservoirs, we have built a finely discretized mesh of [Formula: see text] cells leading to a large mesh with a total of approximately 90 million cells. We computed the six electromagnetic field components (Ex, Ey, Ez, Hx, Hy, and Hz) at six frequencies in the range of 0.125–1.25 Hz. In our efforts to mimic noise in real CSEM data, we summed to the data a multiplicative noise with a 1% standard deviation. Both CSEM data sets (noise free and noise added), with inline and broadside geometries, are distributed for research or commercial use, under the Creative Common License, at the Zenodo platform.

Effects of seasonality and habitat on the browsing and frugivory preferences of Tapirus terrestris in north-western Amazonia

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 395-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Vélez ◽  
Josep Maria Espelta ◽  
Orlando Rivera ◽  
Dolors Armenteras
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Foraging Ecology ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Faecal Analysis ◽  
Tapirus Terrestris ◽  
Fruit Productivity ◽  
Preferred Species ◽  
North Western

Abstract:Herbivore foraging is influenced by spatial and seasonal changes in the production of leaves and fruits. To understand how herbivores respond to these changes, it is necessary to identify their habitat preferences and how they use the vegetation available. In the Neotropical region, one of the largest terrestrial herbivores is the lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris), a species important for its dual role as browser and seed disperser. The objective of this study was to determine the species and plant components (leaves, fruits) utilized by T. terrestris in different time periods and habitats, in relation to changes in food availability in the north-western Amazon. Tapir diet was established through identification of browsing signs and faecal analysis, from data collected in the field during the months of March, April, August and September of 2015. Plant species availability for browsing was sampled in ten 2 × 50-m transects and fruit productivity was estimated in linear transects (~9 km). We found that T. terrestris mostly consumed vegetative parts, i.e. fibre (70–90%), and to a lesser extent fruits (10–30%). Food consumption was selective and concentrated in habitats with higher availability of preferred plants. When fruit intake increased, selectivity in browsing became more intense and limited to preferred species. This information, coupled with our findings about seasonal differences in browsing vs. frugivory patterns, provides valuable knowledge for understanding how environmental heterogeneity may influence the foraging ecology of the lowland tapir.

Intercomparisons of CSR GRACE-FO Solutions with External Data Sets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Tamisiea ◽  
Benjamin Krichman ◽  
Himanshu Save ◽  
Srinivas Bettadpur ◽  
Zhigui Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Ocean Bottom ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The North ◽  
External Data ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Terrestrial Water ◽  
Land Data Assimilation

<p>To assess the quality of the CSR solutions, we compare results against external data sets that have contemporaneous availability.  These evaluations fall into three categories: changes in terrestrial water storage against data from the North American and Global Land Data Assimilation Systems, variations in ocean bottom pressure against data from the Deep Ocean Assessment of Tsunami Network, and estimates of the low degree and order Stokes coefficients compared against those inferred from satellite laser ranging observations (i.e. the CSR monthly 5x5 gravity harmonics from the MEaSUREs project).   As the mission provides a unique measurement of mass changes in the Earth system, evaluation of the new solutions against other data sets and models is challenging.  Thus, we primarily focus on relative agreement with these data set with the GRACE-FO solutions in relation to the historic agreement of the data sets with the GRACE solutions.</p>

scholarly journals Rediscovery of Dytiscus latissimus Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) on the southern edge of its distribution area in Central and Eastern Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Piotr Markowski ◽  
Paweł Buczyński
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Lutra Lutra ◽  
Drainage Ditch ◽  
Deep Drainage ◽  
The North ◽  
North Western

Dytiscus latissimus was recorded in a deep drainage ditch at the edge of the Bagno Bubnów fen in the Poleski National Park. Eight dead individuals (4♀♀ and 4 ♂♂) were found on 11.04.2019 in a poaching net for fish in which an otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1759) was caught and died. The remains of another three individuals (2♀♀ and 1♂) were found on the shore at the same site on 17.04.2020. This data is discussed on the background of data on the geographical distribution and habitat preferences of this species. The new record confirms the existence of a small island of its occurrence area in Central and Eastern Poland, the only one in the country outside the young glacial lake districts in the north-western and northern part of Poland. The new record also suggests that the habitat spectrum of the species may be at least locally wider than it is recognized – which is worth considering when looking for its potential sites.

scholarly journals Twelve thousand years of dust: the Holocene global dust cycle constrained by natural archives

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 869-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Albani ◽  
N. M. Mahowald ◽  
G. Winckler ◽  
R. F. Anderson ◽  
L. I. Bradtmiller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Dust Deposition ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
The North ◽  
Dust Mass ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Mass Accumulation ◽  
Natural Archives

Abstract. Mineral dust plays an important role in the climate system by interacting with radiation, clouds, and biogeochemical cycles. In addition, natural archives show that the dust cycle experienced variability in the past in response to global and local climate change. The compilation of the DIRTMAP (Dust Indicators and Records from Terrestrial and MArine Palaeoenvironments) paleodust data sets in the last 2 decades provided a benchmark for paleoclimate models that include the dust cycle, following a time slice approach. We propose an innovative framework to organize a paleodust data set that builds on the positive experience of DIRTMAP and takes into account new scientific challenges by providing a concise and accessible data set of temporally resolved records of dust mass accumulation rates and particle grain size distributions. We consider data from ice cores, marine sediments, loess–paleosol sequences, lake sediments, and peat bogs for this compilation, with a temporal focus on the Holocene period. This global compilation allows the investigation of the potential, uncertainties, and confidence level of dust mass accumulation rate reconstructions and highlights the importance of dust particle size information for accurate and quantitative reconstructions of the dust cycle. After applying criteria that help to establish that the data considered represent changes in dust deposition, 45 paleodust records have been identified, with the highest density of dust deposition data occurring in the North Atlantic region. Although the temporal evolution of dust in the North Atlantic appears consistent across several cores and suggests that minimum dust fluxes are likely observed during the early to mid-Holocene period (6000–8000 years ago), the magnitude of dust fluxes in these observations is not fully consistent, suggesting that more work needs to be done to synthesize data sets for the Holocene. Based on the data compilation, we used the Community Earth System Model to estimate the mass balance of and variability in the global dust cycle during the Holocene, with dust loads ranging from 17.2 to 20.8 Tg between 2000 and 10 000 years ago and with a minimum in the early to mid-Holocene (6000–8000 years ago).

scholarly journals Phytosociological analysis of beech forests in the Žumberak and Samobor highlands (Croatia)

Hacquetia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-165
Author(s):  
Željko Škvorc ◽  
Jozo Franjić ◽  
Daniel Krstonošić ◽  
Krunoslav Sever
Keyword(s):  
Indicator Values ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The North ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Pannonian Plain ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Shallow Soils ◽  
North Western

Abstract The Žumberak and Samobor highlands are situated in the north-western part of Croatia where the characteristics of the Dinarides, the Alps and the Pannonian Plain meet. The greater part of the area is occupied by beech forests. The aim of the study was to determine the syntaxonomic affiliation of these forest communities, and to explore their floristic and main ecological features. Numerical analyses of floristic compositions were conducted on a data-set consisting of 144 new relevés and 99 relevés from the existing literature. Relevés were made following the standard Braun-Blanquet method. For descriptions of ecological conditions Ellenberg’s indicator values were used. Six plant associations and two subassociations of beech forests were established in Luzulo-Fagion and Aremonio-Fagion alliances. The higher altitudes of the studied area are occupied by ass. Cardamini savensi-Fagetum, whereas the lower altitudes are occupied by ass. Lamio orvalae-Fagetum and Hacquetio-Fagetum. Ass. Hacquetio-Fagetum spreads on southern slopes and ridges, whereas ass. Lamio orvalae-Fagetum occurs in ditches and on northern slopes. In the warmer habitats with shallow soils on a dolomite base ass. Ostryo-Fagetum occurred. A small part of the area is characterized by silicate substrate which is occupied by ass. Luzulo-Fagetum and Gentiano asclepiadeae-Fagetum.

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