scholarly journals Phytosociological analysis of beech forests in the Žumberak and Samobor highlands (Croatia)

Hacquetia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-165
Author(s):  
Željko Škvorc ◽  
Jozo Franjić ◽  
Daniel Krstonošić ◽  
Krunoslav Sever
Keyword(s):  
Indicator Values ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The North ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Pannonian Plain ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Shallow Soils ◽  
North Western

Abstract The Žumberak and Samobor highlands are situated in the north-western part of Croatia where the characteristics of the Dinarides, the Alps and the Pannonian Plain meet. The greater part of the area is occupied by beech forests. The aim of the study was to determine the syntaxonomic affiliation of these forest communities, and to explore their floristic and main ecological features. Numerical analyses of floristic compositions were conducted on a data-set consisting of 144 new relevés and 99 relevés from the existing literature. Relevés were made following the standard Braun-Blanquet method. For descriptions of ecological conditions Ellenberg’s indicator values were used. Six plant associations and two subassociations of beech forests were established in Luzulo-Fagion and Aremonio-Fagion alliances. The higher altitudes of the studied area are occupied by ass. Cardamini savensi-Fagetum, whereas the lower altitudes are occupied by ass. Lamio orvalae-Fagetum and Hacquetio-Fagetum. Ass. Hacquetio-Fagetum spreads on southern slopes and ridges, whereas ass. Lamio orvalae-Fagetum occurs in ditches and on northern slopes. In the warmer habitats with shallow soils on a dolomite base ass. Ostryo-Fagetum occurred. A small part of the area is characterized by silicate substrate which is occupied by ass. Luzulo-Fagetum and Gentiano asclepiadeae-Fagetum.

scholarly journals The vegetation of lateritic crusts in Northwestern Benin (Atakora region)

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Robert Sieglstetter ◽  
Rüdiger Wittig ◽  
Karen Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Herbaceous Layer ◽  
Class V ◽  
Shrub Layer ◽  
The North ◽  
Shallow Soils ◽  
North Western ◽  
Very High

Most of the grass savannas on lateritic crusts found in the North-Western of Benin are free of trees and a shrub layer is only sparsely developed. The only constant member of the shrub layer is Terminalia laxiflora. Intermediate constancy show Entada africana and Annona senegalensis. With regard to the herbaceous layer two types can be identified: On very shallow soils (<2 cm) Loudetia togoensis is highly constant and often dominating. The same is true for Andropogon pseudapricus on soils of a little bit more than 2 cm. In those types, Lepidagathis anobrya and Spermacoce filifolia show very high constancy (constancy class V) and Cyanotis lanata and Melliniella micrantha occur with high constancy (IV).

scholarly journals Horizontal Precipitation Gradients in Alpine Valleys of Northwestern Slovenia

Dela ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 5-36
Author(s):  
Matej Ogrin ◽  
Erika Kozamernik
Keyword(s):  
Precipitation Regime ◽  
The North ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Julian Alps ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Mountainous Landscapes ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Mountain Landscapes ◽  
North Western ◽  
Alpine Valleys

Mountain landscapes are the areas characteristic for a great spatial variability of precipitation amounts. On the windward sides of orographic barriers there is intense rising of air, and on the lee sides air descends. The intensity of the two processes is manifested in great differences in precipitation amounts at short distances. Although the network of precipitation stations is the densest in the Alps of all mountain regions in the world, precipitation regime at the micro level continues to be poorly known at many a place. Precipitation stations in mountainous landscapes are the most numerous in lower-lying and settled areas, whereas they are rather few in the high-lying areas. Also the accuracy of measurements is problematic in the mountains. As a result, the information on precipitation regime is inadequate right in the areas with the largest precipitation amounts. This means that the estimation of water balance is inadequate, and it is difficult to forecast the precipitation-related processes, such as torrential floods, landslides, avalanches, and the like. The present paper deals with horizontal precipitation gradients in the Alpine valleys of Planica, Krnica and the stream Beli potok which are all situated in the north-western part of the Slovenian section of the Julian Alps.

scholarly journals The introduction of reindeer to Brøggerhalvøya, Svalbard: grazing preference and effect on vegetation

Rangifer ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Staaland ◽  
J. O. Scheie ◽  
F. A. Grøndahl ◽  
E. Persen ◽  
A. B. Leifseth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
Svalbard Reindeer ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
North Western ◽  
Grazing Behaviour

In 1978 after about 100 years of absence, 15 Svalbard reindeer, Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus were reintroduced to Br&oslash;ggerhalv&oslash;ya, a peninsula on the north-western coast of Svalbard. This stock had increased to about 200 animals in 1989. Studies of reindeer grazing behaviour were carried out in 1979-1980 and 1988&not;1989. Highly prefered lichen species such as Cetraria nivalis had almost completely disappeared by 1989, whereas a less prefered species, Cetraria delisei, was still abundant. Year round dietary intake of grasses, lichens and herbs e.g. Oxyria digyna, had decreased by 1989, whereas that of mosses had increased. Essentially reindeer showed a more opportunistic grazing behaviour with more balanced utilization of all types of plant associations in 1989. The grazing behaviour of the reindeer on Br&oslash;ggerhalv&oslash;ya is therefore similar to that observed for Svalbard reindeer in general.

scholarly journals Phytosociology And Ecology Of The Dinaric Fir-Beech Forests (Omphalodofagetum) At The North-Western Part Of The Illyrian Floral Province (Nw Dinaric Alps)

Hacquetia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boštjan Surina ◽  
Igor Dakskobler
Keyword(s):  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
The North ◽  
Characteristic Species ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
North Western ◽  
Site Ecology

Abstract We studied the phytosociology, ecology and biogeography of the Dinaric fir-beech stands (Omphalodo-Fagetum) in the Trnovski gozd plateau, at the north-western part of the Illyrian floral province. We identified and confirmed two geographical variants (var. geogr. Saxifraga cuneifolia - central and western part of the plateau, and var. geogr. Calamintha grandiflora - eastern part of the plateau), and 10 floristically and ecologically well differentiated subassociations (-rhododendretosum hirsuti,-saxifragetosum cuneifoliae, -adenostyletosum glabrae, -festucetosum altissimae, -calamagrostietosum arundinaceae, -stellarietosum montanae, -seslerietosum autumnalis, -calamagrostietosum variae, -sambucetosum nigrae and -asaretosum europei). The most frequent stands bellong to the subassociation -festucetosum altissimae and -calamagrostietosum arundinaceae, which, in terms of site ecology and floristic composition, represent the central forest types in the research area. They are floristically impoverished and lack majority of association’s characteristic species which is in line with the biogeographic peculiarites of the research area.

scholarly journals Validating Structural Styles in the Flysch Basin Northern Rif (Morocco) by Means of Thermal Modeling

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Achraf Atouabat ◽  
Sveva Corrado ◽  
Andrea Schito ◽  
Faouziya Haissen ◽  
Oriol Gimeno-Vives ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitrinite Reflectance ◽  
Thermal Modeling ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Thermal Maturity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The North ◽  
Frontal Part ◽  
Rif Belt ◽  
Thermal Indicators ◽  
North Western

Vitrinite reflectance and a micro-Raman spectroscopy parameters data set have been acquired on dispersed organic matter of the Maghrebian flysch basin and the Tangiers unit across a NE-SW section in the north-western Rif belt (North Morocco). Thermal maturity shows increasing values from the hinterland to the external unit (from NE to SW). Paleo-thermal indicators show that the internal flysch basin (i.e., the Mauretanian unit) is less mature than the external one, (i.e., the Massylian unit), with Ro% and Ro eq. Raman values ranging from 0.64% to 1.02% (from early mature to late mature stages of hydrocarbon generation). 1D thermal modeling estimates the overburden now totally eroded ranging from 3.1 km to 6.0 km, and has been used as constraint to reconstruct the complete thrust wedge geometry in Miocene times. The reconstructed geometry accounts for high shortening (about 63%) due to the development of an antiformal stack in the frontal part of the wedge made up by the flysch succession. This stacking is interpreted as a consequence of the western translation of the Alboran Domain in the core of the Betic-Rif orogenic system.

Phylogeography of Hepialus humuli (L.) (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) in Europe: short distance vs. large scale postglacial expansions from multiple Alpine refugia and taxonomic implications

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Simonsen ◽  
Peter Huemer
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
North Western ◽  
The Last Glacial

We explore the phylogeography of the common ghost moth, Hepialus humuli (Linnaeus) in Europe based on 1451 bp Cytochromeoxydase Subunit 1 (COI) mtDNA and 617 bp Ribosomal protein Subunit 5 (RpS5) ntDNA with special focus on populations in the Alps and surrounding regions, as well as northern Europe. While RpS5 fails to recover any phylogeographic signal, COI reveals a remarkable pattern with central European populations separated in four well-defined groups. The most divergent group is restricted to northern Italy and southern Austria and geographically isolated from the others; one group is found only in the central-northern region south of Lake Constance (Liechtenstein, western Austria) and co-occurs with the two other groups, from north-eastern Alps and north-western Alps respectively. We conclude that the southern and central groups are relicts from a previous Pleistocene glacial maximum, whereas the two latter groups were isolated during the last glacial maximum in a western and an eastern refugium respectively, the exact extends of these refugia are uncertain. The central group has subsequently interbred with the two other northern groups and probably only exists today as ancient mtDNA haplotypes. The north-western and north-eastern groups have spread considerably and overlap over a large part of their range in the Alps and surrounding areas. Following the last glacial maximum, the north-western group spread into western Europe as far as Normandy, but the English Channel has apparently acted as a dispersal barrier. The north-eastern group spread into eastern and northern Europe, including Scandinavia, and possibly into the Balkans as well. The British Isles as well as the North Atlantic islands groups, the Faroese and Shetlands were colonised from southern Scandinavia or northern Germany, likely via Doggerland. Despite the deep divergence in mtDNA between the populations in Italy and southern Austria, and the remaining populations, there are no consistent morphological differences, and we conclude that there is no evidence that the southern populations should be considered a separate species. Although the populations in the Shetland and Faroese islands are phenotypically distinct from most other populations, we find no genetic or genitalia morphological differences between these populations and the rest. We therefore conclude that they display what can be termed cryptic genetic homogeneity. As the phenotypic variation is not unique to these populations either, we synonymise the North Atlantic subspecies H. humuli thulensis Newman syn.n. with H. humuli humuli.

Short-term movement and behaviour of black marlin Makaira indica in the Coral Sea as determined through a pop-up satellite archival tagging experiment

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Gunn ◽  
Toby A. Patterson ◽  
Julian G. Pepperell
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Diving Behaviour ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Daily Movement ◽  
Depth Data ◽  
The North ◽  
Coral Sea ◽  
North Western

Pop-up satellite tags were deployed on seven black marlin, Makaira indica,in the north-western Coral Sea, to examine movement, post-capture mortality and habitat preferences. Five of these tags popped up and transmitted positions, and detailed data on diving behaviour, ambient water temperature and daily movement were received via ARGOS transmission from two tags. One tag was later found on a beach, allowing a complete archival data set to be downloaded and geolocation estimates provided by software on-board the pop-up tags and those based on the complete archival tag data sets to be compared. The tags indicated rapid movement away from release sites; three south-easterly displacements (222 km (120 nm), 222 km (120 nm), and 1185.3 km (640 nm) net) appeared to be associated with the East Australian Current, one moved 555.6 km (300 nm) directly east, and the last tag moved offshore and then back towards the coast over a 2-month period for a net displacement of 384 km (207 nm). Based on displacement speeds and diving behaviour, it was concluded that five of the seven fish survived capture and handling for periods ranging from 3 to 64 days. The fate of the other two is unknown. Estimates of longitude made on board the pop-up tag were very similar to the best estimates that could be made using the complete archival data set; however, pop-up tag latitude estimates were significantly more variable than those using the archival data. In the two cases in which pop-up tags were scheduled to stay on the marlin for more than 3 months, the tags detached prematurely, after 39 and 64 days. Temperature and depth data indicated a preference for waters of the mixed layer (20–120 m) and temperatures warmer than 24°C.

scholarly journals Legends of Places as Part of the Sustainable Development of Regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 157-178
Author(s):  
Barbara Ivančič Kutin ◽  
◽  
Monika Kropej Telban ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
The North ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Narrative Tradition ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Alps ◽  
North Western

Many newly established thematic routes and parks include narrative traditions to be experienced in their natural environment. Quality products of this kind are the result of well-developed concepts that follow expert guidelines and strategies and can be, as such, part of sustainable tourism, which strives to preserve ties with tradition to the greatest extent possible. This article includes some examples of different presentations of narrative tradition or local legends in places and discusses the problems with which such presentations cope. The article particularly discusses two examples of thematic trails that are based on professional folklore and ethnological research. The first case involves research activities that served as the foundation for thematic storytelling routes in the eastern part of the Alps – Pohorje above Slovenska Bistrica in Slovenia – and in central Istria in Croatia. The second example shows the influence of a thematic trail on the knowledge about local narrative tradition among schoolchildren in Bovec in the north-western part of Slovenia.

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