Retention of transmitter attachments on black cockatoos (Calyptorhynchus spp.).

Despite the widespread use of telemetry to track the movements of many different avian species, there are few published studies describing tracking methods for large psittacine birds. Due to their powerful bills and inquisitive demeanours, large parrots may damage valuable transmitters and confound telemetry studies. We undertook a captive trial of three attachment methods (collar, harness and tail-mount) and a novel weak-link harness design for black cockatoos (Calyptorhynchus latirostris, C. baudinii and C. banksii naso). Mean retention times for the transmitter packages ranged from 44 to 384 days. There was no skin or feather damage to the birds associated with transmitter attachments. The results showed sufficient transmitter retention times to allow for the collection of valuable movement and survival data, with no obvious ill effects on animal welfare, and are a first step towards using transmitters on wild cockatoos.

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Structural analysis of a Σ5 grain boundary in YBa2Cu3O7δ

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010015054x ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 942-943

Author(s):

J.-Y. Wang ◽

Y. Zhu ◽

A.H. King ◽

M. Suenaga

Keyword(s):

Grain Boundary ◽

Lattice Mismatch ◽

Weak Link ◽

Coincidence Site Lattice ◽

Large Angle ◽

Dislocation Core ◽

Superconducting Order Parameter ◽

Outstanding Problem ◽

Transmission Electron

One outstanding problem in YBa2Cu3O7−δ superconductors is the weak link behavior of grain boundaries, especially boundaries with a large-angle misorientation. Increasing evidence shows that lattice mismatch at the boundaries contributes to variations in oxygen and cation concentrations at the boundaries, while the strain field surrounding a dislocation core at the boundary suppresses the superconducting order parameter. Thus, understanding the structure of the grain boundary and the grain boundary dislocations (which describe the topology of the boundary) is essential in elucidating the superconducting characteristics of boundaries. Here, we discuss our study of the structure of a Σ5 grain boundary by transmission electron microscopy. The characterization of the structure of the boundary was based on the coincidence site lattice (CSL) model.Fig.l shows two-beam images of the grain boundary near the projection. An array of grain boundary dislocations, with spacings of about 30nm, is clearly visible in Fig. 1(a), but invisible in Fig. 1(b).

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Effect of thermal annealing on grain boundary chemistry of polycrystalline TiBa2Ca2Cu3Oy films

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100172577 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 52 ◽

pp. 968-969

Author(s):

Z. L. Wang ◽

C. L. Briant ◽

J. DeLuca ◽

A. Goyal ◽

D. M. Kroeger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Boundary ◽

Weak Link ◽

Zero Field ◽

Stabilized Zirconia ◽

Local Texture ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Axis Alignment ◽

Boundary Chemistry ◽

Small Misorientation ◽

Misorientation Angles

Recent studies have shown that spray-pyrolyzed films of the Tl-1223 compound (TlxBa2Ca2Cu3Oy, with 0.7 < × < 0.95) on polycrystalline yttrium stabilized zirconia substrates can be prepared which have critical current density Jc near 105 A/cm2 at 77 K, in zero field. The films are polycrystalline, have excellent c-axis alignment, and show little evidence of weak-link behavior. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies have shown that most grain boundaries have small misorientation angles. It has been found that the films have a nigh degree of local texture indicative of colonies of similarly oriented grains. It is believed that inter-colony conduction is enhanced by a percolative network of small angle boundaries at colony interfaces. It has also been found that Jc is increased by a factor of 4 - 5 after the films were annealed at 600 °C in oxygen. This study is thus carried out to determine the effect on grain boundary chemistry of the heat treatment.

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On visions and promises — ethical aspects of in vitro meat

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences ◽

10.1042/etls20190108 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 753-758

Author(s):

Silvia Woll

Keyword(s):

Animal Welfare ◽

Environmental Issues ◽

Meat Production ◽

Ethical Aspects ◽

Existing Problems ◽

In Vitro Meat ◽

Production And Consumption ◽

Production Conditions

Innovators of in vitro meat (IVM) are convinced that this approach is the solution for problems related to current meat production and consumption, especially regarding animal welfare and environmental issues. However, the production conditions have yet to be fully clarified and there is still a lack of ethical discourses and critical debates on IVM. In consequence, discussion about the ethical justifiability and desirability of IVM remains hypothetical and we have to question those promises. This paper addresses the complex ethical aspects associated with IVM and the questions of whether, and under what conditions, the production of IVM represents an ethically justifiable solution for existing problems, especially in view of animal welfare, the environment, and society. There are particular hopes regarding the benefits that IVM could bring to animal welfare and the environment, but there are also strong doubts about their ethical benefits.

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Weak Link Between Hormones, Sexual Desire

Clinical Endocrinology News ◽

10.1016/s1558-0164(06)70436-9 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 1 (12) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

KATE JOHNSON

Keyword(s):

Sexual Desire ◽

Weak Link

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Identification of enteric Helicobacter in avian species

Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde ◽

10.1024/0036-7281.149.9.403 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 149 (9) ◽

pp. 403-407 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

P. Nebbia ◽

C. Tramuta ◽

M. Ortoffi ◽

E. Bert ◽

S. Cerruti Sola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Avian Species

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The Effect of Partly Missing Covariates on Statistical Power in Randomized Controlled Trials With Discrete-Time Survival Endpoints

Methodology ◽

10.1027/1614-2241/a000121 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 41-60

Author(s):

Shahab Jolani ◽

Maryam Safarkhani

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Discrete Time ◽

Treatment Effect ◽

Survival Data ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Missing Covariates ◽

Indicator Method ◽

Imputation Methods ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Baseline Covariates

Abstract. In randomized controlled trials (RCTs), a common strategy to increase power to detect a treatment effect is adjustment for baseline covariates. However, adjustment with partly missing covariates, where complete cases are only used, is inefficient. We consider different alternatives in trials with discrete-time survival data, where subjects are measured in discrete-time intervals while they may experience an event at any point in time. The results of a Monte Carlo simulation study, as well as a case study of randomized trials in smokers with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), indicated that single and multiple imputation methods outperform the other methods and increase precision in estimating the treatment effect. Missing indicator method, which uses a dummy variable in the statistical model to indicate whether the value for that variable is missing and sets the same value to all missing values, is comparable to imputation methods. Nevertheless, the power level to detect the treatment effect based on missing indicator method is marginally lower than the imputation methods, particularly when the missingness depends on the outcome. In conclusion, it appears that imputation of partly missing (baseline) covariates should be preferred in the analysis of discrete-time survival data.

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