Assessing Livelihood Adaptation Indices and the Sustainability of Rice Farmers in Bangladesh's Northwestern Region

Climate change alters the impact of the environment on economies, and sustainable adaptation which may improve food security is embedded in the actualization of the 2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2, 13, and 14. Hence, this study contributes to the debate by measuring how farmers in the Northwestern region of Bangladesh adapt to climate change. A cross-sectional multistage random sampling is used to collect 500 data points by the face-to-face interview method. For robustness, the study demonstrates climate change adaptations, adaptation indices, and the sustainability indicators in social, economic, and environmental concepts using the composite indicator method. Also, Rasch analysis and marginal contribution were used to explain the adaptation indices. Finally, a trivariate Tobit regression is used to examine sustainability analyses of climate change adaptation strategies and explain how the climate change adaptations affect different dimensions of sustainability. The results showed that dominant male households, extended family, skilled farmers and food security influenced adaptation index as well as adaptation strategies like organic manure, changing planting dates, diseases tolerant varieties and irrigation. Though, most dominant strategies like irrigation and applying fertilizer are not sustainable. The study also found that farm size, credit access, and extension contact significantly affects sustainability. Moreover, off-farm activities, crop diversification, and using high-yield varieties are more sustainable adaptation strategies. Policy should be implemented on the basis of region and sustainable manner.

Sistem Pendeteksi Kebakaran Pada Apron Passenger Bus (APB) Berbasis Mikrokontroler

This research is about constructing a prototype of fire detection warning system on Apron Passenger Bus. The prototype can detect certain possibility of fire and give early warning to the driver. It works automatically based on three sensors used, which are smoke sensor, temperature sensor and flame sensor. The prototype is constructed using these three sensors and combined with Arduino microcontroller. This microcontroller has a role of transmitting information to the alarm system as a fire indicator. Method used in this research begins with simulation of a fire warning system and continued by implementation on hardware. The prototype works successfully on detecting fire both on software and hardware basis.

COVID-19 Pandemic—Financial Consequences for Polish Airports—Selected Aspects

The COVID-19 pandemic has reduced the mobility of urban residents on an international level. Tourist air traffic was suspended as one of many activities. As a result, the aviation industry has suffered losses at various levels. In addition to carriers, airports are also suffering due to the effects of the pandemic. Their income comes mainly from charges for take-offs and landings of airplanes, passenger charges, and commercial and restaurant activity. In this paper, the authors attempt to estimate the level of losses incurred by six Polish airports in relation to passenger charges. Based on the data for the years 2015–2019, the forecasts of passenger flows for the year 2020 were estimated using the seasonality indicator method, the method of one-name period trends, and models of linear trends with seasonality. Research has shown that the total losses of the examined airports for the year 2020 amounted to approximately 290 million EUR, and these are losses resulting only from the lack of fees charged for servicing passengers at the airports.

Improvement of the calculation and experimental method of evaluation of carbonization of reinforced concrete structures of sewerage underground systems

Carbonization of concrete leads to a decrease in the alkalinity of concrete, an increase in the number of hydrogen ions in the pores, is one of the main factors that lead to corrosion of reinforcement, the formation of cracks and the subsequent reduction of load-bearing capacity of structures. The study of the depth of carbonization of concrete is to determine the pH of the pore liquid at different depths. There are devices with automatic maintenance of a given concentration of carbon dioxide, to determine the diffusion permeability of concrete to carbon dioxide, based on data on the rate of neutralization (carbonization) of concrete with carbon dioxide. Basically, this method is intended for use in the development of technology and design of concrete composition, providing long-term maintenance of structures in non-aggressive and aggressive gaseous environments, as chips are not prepared immediately before the test and after reaching the design age are placed in the installation with reagents for 7 days. But to determine the carbonization directly on the construction site or object often use the pH method, i.e. the indicator method of pH determination. To assess the concentration of hydrogen ions used acid-base indicators - organic substances – dyes, the color of which depends on the pH from the obtained results the algorithm of definition of depth of carbonization consists in the following actions. The improved formula of definition of depth of carbonization of concrete taking into account degree of aging and corrosion damages for what in the final formula the corresponding coefficients kst and kkor are entered: hcarb = {(2D˖C˖τ) / (mo˖kst ˖kkor)} 1/2, where the effective diffusion coefficient of CO2 in the concrete of the existing reinforced concrete structure, which is determined by the condition D = (mo˖δ2) / (2C˖t ). The thickness of the neutralized layer δ is determined experimentally on an existing structure using a physicochemical method (phenolphthalein solution or using depth gauges. .Concentration of CO2 in air C should be determined by chemical analysis of air samples taken directly from the structure or take ≈ 0.03%. Re. the ability of concrete mo is determined by the formula mo = 0.4 (C˖p˖f), taking the amount of cement, kg per 1m3, respectively, the strength of concrete. neutralization of concrete is equal to f = 0.5.

Scientifically validated applications for monitoring the practice of physical activities and energy expenditure using the smartphone accelerometer: a integrative review

Introduction: Mobile technologies, especially smartphone applications, have contributed a lot in the area of health and physical activity, but there is an increasing concern with the validation criteria of these tools. It is extremely important to know if the physiological parameters used are safe and reliable to promote and monitor the practice of physical activity. With technological innovation, it is possible to process the data of accelerometer to measure energy expenditure. Objective: this study searched for evidence of scientific validation in Apps that uses smartphone’s accelerometer as energy expenditure indicator. Method: The keywords, inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined. The selected articles were categorized using an adapted questionnaire. Result: In a total of 1923 articles, eight articles meted all inclusion criteria that developed and validated apps for physical activity analysis. Conclusion: The results induced the effectiveness of smartphone's accelerometer to recognize physical activity and energy expenditure. It can be used to encourage healthy and safe practices, leading to improvements in quality of life. The limited number of articles with scientifically validated Applications indicates the need for more research.

FERTILIZER MANAGEMENT IN POLAND IN LIGHT OF EUROPEAN GREEN DEAL OBJECTIVES

The aim of the paper is to outline the problem areas of fertilizer management in Poland, taking the need to achieve European Green Deal (EGD) objectives into account. Fertilizer management is one of the key elements of future agricultural policy, to which the European Green Deal refers, and is closer to the Farm to Fork strategy. The emphasis on the need to promote rational fertilizer management in European documents stemmed from the pressures of this economic activity on the natural environment. The paper focuses on the main determinants of fertilizer management, including the costs and quantities of mineral fertilizers used and the results of the NPK fertilizer balance, using the gross balance and indicator method. The study used Statistics Poland data 2007 and 2016 from the Farm Structure Survey and agricultural accountancy FADN 2014-2019. It was found that, at the level of the agricultural sector, the results of fertilizer balances do not create surpluses and problematic issues concern a significant share of farms with an understated balance of main NPK macroelements. The expected reduction in the level of fertilization under the EGD may result in a reduction in production and economic performance from a farm and negatively affect the state of the natural environment. The fertilizer balance and nutrient efficiency level should be used as measurable indicators for setting reduction targets.

Aplikasi Mobile Your Job MBTI (Myers-Briggs Indicator) Menggunakan Algoritma Fisher-Yates Shuffle

Work is something that everyone will do. This is because by working we will earn money that can make us able to fulfill our needs. But sometimes there are still quite a lot of people out there who don't even know what job is right for them. Therefore the author designed an application called Your Job based on Android, this application will provide suitable job recommendations based on the person's personality. In this study using the fisher-yates shuffle algorithm. Fisher-Yates shuffle algorithm can be applied to randomization of questions. The design of this application also uses the MBTI (Myers-Briggs Indicator) method to make it easier to determine a person's personality. After doing it to several people about this application. They gave a very good response, it is certain that the fisher-ystes shuffle algorithm runs well in randomizing the questions and using the MBTI method the accuracy level is almost 100% accurate.

Intramuscular Fatty Acids in Meat Could Predict Enteric Methane Production by Fattening Lambs

Methane (CH4) emissions pose a serious problem for the environmental sustainability of ruminant production. The aim of the present study was to explore the usefulness of the intramuscular fatty acid (FA) profile to estimate CH4 production of lambs fattened under intensive feeding systems. A statistical regression analysis of intramuscular FA derived from ruminal metabolism was carried out to assess the best predictive model of CH4 production (g/d) in lambs fed with different diets. CH4 was calculated with three distinct equations based on organic matter digestibility (OMD) at maintenance feeding levels. The OMD of the experimental diets was determined in an in vivo digestibility trial by means of the indicator method. Regression models were obtained by stepwise regression analysis. The three optimized models showed high adjusted coefficients of determination (R2adj = 0.74–0.93) and concordance correlation coefficients (CCC = 0.89–0.98), as well as small root mean square prediction errors (RMSPE = 0.29–0.40 g/d). The best single predictor was vaccenic acid (trans-11 C18:1), a bioactive FA that is formed in the rumen to a different extent depending on dietary composition. Based on our data and further published lamb research, we propose a novel regression model for CH4 production with excellent outcomes: CH4 (g/d) = −1.98 (±1.284)–0.87 (±0.231) × trans-11 C18:1 + 0.79 (±0.045) × BW (R2adj = 0.97; RMSPE = 0.76 g/d; CCC = 0.98). In conclusion, these results indicate that specific intramuscular FA and average BW during fattening could be useful to predict CH4 production of lambs fed high concentrate diets.