64 No difference in health and fertility characteristics between offspring arising from in vitro production or multiple ovulation embryo transfer

2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
E. Mullaart ◽  
G. Ludema ◽  
A. Zijlstra ◽  
J. Veldhuisen
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Vitro Production

Determination of anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations in blood as a tool to select Holstein donor cows for embryo production: from the laboratory to the farm

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlène Rico ◽  
Laurence Drouilhet ◽  
Pascal Salvetti ◽  
Rozenn Dalbiès-Tran ◽  
Peggy Jarrier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Practical Information ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Donor Cows

High between-animal variability in the number of embryos produced by multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) and ovum pick-up and in vitro production (OPU–IVP) methods remains a major limit to the development of embryo biotechnologies in cattle. The measurement of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) endocrine concentrations in cows can help to predict their follicular and ovulatory responses to gonadotrophin treatment. The present study aimed to provide practical information for a simple prognostic method based on AMH measurement in Holstein cows. Accurate AMH concentrations could be measured with ELISA in blood or plasma. In cows undergoing repeated OPU protocols over 1 year, the AMH concentrations measured in plasma samples collected before each gonadotrophin treatment were found to be highly repeatable and were tightly correlated with follicular responses. From data obtained at both an experimental station and farm settings, it was possible to propose AMH cut-off values to identify low-responding cows. Gonadotrophin-stimulated cows producing fewer than 15 large follicles at oestrus and fewer than 10 embryos in MOET protocols could be discarded efficiently with plasma AMH concentrations below 87 and 74 pg mL–1, respectively. In conclusion, we propose a prognostic method based on a single AMH measurement to improve the results of embryo biotechnologies.

144 PREGNANCY RATES FOLLOWING THE TRANSFER OF IN VITRO FERTILIZED EMBRYOS TO RECIPIENTS ON DAY 6, 7, OR 8 AFTER OESTRUS

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
R. C. Fry ◽  
K. L. Fry ◽  
H. A. McCartney ◽  
W. R. Geddes ◽  
K. Geddes
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Embryo Grade

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of day of synchrony on the pregnancy rate of recipients following the transfer of Day 7 IVF embryos. In addition, the effect of IVF embryo grade and corpus luteum (CL) grade of recipients was determined. A total of 317 cumulus-oocyte complexes collected from 24 dry Brahman cows by TVR were matured, fertilized, and cultured under standard in vitro production procedures (Fry et al. 2003 Theriogenology 59, 446). A total of 89 (44 Grade 1, 43 Grade 2, and 2 Grade 3, IETS classification) in vitro-produced embryos were transferred to parous 4- to 9-year-old dry Brahman cross recipient cattle 7 days after IVF. Two groups of recipient cows were synchronised one day apart with an 8-day CIDR/pg protocol so that oestrous would be concentrated over 3 days with the middle day aligning with the day of IVF (Day 0). Donors that produced a large number of IVF embryos had these divided and transferred into recipients either on Day –1 or Day +1 of synchrony, and those producing less than 4 IVF embryos were transferred into recipients on Day 0. At embryo transfer the ovaries of the recipient were palpated and then scanned by rectal ultrasound and the grade of CL noted (Grade 1 = large distinct CL by palpation, Grade 2 = small distinct CL by palpation, Grade 3 = CL not distinguishable by palpation). Pregnancy was diagnosed by ultrasound scanning on Day 92. Although recipient numbers were low, differences in pregnancy rate between groups were analysed by Chi-squared. Data from the 2 Grade 3 embryos transferred were not included in the analysis (0/2 pregnant). Similar (P > 0.05) pregnancy rates were found when Day 7 IVF embryos were transferred to either Day 6 (17/32 = 53%), Day 7 (9/24 = 38%), or Day 8 (14/31 = 45%) recipients. Furthermore, neither the grade of the embryo (Grade 1: 20/44 = 45%, Grade 2: 20/43 = 47%) nor the grade of recipient CL (Grade 1: 17/45 = 38%, Grade 2: 17/29 = 59%, Grade 3: 6/13 = 46%) effected pregnancy rate (P > 0.05). This experiment demonstrates the flexibility of the IVF embryo to achieve an acceptable pregnancy rate over a range of recipient stages thereby allowing a high usage rate of good-quality recipients in an IVF embryo transfer program.

Practical applications of new research information in the practice of bovine embryo transfer

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Looney ◽  
J. H. Pryor
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Cryopreservation Techniques ◽  
New Research ◽  
Vitro Production

For more than 40 years, practitioners have sought to improve all aspects of commercial bovine embryo transfer. The development of new technologies for this industry has been substantial, with recent focus on cryopreservation techniques and the in vitro production of embryos fertilised with sexed spermatozoa. When these and other new technologies are developed, the following questions remain: (1) is said technology regulated or does it require licensing; and (2) is it applicable and, if so, is it financially feasible? Computer access to published research and the advancement of data software programs conducive to the industry for data procurement have been essential for helping practitioners answer these questions by enhancing their ability to analyse and apply data. The focus of the present paper is to aid commercial embryo transfer practitioners in determining new technologies that are available and whether they can be implemented effectively, benefiting their programs.

290 CYTOKINE PROFILE IN THE AMNIOTIC FLUID OF NELORE CALVES CONCEIVED BY IN VITRO PRODUCTION AND EMBRYO TRANSFER

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
C. F. Moya-Araujo ◽  
N. C. Preste ◽  
M. Piagentini ◽  
G. H. M. Araujo ◽  
M. G. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Plastic Tube ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Vitro Production

Cytokines have several functions in many cells and their appropriate balance in the maternal-fetal connections is necessary to maintain a successful pregnancy. The incidence of fetal problems reported at the delivery moment in cows with conceptus conceived by in vitro production (IVP) and lack of literature in the immunology gestation area in bovine prompted this study. The aim of the present study was to determine the levels of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-α), interferon-y (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-8 in amniotic fluid of calves from IVP and conventional embryo transfer at the moment of delivery. Forty animals were used and divided into 2 groups: 1 - Twenty Nelore cross-breed cows pregnant with Nelore calves conceived by conventional embryos transfer method (ET group); 2 - Twenty Nelore cross-breed cows pregnant with Nelore calves obtained by IVP after follicular aspiration (IVP group). Around labor, cows were transferred to a maternal paddock to permit observation of delivery. During the expulsion phase the amnion was punctured and 15 mL of fluid was collected in a plastic tube and stored in a freezer for later analysis. The cytokine levels were measured by immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA). The commercial kits used were ESS0011 (Bovine TNF Alpha), ESS0026 (Bovine IFN-gamma), and ESS0029 (Bovine IL-6) from Pierce Biotechnology™ (Rockford, IL, USA) and kit D8000C (Human IL-8) from R&D Systems™ (Minneapolis, MN, USA). The protocol was performed according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. The densities were evaluated by using an automatic optical reader ELISA. The well plates were read at 450 nm. The ANOVA on ranks was used for statistical analysis because of nonparametric distribution of data, with 5% of significance. No calves in this experiment showed signs of sepsis or death during the peripartum period. There was no significant difference in the concentration of TNF-α between the animals of the ET (250.40 pg mL-1) and IVP (398.70 pg mL-1) groups (P > 0.05). There was no difference statistically for IFN-γ; the medians of this cytokine were 35.7 pg mL-1 for the ET group and 48.22 pg mL-1 for the IVP group (P > 0.05). Only samples 15 and 18 of the IVP group had detectable concentrations of IL-6 (2227.47 and 2686.30 pg mL-1, respectively) and for IL-8 only 15 of the samples in the same group (577.6 pg mL-1). The results for TNF-α and INF-γ in this experiment can be adopted as standards for normal pregnancy in cattle, because there are no reports of such data in the literature. However, additional research in the area of gestation immunology area is necessary to describe the role of cytokines in the maintenance of pregnancy and at the moment of delivery in cattle. Supported by FAPESP, Brazil.

scholarly journals In Vitro Production of Blastocyst and Embryo Transfer in Mammals

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6
Author(s):  
Kiyohiko Takagishi ◽  
Kenji Momozawa ◽  
Yoshinori Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Vitro Production

THE IN VITRO PRODUCTION OF ANDROGENS BY FOLLICULAR TISSUE OF RABBITS

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Gospodarowicz
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Vitro Production

ABSTRACT Incubation in vitro of rabbit follicles in separate experiments with dehydroepiandrosterone-14C (DHEA-14C), progesterone-14C and pregnenolone-3H in the presence of FSH gave the following results: 39 % of the radioactivity of DHEA-14C is converted to androstenedione and testosterone, while only 3 % of the radioactivity of either progesterone-14C or pregnenolone-3H is found in the androgen fraction. From the ratio of testosterone to androstenedione formed from the three precursors, the results are interpreted to mean that DHEA and pregnenolone, and not progesterone, are precursors of androgens in the follicle.

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