scholarly journals Additions to Amanita (Amanitaceae, Agaricales) section Arenariae from south-western Australia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Davison ◽  
D. Giustiniano ◽  
N. L. Bougher ◽  
L. E. McGurk ◽  
E. L. J. Watkin
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Macroscopic Appearance ◽  
Genetic Sequences

A recent molecular phylogeny of Amanita recognises three subgenera and 11 sections. Members of subgenus Amanitina are characterised by amyloid spores and a mycorrhizal habit. Section Arenariae falls within this subgenus. Members of this section are known only from southern Australia; they are either sequestrate (secotioid) or agaricoid and lack clamp connections. We describe the following three additional secotioid species: Amanita arenarioides Bougher, E.M.Davison & Giustiniano, A. compacta Bougher, E.M.Davison & Giustiniano and A. pseudoarenaria E.M.Davison, Giustiniano & Bougher, which are separated on macroscopic appearance, spore shape and genetic sequences. We also describe two agaricoid species, namely, A. pupatuju E.M.Davison, Giustiniano, McGurk & E.L.J.Watkin, and A sabulosa E.M.Davison & Giustiniano, which are separated on bulb shape and genetic sequences. We provide expanded descriptions of A. arenaria (O.K.Mill. & E.Horak) Justo and A. griselloides D.A.Reid; we also synonymise A. dumosorum D.A.Reid with A. peltigera D.A.Reid. A revised diagnosis and description of section Arenariae is provided, together with a key to currently recognised member of this section.

Informational structure of genetic sequences

1991 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 2731-2731
Author(s):  
EN Trifonov
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Sequences

Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic evaluation of the genus Asaccus Dixon and Anderson, 1973 (Reptilia: Phyllodactylidae) in Iran

2020 ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Akbar Fattahi
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Zagros Mountains ◽  
Relict Species ◽  
Taxonomical Revision ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Taxonomic Evaluation

The Iranian species of the phyllodactylid geckos of the genus Asaccus are found only in the valleys of the Zagros Mountains, a region which represents an important area of endemism in western Iran. Recently, many relict species have been described from the central and southern parts of the Zagros Mountains, which were previously known as A. elisae. The recent descriptions of species within this complex suggest that diversity within the genus may be higher than expected and that its taxonomy and systematics should be revised. In the present study, phylogenetic relationships within the genus Asaccus were evaluated using two mitochondrial and one nuclear gene. Genetically, the genus shows high levels of variability. The molecular phylogeny of the genus suggests the presence of three main clades along the Zagros Mountains with the southern population (from the Hormozgan province) and one clade (A. sp8 and A. sp9) being sister taxon to A. montanus from UAE. The remaining samples are separated into two reciprocally monophyletic groups: the northern (Kurdistan, Kermanshah and Ilam provinces) and the central (Lorestan, Khuzestan, Kohgilouye-Bouyer Ahmad and Fars provinces) Zagros groups. The results of the present study suggest that populations attributed to A. elisae in Iran correspond to distinct lineages with high genetic distances. In brief, our results suggest that the genus needs a major taxonomical revision The Arabian origin of the genus has not been confirmed, because two populations from Zagros were located within the A. montanus, A. gallagheri and A. platyrhynchus clade. Further morphological analyses are needed to systematically define each genetic lineage as a new taxon.

Chapter 11: General epidemiology of TBE

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Genetic Sequences ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) exists in natural foci, which are areas where TBEV is circulating among its vectors (ticks of different species and genera) and reservoir hosts (usually rodents and small mammals). Based on phylogenetic studies, four TBEV subtypes (Far-Eastern, Siberian, European, Baikalian) and two putative subtypes (Himalayan and “178-79” group) are known. Within each subtype, some genetic lineages are described. The European subtype (TBEV-EU) (formerly known also as the “Western subtype”) of TBEV is prevalent in Europe, but it was also isolated in Western and Eastern Siberia in Russia and South Korea. The Far-Eastern subtype (TBEV-FE) was preferably found in the territory of the far-eastern part of Eurasia, but some strains were isolated in other regions of Eurasia. The Siberian (TBEV-SIB) subtype is the most common and has been found in almost all TBEV habitat areas. The Baikalian subtype is prevalent around Lake Baikal and was isolated several times from ticks and rodents. In addition to the four TBEV subtypes, one single isolate of TBEV (178-79) and two genetic sequences (Himalayan) supposed to be new TBEV subtypes were described in Eastern Siberia and China. The data on TBEV seroprevalence in humans and animals can serve as an indication for the presence or absence of TBEV in studied area.

Persistence of giants: population dynamics of the limpet Scutellastra laticostata on rocky shores in Western Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 646 ◽  
pp. 79-92
Author(s):  
RE Scheibling ◽  
R Black
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Decadal Time Scale

Population dynamics and life history traits of the ‘giant’ limpet Scutellastra laticostata on intertidal limestone platforms at Rottnest Island, Western Australia, were recorded by interannual (January/February) monitoring of limpet density and size structure, and relocation of marked individuals, at 3 locations over periods of 13-16 yr between 1993 and 2020. Limpet densities ranged from 4 to 9 ind. m-2 on wave-swept seaward margins of platforms at 2 locations and on a rocky notch at the landward margin of the platform at a third. Juvenile recruits (25-55 mm shell length) were present each year, usually at low densities (<1 m-2), but localized pulses of recruitment occurred in some years. Annual survival rates of marked limpets varied among sites and cohorts, ranging from 0.42 yr-1 at the notch to 0.79 and 0.87 yr-1 on the platforms. A mass mortality of limpets on the platforms occurred in 2003, likely mediated by thermal stress during daytime low tides, coincident with high air temperatures and calm seas. Juveniles grew rapidly to adult size within 2 yr. Asymptotic size (L∞, von Bertalanffy growth model) ranged from 89 to 97 mm, and maximum size from 100 to 113 mm, on platforms. Growth rate and maximum size were lower on the notch. Our empirical observations and simulation models suggest that these populations are relatively stable on a decadal time scale. The frequency and magnitude of recruitment pulses and high rate of adult survival provide considerable inertia, enabling persistence of these populations in the face of sporadic climatic extremes.

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