A laboratory and glasshouse evaluation of chicken litter ash, wood ash, and iron smelting slag as liming agents and P fertilisers

Soil Research ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Yusiharni ◽  
H. Ziadi ◽  
R. J. Gilkes
Keyword(s):  
Wood Ash ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Agronomic Effectiveness ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Iron Smelting ◽  
Phosphate Mineral ◽  
Chicken Litter ◽  
Smelting Slag ◽  
Total P

Standard AOAC methods of chemical analysis have been used to characterise the industrial byproducts partly burnt chicken litter ash (CLA), totally burnt chicken litter ash (CLAT), wood ash (WA), and iron smelting slag, for use as a combined liming agent and phosphate (P) fertiliser. These materials are effective liming agents with calcium carbonate equivalence of 93–99%. Total P concentrations of CLA (3.6% P), CLAT (4.75% P), slag (0.26% P), and WA (0.44% P) indicate that they would function as P fertilisers when applied at the high rates required for liming soils. The form of P in slag is unknown; CLA and CLAT consist mostly of mixtures of the phosphate mineral apatite with calcite and quartz. WA consists mostly of calcite, quartz, and various salts. For long extraction times, total P dissolved increased in the sequence CA (citric acid) > NAC (neutral ammonium citrate) > AAC (alkaline ammonium citrate). Little apatite persisted in residues of CLA and CLAT after 120 h of CA extraction but considerable amounts of apatite remained in NAC and AAC residues. A glasshouse P-response experiment was carried out with ryegrass on an acid lateritic soil with the application of various levels of phosphate as chicken litter ash, iron smelting slag, and wood ash. Monocalcium phosphate (MCP), dicalcium phosphate (DCP), and rock phosphate (RP) were included for comparison purposes. Based on plant yield data, the relative agronomic effectiveness (RE) of DCP compared to MCP was 57%, 72%, 73%, and 94%, respectively, for 4 successive harvests, for RP was 24%, 34%, 70%, and 56%, for chicken litter ash was 13%, 16%, 33%, and 39%, for slag was 8%, 9%, 16%, and 10%, for WA was 6%, 9%, and was effectively zero for the final 2 harvests. For no extraction time was the P soluble in the 3 citrate extractants a reliable predictor of the agronomic effectiveness of these materials as P fertilisers established by plant growth measurements.

Reliability Evaluation of Hydraulic Conductivity Characteristics of Waste Wood Ash Treated Lateritic Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnson R. Oluremi ◽  
Stephen T. Ijimdiya ◽  
Adrian O. Eberemu ◽  
Kolawole J. Osinubi
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Reliability Evaluation ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Waste Wood

Lateritic Soil Treated with Waste Wood Ash As Liner in Landfill Construction

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnson R. Oluremi ◽  
Adrian O. Eberemu ◽  
Stephen T. Ijimdiya ◽  
Kolawole J. Osinubi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Volumetric Shrinkage ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Waste Wood ◽  
K Value ◽  
British Standard

ABSTRACTInherent variability in engineering properties of lateritic soil in relation to its plasticity, permeability, strength, workability, and natural moisture content, has made it an unpredictable material for use in civil engineering works, resulting in the need for its treatment by stabilization. A lateritic soil classified as A-6(6) and CL, according to American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials and Unified Soil Classification System of ASTM (2011), was treated with up to 10 percent waste wood ash (WWA). Compaction was carried out using four energies, namely, reduced British Standard light, British Standard light (BSL), West African Standard, and British Standard heavy, on samples, which were then examined for hydraulic conductivity, volumetric shrinkage, and unconfined compressive strength as major criteria for use as liner and for the development of acceptable zones. Specimens with 4 percent WWA content compacted with a minimum BSL energy satisfied the maximum hydraulic conductivity (k) value of 1 × 10−9 m/s, maximum volumetric shrinkage strain of 4 percent, and minimum unconfined compressive strength value of 200 kN/m2 required for use as liner in engineered landfills. The overall acceptable zone was enlarged for up to 4 percent WWA content, thereby accommodating higher moulding water content, but the minimum compactive effort required to achieve it became reduced. The beneficial treatment of lateritic soil with up to 4 percent WWA will perform satisfactorily as liner and covers in waste containment application and will minimize the pollution and environmental impact of wood waste disposal.

Analysis of California Bearing Ratio Values of Lime and Wood Ash Stabilized Lateritic Soil

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1479-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.O. Amu ◽  
I. K. Adewumi . ◽  
A.L. Ayodele . ◽  
R.A. Mustapha . ◽  
O.O. Ola .
Keyword(s):  
Wood Ash ◽  
California Bearing Ratio ◽  
Lateritic Soil

scholarly journals Effect of water and citrate solubility on agronomic effectiveness of acidulated phosphates in three consecutive corn crops

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 729-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. I. Prochnow ◽  
B. van Raij ◽  
J. C. Kiehl
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Agronomic Effectiveness ◽  
Water Soluble P ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Soluble P ◽  
Corn Plants

In the process of phosphate rock acidulation, several impure P compounds may be formed along with the desirable Ca and NH4 phosphates. Such compounds normally reduce the content of water-soluble P and thus the agronomic effectiveness of commercial fertilizers. In order to study this problem, a greenhouse experiment consisting of three consecutive corn crops was conducted in samples of a Red-Yellow Latosol (Typical Hapludox) in a completely randomized design (6 x 2 x 2), with four replicates. Six commercial fertilizers were added to 2 kg of soil at a rate of 70 mg kg-1 P, based on the content of soluble P in neutral ammonium citrate plus water (NAC + H2O) of the fertilizers. Fertilizer application occurred either in the original form or leached to remove the water-soluble fraction, either by mixing the fertilizer with the whole soil in the pots or with only 1 % of its volume. The corn plants were harvested 40 days after emergence to determine the shoot dry matter and accumulated P. For the first crop and localized application, the elimination of water-soluble P from the original fertilizers resulted in less bioavailable P for the plants. For the second and third crops, the effects of P source, leaching and application methods were not as evident as for the first, suggesting that the tested P sources may have similar efficiencies when considering successive cropping. The conclusion was drawn that the water-insoluble but NAC-soluble fractions of commercial P fertilizers are not necessarily inert because they can provide P in the long run.

Decomposition of Sarcocornia quinqueflora on an Iron-Smelting Slag Substrate

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
T. M. Dick ◽  
W. J. Streever ◽  
O. O. Osunkoya
Keyword(s):  
Iron Smelting ◽  
Smelting Slag

Biomass and Nutrient Accumulation During Natural Afforestation of Iron-Smelting Slag

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances C. Smith ◽  
Arthur H. Johnson ◽  
Martin Dranoff ◽  
Anne Wibiralske
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Iron Smelting ◽  
Smelting Slag

Strength enhancement in high silica wood ash stabilized lateritic soil using sodium tetraoxosulphate VI (Na2SO4) as activator

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnson R. Oluremi ◽  
Walied A. Elsaigh ◽  
Bolanle D. Ikotun ◽  
Olukorede M. Osuolale ◽  
Solomon I. Adedokun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wood Ash ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Strength Enhancement ◽  
High Silica

scholarly journals Further Evidence on the Need of Magnesium for Pineapple in Oxisols

1969 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-368
Author(s):  
E. Hernández-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Sulfate Application

Two pineapple experiments were established in Bayamón sandy clay, the most extensively used acid lateritic soil for pineapple growing in Puerto Rico. The experiments were conducted to study the effect of different amounts of magnesium sulfate applied to the soil on yields of pineapples. The influence of magnesium chelate and of foliar sprays on pineapple yields was also studied. The results obtained are briefly summarized as follows: 1. Pineapple plants supplied with magnesium were more vigorous and greener in color than similar plants not receiving this nutrient. 2. Significant heavier fruit yields were obtained from pineapple plants receiving magnesium sulfate at the various rates used as a soil application than from the pineapple plants not receiving this nutrient. 3. Magnesium chelate and magnesium sulfate foliar sprays were also responsible for significantly increasing fruit yields per acre. 4. Highest fruit yields were associated with high nutrient contents of magnesium in the leaves. 5. Highly significant correlations were found between pineapple relative yields and leaf magnesium content at two crop ages. 6. Results indicate that magnesium content of 5- and 9-month old pineapple plants can be used to predict relative crop yields. 7. Capo's new fertilizer-yield equation was used to describe the relation between the application of magnesium sulfate and the yields of pineapples. The equation fitted closely such fertilizer-yield data. 8. The optimum economic magnesium sulfate application for the two pineapple experiments discussed was determined.

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