Laboratory Rearing of the Garden Weevil, Phlyctinus Callosus Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and the Effect of Temperature on Its Growth and Survival.

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
PL Walker
Keyword(s):  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Laboratory Rearing ◽  
Growth And Survival

Age-specific life and fecundity studies on the weevil Phlyctinus callosus (Boh.) (a polyphagous pest in gardens in parts of southern Australia, especially Victoria) revealed that mortality was greatest in the immature stages and that high temperatures were lethal to eggs (>30 deg C) and larvae (>25 deg C). The intrinsic rate of natural increase was greatest at 20 deg C, and the greater proportion of its value was accounted for early in the egg-laying period. Larvae could be reared on carrot roots in the laboratory; 76% of larvae reared in this manner to the pupal stage passed through 7 instars, 12% through 6, and 12% through 8. Head-capsule width was a suitable criterion for identifying the instars. Eggs could be stored for as long as 12 weeks at 5 deg C with no loss of viability. These results are discussed in relation to control measures against the weevil.

Biological attributes and qualitative damage of Oligonychus mangiferus (Rahman & Sapra) (Acariformes: Tetranychidae) on the medicinal plant Ichnocarpus frutescens (L.) W.T. Aiton

ENTOMON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
A. A. Safeena Majeed ◽  
N. Srinivasa
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
Human Disorders ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Mite Feeding ◽  
Ichnocarpus Frutescens

Oligonychus mangiferus (Rahman & Sapra) was found infesting the medicinal plant, Ichnocarpus frutescens L. Its biology and reproduction were studied at four different constant temperature conditions in the laboratory. O. mangiferus completed its development faster (7.10 to 8.77 days) at 30° - 32°C. Its egg-laying was highest at 20°C (31.03 eggs/female), but with similar progenial sex ratio ( :? ) (1:2.68 to 1:2.84) across different temperatures. At 25°C, Mean Generation Time (T) and Doubling Time (DT) were lowest 15.26 days and 8.95 days, respectively, while, Intrinsic Rate of Natural Increase (rm) was highest (0.085 female off-springs/female/day). Feeding damage by mangiferus resulted in apparent decline in chlorophyll and flavonoid contents, while alkaloid and terpenoid contents showed increase in mite infested leaves. Observed changes in the quantity of secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids, subsequent to mite feeding was significant, owing to the medicinal value of the herb. Further investigation on these biochemical changes may throw light on more advantageous medicinal use of Ichnocarpus for treating many human disorders.

history studies of the hermaphrodite nematode Acrobeloides sp. with Pseudomonas cepacia as a food source on agar

Nematology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 759-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eeva Ikonen
Keyword(s):  
Generation Time ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Pseudomonas Cepacia ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Native Prairie ◽  
Prairie Soil ◽  
North American Prairie

AbstractThe life cycle and reproduction of a species of Acrobeloides isolated from native North American prairie soil was studied in monoxenic cultures with Pseudomonas cepacia as a food source at 23°C. The demographic parameters were calculated from cultures for the period from 0 to 15 days. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) was 0.38 days, mean total productivity of Acrobeloides sp. without predation (R0) in 15 days was 87.7, and capacity of increase (rc) was 0.36. The minimum generation time (Tmin) was 10 days, cohort generation time (Tc) 6.8 days and mean generation time (T) 18.5 days. The age of an adult female at median egg laying (T) was 7.9 days, and mortality (lx) 0.4. The estimation of consumption of Acrobeloides sp. by nematophagous mites, expressed in organic carbon content, was 0.22 μg day-1. Based on laboratory experiments, this Acrobeloides sp. from native prairie soil does not have a high ability for population growth with Pseudomonas cepacia as food source at 23°C.

Effect of temperature on development and population growth rates of Spilostethus pandurus (Scopoli) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) in Giza, Egypt

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. El-Shazly
Keyword(s):  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Instantaneous Rate ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Population Growth Rates ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Spilostethus Pandurus

AbstractThe effects of temperature on the life history of Spilostethus pandurus (Scopoli) were examined by determining the different developmental and reproductive parameters with respect to days of hatching, oviposition, and adult emergence of insects reared in field cages at Giza, Egypt. Hatching, oviposition, and adult emergence continued all year round; the average daily temperature in the coldest month (January) seemed to be above developmental thresholds for different stages. This lygaeid completed six overlapping generations in 1 year. The basic population parameters, i.e. net reproductive rate (R0), gross reproductive rate (GRR), instantaneous rate of natural increase (r), finite rate of natural increase (λ), and mean generation time (T) exhibited a more or less cyclic pattern in successive generations. The highest value of r (rmax) was considered as the intrinsic rate of natural increase of this species.

Comparative development, longevity and population growth of exotic and native parasitoids of lepidopteran cereal stemborers in Kenya

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Mbapila ◽  
W.A. Overholt
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Cotesia Flavipes ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Cotesia Sesamiae ◽  
Comparative Development ◽  
Native Parasitoids ◽  
The Mean

AbstractStudies on the effect of temperature on the development, longevity and population growth of Cotesia flavipes Cameron and Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron) indicated that the development of both Cotesia spp. from oviposition to cocoon formation and adult emergence was inversely to temperature. The longevity of the parasitoids was also inversely related to temperature. Both parasitoids lived longer when moisture and food (agar + honey/water) were provided. The mean number of females and total adult progeny produced by C. flavipes on two host were, in most cases, higher than C. sesamiae. The intrinsic rate of natural increase of C. flavipes was higher than that of C. sesamiae.

The Effect of Temperature on the Growth Rate and Survival of the Immature Stages of Aëdes aegypti (L.).

1958 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micha Bar-Zeev
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Thermal Constant ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae ◽  
Number Of Individuals

The effect of temperature on the growth rate and survival of the immature stages of Aëdes aegypti (L.) was studied by rearing them at each of a series of constant temperatures from 14–38°C. in water to which adequate food (bakers' yeast) was added. Larvae were hatched, by immersing eggs in water, in four successive groups with an interval of six hours between each, and six hours after the last group hatched, and every 24 hours thereafter, those surviving in each group were recorded and transferred to fresh water and food, the exuviae remaining being recorded. The average time at which any given stage was reached was taken as the mid-point of the 6-hr. period within which the number of individuals that had completed the previous stage reached 50 per cent, of the total that finally did so.The curve relating temperature and time of development from newly hatched larva to adult is hyperbolic, except at the extremes. The later the instar, the lower is the temperature at which growth is most rapid. The threshold of development was between 9° and 10°C., the developmental zero 13.3°C., and the average thermal constant (between 16° and 32°C.) 2,741 degree-hours. The highest and lowest temperatures permitting development from newly hatched larva to adult were 36° and 14°C., respectively. The average durations of the four successive larval stages and the pupal stage, expressed as percentages of the time taken for newly hatched larvae to reach the adult stage, were 14.6, 13.9, 17.5, 33.3 and 20.6, respectively.

The Effect of Temperature on the Immature Stages of Culiseta inornata (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Laboratory

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Hanec ◽  
R. A. Brust
Keyword(s):  
High Mortality ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Late Instar ◽  
Culiseta Inornata

AbstractA study was initiated to determine the effects of various constant and alternating temperatures on the survival and development of the immature stages of Culiseta inornata (Williston). Eggs did not hatch at 2° and 5 °C. but at 10°, 15°, 21° and 26 °C. between 83 and 96% hatched. Larvae required up to 239 days to reach the pupal stage at 5 °C. but no adults emerged at this temperature. The optimum temperature for rearing C. inornata was near 21 °C. Temperatures below 21 °C. caused an extended period of development; above 21 °C. high mortality occurred among late instar larvae and pupae.

Influence of temperature on life history traits of the free-living, bacterial-feeding nematode Panagrolaimus sp. strain NFS-24

Nematology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 939-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhana Ayub ◽  
Olaf Strauch ◽  
Laurent Seychelles ◽  
Ralf-Udo Ehlers
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Population Doubling ◽  
Food Density ◽  
Hanging Drop ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Hanging Drop Method

Life cycle analysis data of the free-living, bacterial-feeding Panagrolaimus sp. strain NFS 24-5 were assessed at different temperatures using a hanging drop method with single male and female individuals and a food density of 3 × 109 Escherichia coli cells ml−1. Lifespan at the moment when the first egg was laid was 5.7 days at 21°C and 4 days at 25, 27 and 29°C. The intrinsic rate of natural increase () was 0.53 at 21°C, 0.81 at 25°C, 0.93 at 27°C and 0.81 at 29°C, corresponding to population doubling times () of 1.3, 0.9, 0.7 and 0.9 days, respectively. Over 200 offspring per female were produced at 27°C. All other temperatures yielded fewer offspring. When females were kept without males, the life span was 49 days, whereas the last reproductive female (hanging drop with male individual) died after 16.5 days. These data will contribute to the interpretation of nematode population dynamics recorded in liquid culture.

Identification of Nymphal Instars of Mecidea major Sailer and Mecidea minor Ruckes (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Mecideini) from the Southwestern and Central United States

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4958 (1) ◽  
pp. 479-488
Author(s):  
J. E. MCPHERSON ◽  
C. SCOTT BUNDY
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Laboratory Rearing ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Heteroptera Pentatomidae

The mecideine stink bug genus Mecidea is represented in America north of Mexico by three species: Mecidea major Sailor, Mecidea minor Ruckes, and Mecidea longula Stål. M. major and M. minor are widely distributed, occurring collectively from the Midwest to California. M. longula is known only from south Florida. The life histories of M. major and M. minor have been published including laboratory rearing from egg to adult and descriptions of the immature stages. However, no key has been developed for identification of the nymphs of these two species. Here, we present a key to the nymphs of these taxa to the species and instar levels. 

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