scholarly journals In-place molecular preservation of cellulose in 5,000-year-old archaeological textiles

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (33) ◽  
pp. 19670-19676
Author(s):  
Corentin Reynaud ◽  
Mathieu Thoury ◽  
Alexandre Dazzi ◽  
Gaël Latour ◽  
Mario Scheel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Near East ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Metal Cations ◽  
Metal Artifacts ◽  
Fundamental Interest ◽  
Exceptional Collection ◽  
Material Sciences ◽  
Cellulosic Textiles ◽  
Mineralized Fibers

The understanding of fossilization mechanisms at the nanoscale remains extremely challenging despite its fundamental interest and its implications for paleontology, archaeology, geoscience, and environmental and material sciences. The mineralization mechanism by which cellulosic, keratinous, and silk tissues fossilize in the vicinity of archaeological metal artifacts offers the most exquisite preservation through a mechanism unexplored on the nanoscale. It is at the center of the vast majority of ancient textiles preserved under nonextreme conditions, known through extremely valuable fragments. Here we show the reconstruction of the nanoscale mechanism leading to the preservation of an exceptional collection of ancient cellulosic textiles recovered in the ancient Near East (4,000 to 5,000 years ago). We demonstrate that even the most mineralized fibers, which contain inorganic compounds throughout their histology, enclose preserved cellulosic remains in place. We evidence a process that combines the three steps of water transport of biocidal metal cations and soil solutes, degradation and loss of crystallinity of cellulosic polysaccharides, and silicification.

scholarly journals Development of a thermodynamic approach to assist the control of the precipitation of hydroxyapatites and associated calcium phosphates in open systems

CrystEngComm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corentin Reynaud ◽  
Cyril Thomas ◽  
Sandra Casale ◽  
Sophie Nowak ◽  
Guylene Costentin
Keyword(s):  
Open Systems ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Thermodynamic Approach ◽  
Fundamental Interest ◽  
Material Sciences ◽  
Practical Implications

The understanding of the precipitation mechanisms of calcium phosphates (CaPs) remains extremely challenging despite its fundamental interest for material sciences and its practical implications in medicine, paleosciences, and chemistry, especially...

Message from the Guest Editors

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Engin Baysen
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Near East ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Related Field ◽  
North Cyprus ◽  
Composites Materials ◽  
Science Paper ◽  
Material Sciences

It is the great honor for me to edit proceedings of “3rd Global Conference on Materials Sciences (GCMAS 2017)” 28-30 August 2017, Bahcesehir University Besiktas Campus, Istanbul, Turkey. This privileged scientific event has been contributing to the field of educational research for three years. As the guest editor of this issue, I am glad to see variety of articles focusing on share and discuss the ideas and both theoretical and practical knowledge about approaches, problems, new trends, applications, technology, proficiencies and standards in material sciences. The scope of the conference includes, but is not limited to; the following major topics as they relate to the Material Sciences; Materials Science, Biomaterials, Materials Science, CeramicsMaterials Science, Characterization & Testing, Materials Science, Coatings & Films, Materials Science, Composites, Materials Science, Multidisciplinary, Materials Science, Paper & Wood, Materials Science, Textiles….. Furthermore, the conference is getting more international each year, which is an indicator that it is getting world widely known and recognized. Scholars from all over the world contribute to the conference. Special thanks are to all the reviewers, the members of the international editorial board, the publisher, and those involved in technical processes. We would like to thank all who contributed to every process to make this issue actualized. A total of 41 full papers or abstracts were submitted for this conference and each paper has been peer reviewed by the reviewers specialized in the related field. At the end of the review process, a total of 10 high quality research papers were selected and accepted for publication. I hope that you will enjoy reading the papers. Best Regards Guest Editors Assist. Prof. Dr. Engin Baysen, Near East University, North Cyprus Editorial Assistant Zeynep Genc, Msc. Near East University, North Cyprus

High-resolution nucleic acid sequence mapping via in situ hybridization at the Electron Microscope level

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 752-753
Author(s):  
B.A. Hamkalo ◽  
S. Narayanswami ◽  
A.P. Kausch
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Interphase Nucleus ◽  
Genome Mapping ◽  
Precise Location ◽  
Electron Microscope Level ◽  
Rna Sequences ◽  
Fundamental Interest ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Dna And Rna

The availability of nonradioactive methods to label nucleic acids an the resultant rapid and greater sensitivity of detection has catapulted the technique of in situ hybridization to become the method of choice to locate of specific DNA and RNA sequences on chromosomes and in whole cells in cytological preparations in many areas of biology. It is being applied to problems of fundamental interest to basic cell and molecular biologists such as the organization of the interphase nucleus in the context of putative functional domains; it is making major contributions to genome mapping efforts; and it is being applied to the analysis of clinical specimens. Although fluorescence detection of nucleic acid hybrids is routinely used, certain questions require greater resolution. For example, very closely linked sequences may not be separable using fluorescence; the precise location of sequences with respect to chromosome structures may be below the resolution of light microscopy(LM); and the relative positions of sequences on very small chromosomes may not be feasible.

Nuclear Reactions in Deuterium Titanium

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
D.M. Vanderwalker
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Exothermic Reaction ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Fundamental Interest ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Iodide Titanium ◽  
A Cell ◽  
After Hours ◽  
Quantity Of Heat

There is a fundamental interest in electrochemical fusion of deuterium in palladium and titanium since its supposed discovery by Fleischmann and Pons. Their calorimetric experiments reveal that a large quantity of heat is released by Pd after hours in a cell, suggesting fusion occurs. They cannot explain fusion by force arguments, nor can it be an exothermic reaction on the formation of deuterides because a smaller quantity of heat is released. This study examines reactions of deuterium in titanium.Both iodide titanium and 99% pure titanium samples were encapsulated in vacuum tubes, annealed for 2h at 800 °C. The Ti foils were charged with deuterium in a D2SO4 D2O solution at a potential of .45V with respect to a calomel reference junction. Samples were ion beam thinned for transmission electron microscopy. The TEM was performed on the JEOL 200CX.The structure of D charged titanium is α-Ti with hexagonal and fee deuterides.

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