scholarly journals The cell wall components peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid from Staphylococcus aureus act in synergy to cause shock and multiple organ failure.

1995 ◽  
Vol 92 (22) ◽  
pp. 10359-10363 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. De Kimpe ◽  
M. Kengatharan ◽  
C. Thiemermann ◽  
J. R. Vane
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Wall Components

scholarly journals Synthetic carbohydrate-based cell wall components from Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Berni ◽  
Jacopo Enotarpi ◽  
Thijs Voskuilen ◽  
Sizhe Li ◽  
Gijs A. van der Marel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Synthetic Carbohydrate ◽  
Wall Components

scholarly journals Gram Positive Bacterial Lipoteichoic Acid Role in a Root Canal Infection – A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinoo Subramaniam Ramachandran ◽  
Mensudar Rathakrishnan ◽  
Malathy Balaraman Ravindrran ◽  
Alargarsamy Venkatesh ◽  
Vidhya Shankari Shanmugasundaram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Immune Surveillance ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Endodontic Infection ◽  
Wall Components

Bacteria and its by-products are found to be the main cause of pulpal and periapical infection of tooth. Infected root canals of tooth harbours a wide variation of microbial flora that includes both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Bacterial components such as Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gram negative bacteria and Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA) of gram positive bacteria have the potential to enter the peri-apical tissue of tooth and initiate the inflammatory process. After microbial death that occurs either due to body’s defence cells or by antibiotic action, bacterial cell wall components such as LTA are released which can persist inside macrophages for prolonged periods causing chronic inflammation. Once these cell-wall components are recognized by the body immune surveillance cells, numerous inflammatory mediators are released leading to inflammation and subsequent pathological consequences. The purpose of this review is intend to summarize the role of gram positive bacterial component LTA in causing endodontic infection and use of potential therapeutic agents against LTA.

scholarly journals Mechanism of Gram-positive Shock: Identification of Peptidoglycan and Lipoteichoic Acid Moieties Essential in the Induction of Nitric Oxide Synthase, Shock, and Multiple Organ Failure

1998 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken M. Kengatharan ◽  
Sjef De Kimpe ◽  
Caroline Robson ◽  
Simon J. Foster ◽  
Christoph Thiemermann
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
No Formation

The incidence of septic shock caused by gram-positive bacteria has risen markedly in the last few years. It is largely unclear how gram-positive bacteria (which do not contain endotoxin) cause shock and multiple organ failure. We have discovered recently that two cell wall fragments of the pathogenic gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and peptidoglycan (PepG), synergize to cause the induction of nitric oxide (NO) formation, shock, and organ injury in the rat. We report here that a specific fragment of PepG, N-acetylglucosamine-β-[1→ 4]-N-acetylmuramyl-l-alanine–d-isoglutamine, is the moiety within the PepG polymer responsible for the synergism with LTA (or the cytokine interferon γ) to induce NO formation in the murine macrophage cell line J774.2. However, this moiety is also present in the PepG of the nonpathogenic bacterium Bacillus subtilis. We have discovered subsequently that S. aureus LTA synergizes with PepG from either bacterium to cause enhanced NO formation, shock, and organ injury in the rat, whereas the LTA from B. subtilis does not synergize with PepG of either bacterium. Thus, we propose that the structure of LTA determines the ability of a particular bacterium to cause shock and multiple organ failure (pathogenicity), while PepG acts to amplify any response induced by LTA.

CLINICAL, LABORATORY CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT RESULT OF PATIENTS WITH SEVERE SEPSIS AT DAK LAK GENERAL HOSPITAL 2016 – 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Lich Pham Van ◽  
Chuong Tran Xuan ◽  
Thuy Nguyen Le Lam
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Apache Ii Score ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
E Coli

Background: Severe sepsis is a sepsis leading to organ dysfunction. It has rapid progression, multiple organ damage and high mortality. Patients and Methods: Prospective study was performed on 78 patients diagnosed clinically severe sepsis, hospitalized and treated at the ICU of the Dak Lak General Hospital, from April, 2016 to June, 2017. Results: The mean age was 56.55 ± 18.40 years. The rate of positive blood cultures was 57.7%, the majority of bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. 62.8% of patients recovered from the disease, 37.2% died. Mortality rates associated with respiratory, skin- mucosal and gastrointestinal sources were 46.7%, 42.9% and 36.4%, respectively. The high mortality rate related to factors such as primary sources of infection, age (0.0325), respiratory failure (p < 0.001), multiple organ failure (p=0.0015), APACHE II score (mean: 22.83 ± 8.15 (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The common bacteria causing severe sepsis were Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. Factors related to mortality were age, male, respiratory failure, multiple organ failure, APACHE II score. Key words: severe sepsis, treatment, Dak Lak General hospital

scholarly journals Characteristics of Surfactant Protein A and D Binding to Lipoteichoic Acid and Peptidoglycan, 2 Major Cell Wall Components of Gram‐Positive Bacteria

2001 ◽  
Vol 184 (9) ◽  
pp. 1143-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Koenraad van de Wetering ◽  
Martin van Eijk ◽  
Lambert M. G. van Golde ◽  
Thomas Hartung ◽  
Jos A. G. van Strijp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Surfactant Protein ◽  
Surfactant Protein A ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Wall Components
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