Cercospora beticola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Cercospora Beticola ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Spinacea Oleracea

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora beticola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Beta ciclae, B. maritima (wild sea beet), B. putternulaei, B. trigyna, B. vulgaris (beet, sugar beet), Chenopodium ambrosioides (wormseed), C. beticola, C. murale, C. polyspermi, C. urbicum, Spinacea oleracea (spinach). DISEASE: Causing whitish, grey or pale brown spots usually surrounded by a narrow reddish-purple or brown border on living and wilting leaves. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Malawi, Mauritius, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe), Asia (Hong Kong, India, Malaya, Nepal, Pakistan), East Indies (Borneo, Papua New Guinea), Europe (Channel Isles, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, England, France, Germany, Italy, Malta, Poland, Roumania, Switzerland), Middle East (Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Oman, Turkey), North America (USA), South America (Venezuela), West Indies (Antigua, Cuba, Jamaica). TRANSMISSION: Wind dispersal of conidia showed diurnal periodicity with a peak at 10.00 hrs. The increase in concentration of conidia above the crop coincided with an increase in wind speed and temperature and a decrease in RH. The largest number of conidia were trapped on warm dry days following rain or overnight dew (50, 362). Epiphytotics were proceeded by periods of 6h at more than 90% RH for 3-4 successive days and at a temperature of more than 12.5°C (55, 1205).

Cercospora duddiae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Little
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Necrotic Tissue ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Water Splash

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora duddiae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Allium ascalonicum, A. cepa, A. fistulosum, A porrum, A. sativum. DISEASE: Leaf spot or withertip on onion and garlic. The symptoms vary on the different host species. On onion circular, chlorotic spots 3-5 mm diam. form mainly on the tip of the leaf, gradually decreasing in number towards the leaf base. The lesions at the leaf tip coalesce, forming a dry greyish-brown area, and in severe cases the entire leaf tip may be killed. The base of the leaf is mottled with brown necrotic leaf spots. Eventually the necrotic tissue may spread down the leaf surface, delimited by a narrow band (3 mm) of chlorotic tissue (Welles, 1923). Rarely does the disease cause much damage (Chupp & Sherf, 1960). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Mauritius, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Uganda; Asia: Borneo, Brunei, Burma, India, Indonesia, Oman, The Yemen; Australasia: Papua New Guinea; North America: West Indies (Barbados, Jamaica). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne or water-splash dispersed conidia, and by transportation with onion parts. The fungus is also reported to be seed borne (Chupp & Sherf, 1960).

Nigrospora sphaerica. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Windward Islands

Abstract A description is provided for Nigrospora sphaerica. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Abelmoschus, Acacia, Acropera, Album, Ananas, Anthurium, Amaranthus, Andropogon, Arachis, Aralia, Araucaria, Areca, Argemone, Artocarpus, Arundinaria, Asparagus, Axonopus, Bambusa, Banhinia, Bridelia, Brassica, Cajanus, Calamus, Calotropis, Camellia, Capsicum, Cardamomum, Carex, Carica, Coriandrum, Cenchrus, Centrosema, Chasmopodium, Chloris, Cicer, Cinnamomum, Citrullus, Citrus, Cocos, Coffea, Coix, Cola, Colea, Coriandrum, Crotalaria, Cucumis, Culcasia, Cupressus, Cymbopogon, Cyperus, Dianthus, Dichanthium, Dioscorea, Elaeis, Emblica, Erianthus, Eriobotrya, Eucalyptus, Euphorbia, Feronia, Ficus, Fragaria, Gladiolus, Glycine, Gomphrena, Gossypium, Hevea, Hibiscus, Hordeum, Hydrangea, Hymantrudae, Hyparrhenia, Ipomoea, Jatropha, Lactuca, Luffa, Lycopersicon, Macadamia, Mormodica, Morus, Lathyrus, Malus, Mangifera, Musa, Nicotiana, Neomarica, Nephelium, Nothofagus, Oncidium, Ophiuros, Oryza, Oxytenanthera, Panicum, Papaver, Pelargonium, Pennisetum, Pueraria, Phalaenopsis, Phaseolus, Phragmites, Physalis, Pinus, Piper, Pistia, Populus, Prunus, Pseudotsuga, Psidium, Psophocarpus, Pyrethrum, Raphanus, Ricinus, Robinia, Rosa, Rottboellia, Saccharum, Salvia, Shorea, Solanum, Sorghum, Sporobolus, Sphenoclea, Stevia, Stigmaphyllon, Strychnos, Tabebuia, Tabemaemontana, Theobroma, Trichosanthes, Trigonella, Triticum, Vicia, Vitex, Xanthosoma, Zea, Zizyphus; also from air, animals (including man and Ceroplastus), soil and plant debris, and stored foods. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; frequently encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprophyte. Associated with 'squirter' and 'black end' disease of banana. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Cameroon, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Spain (Canary Islands), Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. ASIA: Bangladesh, Brunei, Burma, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Nepal, Pakistan, Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah), Philippines, Sarawak, Sri Lanka, Syria. AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA: Australia, Fiji, Guadalcanal, New Zealand, Norfolk Islands, Papua New Guinea, Tonga. EUROPE: Italy, Turkey, UK. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES: Cuba, Honduras, Jamaica, Trinidad, Windward Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: By unknown means.

Apiospora montagnei. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Windward Islands

Abstract A description is provided for Apiospora montagnei. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Acer, Agropyron, Ammophila, Andropogon, Arachis, Areca, Aristida, Arundinaria, Bambusa, Brassica, Capsicum, Carex, Chrysanthemum, Cicer, Cinnamomum, Coffea, Colocasia, Coriandrum, Cortaderia, Cucumis, Cupressus, Cynodon, Cyperus, Dactylis, Dendrocalamus, Desmostachya, Deschampsia, Dioscorea, Dolichos, Donax, Elaeis, Elymus, Eucalyptus, Eugenia, Fagus, Ficus, Fragaria, Fraxinus, Gossypium, Hippocratea, Holcus, Hordeum, Hyparrhenia, Ilex, Lactuca, Lens, Leucaena, Lycopersicon, Malus, Manihot, Musa, Myrica, Nectandra, Nicotiana, Ochlandra, Oryza, Oxytenanthera, Phalaris, Phenacoccus, Phragmites, Pinus, Pisum, Prunus, Psamma, Pseudotsuga, Pyrus, Ricinus, Rottboellia, Saccharum, Sambucus, Sesamum, Solanum, Sorindeia, Spartinia, Spiraea, Stylosanthes, Themeda, Theobroma, Triticum, Urtica, Vigna, Vitis, Zea; also from air, animals, hay, food (bread, dried peas), molasses, soil and plant debris. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; frequently encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprophyte. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius, Namibia, Nigeria, Portugal (Azores), Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. ASIA: Burma, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah), Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand. AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA: Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Solomon Islands, USA (Hawaii). EUROPE: Belgium, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Eire, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Rumania, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, UK, USSR. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES: Cuba, Jamaica, Windward Islands. SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: By unknown means.

Pithomyces sacchari. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Stored Grain

Abstract A description is provided for Pithomyces sacchari. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Abrus, Anacardium, Ananas, Andropogon, Areca, Aristida, Arundinella, Borassus, Cajanus, Camellia, Canavalia, Casuarina, Citrus, Coffea, Coix, Cycas, Cynodon, Dioscorea, Elaeis, Eucalyptus, Gladiolus, Imperata, Lolium, Lucerne, Medicago, Musa, Nicotiana, Ophiuros, Oryza, Peltophorum, Rhus, Saccharum, Sesamum, Sorghum, Themeda, Triticum, Vigna, Withania, Zea; also from air, food (milk, stored grain), soil and plant debris, textiles, and wood. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; frequently encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprophyte. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Egypt, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. ASIA: Hong Kong, India, Papua New Guinea, Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah), Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka. AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA: Australia, Guadalcanal, New Caledonia, USA (Hawaii). NORTH AMERICA: USA. CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES: Jamaica, Trinidad. SOUTH AMERICA: Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: By unknown means.

Pseudocercospora abelmoschi. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Middle East ◽  
South America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
West Indies ◽  
East Indies ◽  
New Hebrides

Abstract A description is provided for Pseudocercospora abelmoschi. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On species of Hibiscus, especially H. esculentus. DISEASE: Causes a leaf spot or blight on Hibiscus spp. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda), Asia (Burma, India, Nepal, Pakistan), East Indies (Brunei, Malaya, New Hebrides, Philippines, Sarawak, Taiwan), Middle East (Yemen), Europe (Italy: San Domingo), North America (USA), West Indies (Antigua, Grenada, Jamaica, St. Vincent, Trinidad), South America (Venezuela). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne conidia.

Cintractia peribebuyensis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. M. Mordue
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New York ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus

Abstract A description is provided for Cintractia peribebuyensis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Cyperus rotundus and other Cyperus spp. including C. compressus, C. corymbosus, C. cyperoides, C. digitatus, C. distans, C. dubius, C. esculentus, C. grayii, C. ligularis, C. longus, C. macrocarpus, C. malaccensis, C. ornans, C. polystachyus, C. sphacelatus, C. tuberosus, C. zollingeri. DISEASE: Inflorescence smut of Cyperus. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zaire; Asia: Burma, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan; Australasia and Oceania: Papua New Guinea, Tahiti; North America: Mexico, USA (Alabama, Delaware, MD, New Jersey, New York; 69, 2765); Central America and West Indies: Cuba, Dominica, Jamaica, Puerto Rico; South America: Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: No detailed studies have been reported.

Cercospora capsici. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Leaf Spots

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora capsici. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Capsicum annuum and C. frutescens. DISEASE: Causing circular, whitish, grey or brown, often brown or reddish brown bordered leaf spots. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Ghana, Malawi, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe), Asia (Bangladesh, India, Malaya, Nepal), East Indies (Brunei, Indonesia, Sarawak), South America (Venezuela), West Indies (Cuba, Jamaica, Trinidad). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne conidia.

Stachybotrys theobromae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Plant Debris

Abstract A description is provided for Stachybotrys theobromae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Chlorophora, Hura, Persea, Theobroma. Also from dead branches. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; frequently encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprobe. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Ghana, Nigeria, Sierra Leone. Asia: India, Malaysia (Sabah), Papua New Guinea. Central America and West Indies: Trinidad TRANSMISSION: Presumably via conidia dispersed by air or water, or movement of infected soil or plant debris.

Pithomyces maydicus. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia

Abstract A description is provided for Pithomyces maydicus. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Albizzia, Andropogon, Brassica, Cacuo, Calapogonium, Centrosema, Chasmopodium, Cinnamomum, Citrus, Coix, Colocasia, Elaeis, Gladiolus, Glycine, Hevea, Lycopersicon, Mangifera, Ochlandra, Oryza, Pinus, Pueraria, Podocarpus, Salvinia, Saccharum, Sorghum, Theobroma, Vanda, Vitex, Zea; also from soil and wood. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; frequently encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprophyte. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Ghana, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo. ASIA: Bangladesh, Brunei, India, Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah), Sri Lanka. AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA: New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES: Honduras, Jamaica. SOUTH AMERICA: Ecuador, Guyana, Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: By unknown means.

Mycosphaerella cruenta. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Plant Debris

Abstract A description is provided for Mycosphaerella cruenta. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Phaseolus, Vigna; also Calopogonium, Lablab niger, Mucuna and Stizolobium deeringianum[Mucuna pruriens]. DISEASE: Leaf spot of cowpeas. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Egypt, Ghana, Liberia, Malawi, Niger, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Rwanda, Togo, Uganda, Zambia. Asia: Bangladesh, Brunei, Burma, China, Hong Kong, India Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan. Australasia & Oceania: Fiji, Papua New Guinea. Central America & West Indies: Barbados, Cuba, Grenada, Guatemala, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, St Lucia, St Vincent, Trinidad. North America: Canada, USA. South America: Bolivia, Brazil, Guyana, Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: Presumably by windborne ascospores and conidia, and by mycelium in soil on infected plant debris.

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