Meliola clerodendricola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Republic Of Congo

Abstract A description is provided for M. clerodendricola. Information on symptoms of the disease caused by this fungus, host range (Clerodendrum spp., Gmelina spp., Lantana spp. and Vitex spp.), geographical distribution (Cameroon; Democratic Republic of Congo; Ghana; Nigeria; Sierra Leone; Sudan; Togo; Uganda; Hainan, China; West Bengal, India; Indonesia; Japan; Malaysia; Myanmar; Philippines; Vietnam; Queensland, Australia; and Cuba) and transmission is included.

Meliola clavulata. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Sao Tome And Principe

Abstract A description is provided for M. clavulata. Information on the symptoms of the disease caused by this fungus, hosts (Argyreia spp., Calonyction spp., Hewittia sublobata, Ipomoea spp., Merremia spp., Quamoclit coccinea [I. coccinea], Rivea corymbosa, Stictocardia tiliifolia and Turbina corymbosa), geographical distribution (Cameroon; Democratic Republic of Congo; Ghana; São Tomé and Principe; Sierra Leone; Tanzania; Uganda; Mexico; Costa Rica; Honduras; Panama; Pernambuco and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Ecuador; Guyana; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; and Trinidad and Tobago) and transmission is included.

Meliola hyptidis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum

Abstract A description is provided for M. hyptidis. Information on symptoms of the disease caused by this fungus, hosts (Coleus sp., Hoslundia opposita, H. oppositifolia, Hyptis capitata, H. suaveolens, Hyptis sp., Leucas sp., Ocimum gratissimum, O. viride, Ocimum sp., Platystoma africana, Plectranthus ciliatus and Stachys sp.), geographical distribution (Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Togo, Uganda, Brazil, Venezuela and Philippines), and transmission is included.

Chaetomium strumarium. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Horticultural Crops

Abstract C. strumarium is described and illustrated. Information on diseases caused by C. strumarium, host range (field and horticultural crops, trees, dung, man and artefacts), geographical distribution (Algeria, Canary Islands, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Gambia, Kenya, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, USA, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand, Western Australia, Germany, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Cyprus, Israel, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia), and transmission is provided.

scholarly journals How should community health workers in fragile contexts be supported: Qualitative evidence from Sierra Leone, Liberia and Democratic Republic of Congo

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Raven ◽  
Haja Wurie ◽  
Ayesha Idriss ◽  
Abdulai Jawo Bah ◽  
Amuda Baba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Background: Community Health Workers (CHWs) are critical players in fragile settings, where staff shortages are particularly acute, health indicators are poor and progress towards Universal Health Coverage is slow. Like other health workers, CHWs need support to contribute effectively to health programmes and promote health equity. Yet the evidence base of what kind of support works best is weak. We present evidence from three fragile settings - Sierra Leone, Liberia and Democratic Republic of Congo on managing CHWs, and synthesise recommendations for best approaches to support this critical cadre.Methods: We used a qualitative study design to explore how CHWs are managed, the challenges they face and potential solutions. We conducted interviews with decision makers and managers (n=37), life history interviews with CHWs (n=15) and reviewed policy documents. Results: Fragility disrupts education of community members so that they may not have the literacy levels required for the CHW role. This has implications for the selection, role, training and performance of CHWs. Policy preferences about selection need discussion at the community level, so that they reflect community realities. CHWs scope of work is varied and may change over time, requiring ongoing training. The modular, local, and mix of practical and classroom training approach worked well, helping to address gender and literacy challenges and developing a supportive cohort of CHWs. A package of supervision, community support, regular provision of supplies, performance rewards and regular remuneration is vital to retention and performance of CHWs. But there are challenges with supervision, scarcity of supplies, inadequate community recognition and unfulfilled promises about allowances. Clear communication about incentives with facility staff and communities is required as is their timely delivery.Conclusions: This is the first study that has explored the management of CHWs in fragile settings. CHWs interface role between communities and health systems is critical because of their embedded positionality and the trusting relationships they (often) have. Their challenges are aligned to those generally faced by CHWs but chronic fragility exacerbates them and requires innovative problem solving to ensure that countries and communities are not left behind in reforming the way that CHWs are supported.

Meliola paulliniae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul

Abstract A description is provided for M. paulliniae. Information on the disease caused by this fungus, hosts (Casearia guianensis, Paullinia cururu, P. pinnata, Paullinia sp., Serjania atrolineata, S. incana, S. polyphylla, S. triquetra and Serjania sp.), geographical distribution (Democratic Republic of Congo; Ghana; Nigeria; Sierra Leone; Sudan; Togo; Uganda; Mexico; Costa Rica; Honduras; Panama; Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Venezuela; India; Barbados; Cuba; Dominican Republic; Puerto Rico; and Trinidad and Tobago), and transmission is included.

Meliola psychotriae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Forest Tree

Abstract A description is provided for M. psychotriae. Information on the disease caused by this fungus, hosts (including some horticultural and forest tree species), geographical distribution (Democratic Republic of Congo; Ethiopia; Ghana; Nigeria; Sierra Leone; South Africa, Tanzania; Togo; Uganda; Florida and Hawaii, USA; Minas Gerais and São Paulo, Brazil; Ecuador; Venezuela; Hainan, China; Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, India; Indonesia; Myanmar; Philippines; Barbados; Cuba; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Grenada; and Puerto Rico), and transmission is included.

scholarly journals How should community health workers in fragile contexts be supported: Qualitative evidence from Sierra Leone, Liberia and Democratic Republic of Congo

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Raven ◽  
Haja Wurie ◽  
Ayesha Idriss ◽  
Abdulai Jawo Bah ◽  
Amuda Baba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Background Community Health Workers (CHWs) are critical players in fragile settings, where staff shortages are particularly acute, health indicators are poor and progress towards Universal Health Coverage is slow. Like other health workers, CHWs need support to contribute effectively to health programmes and promote health equity. Yet the evidence base of what kind of support works best is weak. We present evidence from three fragile settings - Sierra Leone, Liberia and Democratic Republic of Congo on managing CHWs, and synthesise recommendations for best approaches to support this critical cadre.Methods We used a qualitative study design to explore how CHWs are managed, the challenges they face and potential solutions. We conducted interviews with decision makers and managers (n = 37), life history interviews with CHWs (n = 15) and reviewed policy documents.Results Fragility disrupts education of community members so that they may not have the literacy levels required for the CHW role. This has implications for selection, role, training and performance of CHWs. Policy preferences about selection need discussion at the community level, so that they reflect community realities. CHWs scope of work is varied and may change over time, requiring ongoing training. The modular, local, and mix of practical and classroom training approach worked well, helping to address gender and literacy challenges and develop a supportive cohort of CHWs. A package of supervision, community support, regular provision of supplies, performance rewards and regular remuneration is vital to retention and performance of CHWs. But there are challenges with supervision, scarcity of supplies, inadequate community recognition and unfulfilled promises about allowances. Clear communication about incentives with facility staff and communities is required as is their timely delivery.Conclusions This is the first study that has explored the management of CHWs in fragile settings. CHWs interface role between communities and health systems is critical because of their embedded positionality and the trust they (often) have. Their challenges are aligned to those generally faced by CHWs but chronic fragility exacerbates them and requires innovative problem solving to ensure that countries and communities are not left behind in reforming the way that CHWs are supported.

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