Ecogeographic and genetic determinants of kernel weight and colour of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) populations in Israel

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoxiong Chen ◽  
Tatiana Suprunova ◽  
Tamar Krugman ◽  
Tzion Fahima ◽  
Eviatar Nevo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Ecological Stress ◽  
Colour Category ◽  
Small Kernel

The aim of this study was to establish associations of kernel weight and colour with ecogeographic factors and molecular markers, based on ten wild barley [Hordeum spontaneum (C. Koch) Thell.] populations sampled in Israel across a southward transect of increasing aridity. Kernel weight and colour category were scored using barley kernels (naked caryopsis). Small kernel sizes (0.011 g kernel–1) and dark kernels were found in xeric populations. A higher variation of kernel weight was observed in xeric populations. A higher proportion of variation occurred within, rather than among, populations. Water, temperature and soil factors were associated with kernel size variation. Among 18 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) investigated, HVM14, HVM36, HVM43, BMS64 and BMS90 were associated with kernel weight, and HVM68 with kernel colour. The results indicated that high phenotypic variation and genetic diversity are related to ecological stress, and that the association of phenotypic traits with molecular markers, based on natural plant populations, should be interpreted cautiously due to the high chance of spurious associations between traits and molecular markers.

Genome size variation in Hordeum spontaneum populations

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1094-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Turpeinen ◽  
Johanna Kulmala ◽  
Eviatar Nevo
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum ◽  
Genome Size Variation ◽  
Propidium Iodide Staining ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Correlations

Populations of wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum (C. Koch), originating from 10 ecologically and geographically different sites in Israel, were assessed for genome size. Measurements were obtained by flow cytometry using propidium iodide staining. Genome sizes ranged from 9.35 to 9.81 pg. Variance analysis indicated a significant difference between populations. Genome sizes were positively correlated with mean January temperature. Our results corroborate previous findings of intraspecific variation in genome size from different plant species. The positive correlations between climate and genome size suggest that the latter is adaptive and determined by natural selection.Key words: Hordeum spontaneum, genome size, flow cytometry, intraspecific variation, natural selection.

Population genetic response to microsite ecological stress in wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1177-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward D. Owuor ◽  
Tzion Fahima ◽  
Avigdor Beiles ◽  
Abraham Korol ◽  
Eviatar Nevo
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum ◽  
Genetic Response ◽  
Ecological Stress

scholarly journals Independent evolution towards larger body size in the distinctive Faroe Island mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Wilches ◽  
William H Beluch ◽  
Ellen McConnell ◽  
Diethard Tautz ◽  
Yingguang Frank Chan
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Laboratory Mouse ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Island Population ◽  
Multiple Loci

Abstract Most phenotypic traits in nature involve the collective action of many genes. Traits that evolve repeatedly are particularly useful for understanding how selection may act on changing trait values. In mice, large body size has evolved repeatedly on islands and under artificial selection in the laboratory. Identifying the loci and genes involved in this process may shed light on the evolution of complex, polygenic traits. Here, we have mapped the genetic basis of body size variation by making a genetic cross between mice from the Faroe Islands, which are among the largest and most distinctive natural populations of mice in the world, and a laboratory mouse strain selected for small body size, SM/J. Using this F2 intercross of 841 animals, we have identified 111 loci controlling various aspects of body size, weight and growth hormone levels. By comparing against other studies, including the use of a joint meta-analysis, we found that the loci involved in the evolution of large size in the Faroese mice were largely independent from those of a different island population or other laboratory strains. We hypothesize that colonization bottleneck, historical hybridization, or the redundancy between multiple loci have resulted in the Faroese mice achieving an outwardly similar phenotype through a distinct evolutionary path.

Differential patterns of germination and desiccation tolerance of mesic and xeric wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) in Israel

2004 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoxiong Chen ◽  
Krugman Tamar ◽  
Tzion Fahima ◽  
Fengchun Zhang ◽  
Abraham B. Korol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Desiccation Tolerance ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum

scholarly journals Molecular markers in the improvement of Allium crops

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.R.D. Chinnappareddy ◽  
K. Khandagale ◽  
A. Chennareddy ◽  
V.G. Ramappa
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ssr Development ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
Diversity Estimates

The genus Allium (Family: Alliaceae) is the most important among the bulbous vegetable crops. characterization of Alliums based on phenotypic traits is influenced by the environment and leads to biased diversity estimates. Recognizing the potential of DNA markers in plant breeding, researchers have adopted the molecular markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS), quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and characterization of different quality traits in Alliums. This review presents details about the use of DNA markers in Alliums for cultivar identification, diversity studies, SSR development, colour improvement, total soluble solids (TSS), cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and efforts of DNA sequencing. As there are no such reports to describe the above work under a single heading, we decided to mine literature for those who are working in onion, garlic, chives and leek improvement to generate new insights in the subject.

Using stable isotope natural abundances (δ 15 N and δ 13 C) to integrate the stress responses of wild barley ( Hordeum spontaneum C. Koch.) genotypes

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (342) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Robinson ◽  
L.L. Handley ◽  
C.M. Scrimgeour ◽  
D.C. Gordon ◽  
B.P. Forster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum

PHENOTYPIC AND ALLOZYME VARIATION IN MEDITERRANEAN AND DESERT POPULATIONS OF WILD BARLEY, HORDEUM SPONTANEUM KOCH

Evolution ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Volis ◽  
Samuel Mendlinger ◽  
Yerlan Turuspekov ◽  
Usken Esnazarov
Keyword(s):  
Wild Barley ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum
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