Attributions in the Evaluation of Alternative Solutions to Social Problems

1987 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Didier
2019 ◽  
pp. 321-347
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Friedman

An alternative to the Hobson’s choice may be called “exitocracy.” In such a regime, exit would be preferred to voice when possible. This would enable people to experiment, as Dewey advocated, but without attempting to understand or predict the ideas and behavior of millions of anonymous others, as technocracy expects us to do. Exit is not a panacea for social problems, but it may be a superior remedy to those offered by technocracy, which make exacting epistemic demands. An exitocracy would facilitate exit by creating a robust private sphere, enabling capitalist competition to provide alternative solutions to people’s personally experienced problems, and an equally robust program of socialist wealth redistribution to enable people to pay for these solutions. Public goods, though, would still have to be provided in traditional technocratic fashion. This raises the question of whether the critique of technocracy is best seen as institutional or, instead, as cultural.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-341
Author(s):  
Ramlani Lina Sinaulan

Abstract: The science of law has a unique and distinctive character where every country has its own peculiarities. The development of legal science is influenced by the views of the jurists. In issuing legal opinions, the jurists are often influenced by their education and scholarship that will always be subjective depending on the paradigm used. Nevertheless, Indonesia, through the fourth paragraph of the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution of RI affirmed that Pancasila is as a paradigm in all life of state and society. Pancasila is the only paradigm (philosophy) of law that is recognized in some legislations. Pancasila is one of the elements that characterize the uniqueness of the Indonesian state. As a positive science, the science of law contains a normative nature in practice based on social science strategy. So that, the science of law aims to providing alternative solutions to solve concrete social problems. The use of social science strategy is not intended to change the normative nature of the science of law, but adopts Pancasila as the legal paradigm (philosophy).Abstrak: Ilmu hukum memiliki sifat yang unik dan khas dimana setiap negara memiliki kekhasan sendiri yang mempengaruhi perkembangan ilmu hukumnya. Perkembangan ilmu hukum dipengaruhi oleh pandangan para ahli hukum di dalamnya. Ilmuwan hukum dalam mengeluarkan pendapat dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan dan keilmuannya dan akan selalu bersifat subjektif bergantung pada paradigma yang digunakan. Namun demikian, Indonesia melalui Alinea IV Pembukaan UUD RI 1945 menegaskan bahwa Pancasila sebagai paradigma dalam seluruh kehidupan bernegara dan bermasyarakat. Pancasila merupakan satu-satunya paradigma (filsafat) hukum yang diakui dan dinormatifkan pengakuan tersebut dalam beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan. Pancasila adalah salah satu unsur yang mencirikan keunikan dan kekhasan dari negara Indonesia. Adapun ilmu hukum sebagai ilmu positif mengandung sifat normatif yang dalam pengembanan praktisnya bergerak berdasarkan strategi ilmu sosial, sehingga ilmu hukum memiliki tujuan memberikan solusi alternatif penyelesaian masalah konkret dalam masyarakat. Penggunaan strategi ilmu sosial tersebut bukan dimaksudkan untuk mengubah sifat normatif dari ilmu hukum, namun mengadopsi Pancasila sebagai paradigma (filsafat) hukum.


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