Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Estonian intensive care units in comparison with European data

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1001-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista Lõivukene ◽  
Epp Sepp ◽  
Vivika Adamson ◽  
Piret Mitt ◽  
Ülle Kallandi ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
Fabrício Rota FRANÇA ◽  
Thaíse Lucimara HAUCH ◽  
Carmem Costa MARTINS ◽  
Elena Carla Batista MENDES ◽  
Dora Inés KOZUSNY-ANDREANI

As Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde (IRAS) em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva estão relacionadas ao estado clínico dos pacientes, procedimentos invasivos, tempo de internação prolongado e colonização por microrganismos resistentes. O estudo objetiva identificar a incidência de infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, distribuição por microrganismo e respectivas sensibilidades antimicrobianas. Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, documental de abordagem quantitativa. Foi realizado levantamento dos índices de infecção hospitalar em pacientes da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital de médio porte, registrados em fichas de notificação do Serviço de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar (SCIH), no período de abril a dezembro de 2016. Foram analisadas 120 culturas de pacientes internados no período de março a dezembro de 2016, sendo 61 (50,83%) do sexo masculino e 59 (49,17%) do sexo feminino. Foram identificados vários microrganismos em diferentes culturas, a serem: E.coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus coag Neg, Acinetobacter baumannii e Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A maioria dos microrganismos é sensível a amicacina, ampicillin/sulba, ceftazidima, ceftriaxona, imipenem, piperacillin e sulfazotrim. A incidência de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica foi de 22,11% e de infecção urinária associada a cateter vesical de demora correspondeu a 6,34%. Os microrganismos identificados são comuns na maioria das Unidades de Terapia Intensiva e a incidência de infecção mostrou-se baixa em relação aos índices estipulados pelo Ministério da Saúde. Os resultados podem contribuir com a instituição hospitalar pesquisada para intensificar a educação continuada sobre higienização das mãos e a prevenção de infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde.   INFECTION INCIDENCE RELATED TO HEALTH ASSISTANCE AT AN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT IN A MEDIUM-SIZE HOSPITAL ABSTRACT Infections Related to Health Assistance (IRHA) at Intensive Care Units are related to the clinical status of the patients, invasive procedures, long period of hospitalization and resistant microorganism colonization. This study aims to identify the incidence of infections related to health assistance at an Intensive Care Unit, distribution by microorganism and respective antimicrobial sensitiveness.  It is a retrospective document of quantitative approach. It was conducted a survey of hospital infection rates from patients at Intensive Care Unit in a medium-size hospital, they were recorded in notification forms of Hospital Infection Control Service (HICS), from April to December 2016. From March to December 2016, 120 cultures of hospitalized patients were analyzed, they were 61 (50,83%) male gender and 59 (49,17%) female gender. Several microorganisms were identified in different cultures, being them: E.coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus coag Neg, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Most of the microorganisms is amikacin sensitive, ampicillin/sulba, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem, piperacillin and sulfazotrim. The pneumonia incidence associated to mechanical ventilation was 22,11% and urinary infection associated to permanent vesical catheter was 6,34%. The microorganisms identified are common in most of Intensive Care Units and the incidence of infections was low regarding to the rates specified by Health Ministry. The results may contribute with the present hospital institution in order to intensify continuing education about hands sanitizing and infection prevention related to health assistance.  keywords: Hospital infection. Intensive Care Unit. Microorganisms.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilknur Erdem ◽  
Ilker Yildirim ◽  
Birol Safak ◽  
Ritvan Karaali ◽  
Berna Erdal ◽  
...  

Abstract OBJECTIVE: ‘Nosocomial infections’ or ‘healthcare associated infections’ are a significant public health problem around the world. This study aimed to assess the rate of culture confirmed nosocomial infections (NIs), frequency of nosocomial pathogens and the antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacterial isolates in a University Hospital. METHODS: A retrospective evaluation of NIs in a tertiary hospital, between the years 2015 and 2019 in Tekirdag, Turkey. RESULTS : During the five years, the overall incidence rates (NI/100) and incidence densities (NI/1000 days of stay) of NIs were 2.04% (range 1.76-2.41/100) and 3.50/1000 patients-days (range 2.85-4.64/1000), respectively. 57.4 % of the infections were originated from the Intensive Care Units. The most common NIs according to the primary sites were bloodstream infections (55.3 %) and, pneumonia (20.4%). 67.5% of the isolated microorganisms as nosocomial agents were Gram negative bacteria, 24.9% of Gram positive bacteria and 7.6 % of candida. The most frequently isolated causative agents were Esherichia coli (16.7%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.7%). The rate of extended spectrum beta-lactamase production among E. coli isolates was 51.1%. Carbapenem resistance was 29.8% among isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa; 95.1% among isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii, 18.2% among isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Colistin resistance was 2.4% among isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. Vancomycin resistance was 5.3% among isolates of Enterococci.CONCLUSION: Our study results demonstrates the microorganisms of isolated from Intensive Care Units demonstrates high level resistance to many antimicrobial agents. The rising in incidence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms indicate that more interventions are urgently needed to reduce NIs in our ICUs.


2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-315
Author(s):  
Ayşe Hümeyra Taşkın Kafa ◽  
Cem Çelik ◽  
Mürşit Hasbek ◽  
Mustafa Zahir Bakıcı

Introduction: The aim of this study was to contribute to the establishment of appropriate empirical treatment protocols by determining antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from bacteremia patients in intensive care units and various clinics. Materials and Methods: Antibiotic susceptibility of a total of 111 P. aeruginosa isolates isolated from the blood of inpatients in intensive care units and other services between January 2014 and July 2018 in Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Medicine were evaluated retrospectively. In the study, the susceptibility profiles of amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefepim, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, imipenem and meropenem were investigated using the automated system of Phoenix 100 (Becton Dickinson Co., Sparks, MD, USA). The results were evaluated based on the criteria of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) for 2014 and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) from 2015 onwards. Results: One hundred and eleven P. aeruginosa were isolated from blood samples, 77 from intensive care units and 34 from various services of the hospital. P. aeruginosa strains isolated from cultures have a high rate of resistance against antimicrobial agents. The highest resistance was determined for imipenem with 20.7% and the lowest resistance was determined for amikacin with 1.8%. Piperacillintazobactam, ceftazidim, cefepim, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and meropenem resistance rates were 18%, 17.1%, 17.8%, 18.9%, 13.9%, 19.8% respectively. Multidrug-resistant was found to be 10.8%. This ratio was determined as 13% in intensive care units. Conclusion: Considering the current antibiotic susceptibility profiles while determining empirical treatment protocols is rather important to prevent resistance. In addition, putting forward the bacterial resistance status periodically through this type of studies, to determine the strength of existing drugs and to guide therapy, presents valuable data. Within this context, we propose that the data of our study will contribute to the current literature


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