Phytophagous mites and their predators during the establishment of apple orchards under biological and integrated fruit production in Central Otago, New Zealand

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
CH Wearing ◽  
RR Marshall ◽  
C Colhoun ◽  
BA Attfield
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Phytophagous Mites ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

scholarly journals Improving the management of mealybugs (Pseudococcidae) in apple orchards

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
P.L. Lo ◽  
J.T.S. Walker ◽  
T.M. Fraser ◽  
D.W. Manktelow
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production ◽  
Insecticide Sprays

Mealybug infestations in New Zealand apples declined when integrated fruit production was implemented in the late 1990s In Hawkes Bay however mealybugs have recently become an increasing problem The mean incidence of mealybugs at harvest increased from 17 in 2008 to 22 in 2010 In 2009 and 2010 almost 50 of blocks had a higher incidence than the previous year Analysis of spray diaries suggested that spray programmes up to 200910 were inadequate to maintain longterm suppression of mealybugs Key factors were the number of insecticide sprays their time of application and the choice of product but not spray coverage Consequently in spring 2010 orchard managers were encouraged to follow a best practice spray programme against mealybugs which led to markedly improved mealybug control At harvest in 2011 the mean incidence was 07 and just 14 of blocks had more mealybugs than the previous year while almost 60 had fewer

scholarly journals The distribution of Liotryphon caudatus a parasitoid of codling moth (Cydia pomonella) in Hawkes Bay apple orchards

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 222-226
Author(s):  
L.M. Cole ◽  
J.T.S. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Laboratory Colony ◽  
Corrugated Cardboard ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

The ichneumonid parasitoid Liotryphon caudatus was introduced into New Zealand in 1906 for biological control of codling moth Cydia pomonella a pest of pipfruit Following release it was found in the Auckland area with only isolated recoveries in the 1970s in Waikato and Hawkes Bay In 2010 96 parasitism of codling moth by L caudatus in larvae collected from a Hawkes Bay orchard was recorded Liotryphon caudatus harvested from this collection were used to establish a laboratory colony for behavioural observations In 2011 15 sites across Hawkes Bay comprising abandoned organic and Integrated Fruit Production apple orchards were surveyed for the presence of L caudatus Cocooned codling moth larvae in corrugated cardboard bands were placed at each site for 3 weeks and assessed for parasitism Liotryphon caudatus was recovered from four of five abandoned orchards with up to 13 parasitism but was not found in either organic or IFP orchards

INTEGRATED FRUIT PRODUCTION FOR NEW ZEALAND PIPFRUIT: PEST MANAGEMENT

2000 ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
P.W. Shaw ◽  
J.T.S. Walker ◽  
C.H. Wearing ◽  
S.J. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

scholarly journals Alternative strategies to control New Zealand flower thrips on nectarines

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.F. McLaren ◽  
J.A. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Thrips Obscuratus ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

Experiments conducted in both spring and preharvest (summer) aimed to prevent damage to nectarines caused by New Zealand flower thrips Thrips obscuratus and to minimise quarantine problems caused by thrips on export fruit Reflective mulch and three insecticide programmes were compared with the standard taufluvalinate/chlorpyrifos programme in spring Abamectin spinosad and Pyrethrum Plus reduced spring damage but none was more effective than the existing standard At harvest time carbaryl and spinosad plus Nufilm17 reduced thrips numbers 3 days after treatment but carbaryl was the only effective insecticide after 5 days Reflective mulch reduced thrips numbers in spring and preharvest providing a nonchemical alternative for thrips control However supplementary control measures would be needed for this treatment to meet quarantine standards at harvest time Alternative spring and preharvest programmes for both Integrated Fruit Production and organic systems are suggested for nectarines but registration is necessary before some insecticides can be used on summerfruit

scholarly journals Development of thresholds for insecticidal control of New Zealand flower thrips on nectarines in spring

2000 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.F. McLaren ◽  
J.A. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Adult Feeding ◽  
Production Programme ◽  
Thrips Obscuratus ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

Numbers of adult and larval New Zealand flower thrips Thrips obscuratus were recorded daily on nectarines from flowering (early September) to shuck fall (early November) over 5 years Adults were more common than larvae and occurred throughout this period increasing to their highest numbers in late October Larvae occurred for three weeks from petal fall Adults were released weekly onto bagged nectarine flowers or fruitlets from flowering to shuck fall Damage to the fruit was assessed in November Adults caused the most severe damage when released during flowering; slightly less damage was caused after petal fall and minor damage occurred in the weeks before shuck fall Adult feeding did not affect fruit set Three thresholds based on adult numbers are proposed for determining the need for insecticidal control in an Integrated Fruit Production programme for nectarines These thresholds reflect the decreasing risk of damage through the sensitive period

scholarly journals New Zealand integrated fruit production for pipfruit - charting a new course

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Batchelor ◽  
J.T.S. Walker ◽  
D.W.L. Manktelow ◽  
N.M. Park ◽  
S.R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

scholarly journals Integrated fruit production (IFP) for New Zealand pipfruit: evaluation of disease management in a pilot programme

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.W. L Manktelow ◽  
R.M. Beresford ◽  
A.J. Hodson ◽  
J.T.S. Walker ◽  
T.A. Batchelor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Pilot Programme ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

scholarly journals Combined Effects of Mating Disruption, Insecticides, and the Sterile Insect Technique on Cydia pomonella in New Zealand

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Rachael M. Horner ◽  
Peter L. Lo ◽  
David J. Rogers ◽  
James T. S. Walker ◽  
David Maxwell Suckling
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sterile Insect Technique ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Phytosanitary Measures ◽  
High Level ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

Codling moth was introduced into New Zealand, and remains a critical pest for the apple industry. Apples exported to some markets require strict phytosanitary measures to eliminate the risk of larval infestation. Mating disruption and insecticide applications are the principal means of suppression in New Zealand. We tested the potential for the sterile insect technique (SIT) to supplement these measures to achieve local eradication or suppression of this pest. SIT was trialed in an isolated group of six integrated fruit production (IFP) orchards and one organic orchard (total 391 ha), using sterilized insects imported from Canada, with release by unmanned aerial vehicle and from the ground. Eradication was not achieved across the region, but a very high level of codling moth suppression was achieved at individual orchards after the introduction of sterile moths in combination with mating disruption and larvicides. After six years of releases, catches of wild codling moths at three IFP orchards (224 ha) were 90–99% lower than in 2013–2014, the year before releases began. Catches at three other IFP orchards (129 ha) decreased by 67–97% from the year before releases began (2015–2016), from lower initial levels. At a certified organic orchard with a higher initial population under only organic larvicides and mating disruption, by 2019–2020, there was an 81% reduction in wild moths capture from 2016–2017, the year before releases began.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Venturia inaequalis to myclobutanil penconazole and dodine in relation to fungicide use in Hawkes Bay apple orchards

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
R.M. Beresford ◽  
P.J. Wright ◽  
P.N. Wood ◽  
N.M. Park
Keyword(s):  
Venturia Inaequalis ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
Dmi Fungicides ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production ◽  
Demethylation Inhibitor

A survey of Integrated Fruit Production and organic apple orchards in Hawkes Bay in 201011 investigated sensitivity of Venturia inaequalis isolates to demethylation inhibitor (DMI) and dodine fungicides EC50 values from mycelial growth assays for two DMIs showed continued loss of sensitivity since the 1990s Sensitivity was lower in orchards where DMI usage exceeded resistance management guidelines The most DMIsensitive isolates were found in one organic orchard Plant inoculations showed that black spot control of myclobutanilresistant V inaequalis strains by one application of myclobutanil was only 55 compared with 99 for myclobutanilsensitive strains The study suggests that resistance to DMI fungicides has continued to develop that loss of black spot control could be expected in some orchards and that DMI resistance management guidelines need reviewing There was high sensitivity to dodine in all orchards (mean EC50 of 024 mg/litre) and no evidence of increased resistance since the 1990s

scholarly journals Application of fungicides during leaf fall to control apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) in the following season

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Beresford ◽  
P.N. Wood ◽  
P.W. Shaw ◽  
T.J. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Fungicide Resistance ◽  
Venturia Inaequalis ◽  
Apple Scab ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Resistance Risk ◽  
Chemical Residues ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

Leaf fall applications of fungicides to reduce scab in apple orchards were investigated to reduce reliance on summer fungicides that can cause trace chemical residues on harvested fruit Two applications of fungicides including captan tolyfluanid myclobutanil and urea were made at 1020 and 5060 leaf fall in four orchard trials in Nelson and Hawkes Bay using the cultivars Royal Gala Braeburn Fuji and Sciros/Pacific Rosetrade; Trial orchards received standard spring and summer fungicide programmes that complied with Integrated Fruit Production and were monitored for leaf and fruit scab in December and at harvest Significant reductions in leaf or fruit scab occurred in three out of five comparisons involving different sites years and cultivars suggesting that autumn applications can reduce scab in the following season Captan and tolyfluanid appeared most useful for autumn application Myclobutanil should not be used because of the fungicide resistance risk Results with urea were variable

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document