INTEGRATED FRUIT PRODUCTION FOR NEW ZEALAND PIPFRUIT: PEST MANAGEMENT

2000 ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
P.W. Shaw ◽  
J.T.S. Walker ◽  
C.H. Wearing ◽  
S.J. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

scholarly journals Improving the management of mealybugs (Pseudococcidae) in apple orchards

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
P.L. Lo ◽  
J.T.S. Walker ◽  
T.M. Fraser ◽  
D.W. Manktelow
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production ◽  
Insecticide Sprays

Mealybug infestations in New Zealand apples declined when integrated fruit production was implemented in the late 1990s In Hawkes Bay however mealybugs have recently become an increasing problem The mean incidence of mealybugs at harvest increased from 17 in 2008 to 22 in 2010 In 2009 and 2010 almost 50 of blocks had a higher incidence than the previous year Analysis of spray diaries suggested that spray programmes up to 200910 were inadequate to maintain longterm suppression of mealybugs Key factors were the number of insecticide sprays their time of application and the choice of product but not spray coverage Consequently in spring 2010 orchard managers were encouraged to follow a best practice spray programme against mealybugs which led to markedly improved mealybug control At harvest in 2011 the mean incidence was 07 and just 14 of blocks had more mealybugs than the previous year while almost 60 had fewer

scholarly journals Organic Apple Production in Two Humid Regions: Comparing Progress in Pest Management Strategies in Iowa and New Zealand

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Delate ◽  
Andrea McKern ◽  
Robert Turnbull ◽  
James T.S. Walker ◽  
Richard Volz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
The United States ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

By 2003, organic apple [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.] production had increased to 5626 ha in the United States and to 2964 ha in New Zealand by 2002. Common problems facing organic apple growers in the humid regions of New Zealand and the United States include effective management strategies for apple scab [Venturia inaequalis (Cooke)] and insect pests. Experiments conducted in Iowa in 2003–2004 demonstrated the effectiveness of a kaolin clay- and spinosad-based insecticide program in maintaining codling moth [Cydia pomonella (L.)] damage levels to less than 5% in the scab-resistant cultivars Enterprise, Liberty, Redfree, and Gold Rush. Similar pest management systems have been developed in New Zealand to comply with export standards and quarantines. The use of codling moth granulosis virus and a spinosad-based insecticide have led to reduced pest pressure and to an increase in organic exports with a 41% premium price over conventional apples. However, an association between spinosad use and woolly apple aphid [Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann)] population increase was observed in organic orchard surveys in 2006. An alternative to spinosad applications, insect disinfestation through controlled atmosphere (CA) treatment, was investigated to control quarantined pests and to extend the storage potential of scab-resistant cultivars. A CA treatment of 9 weeks of 2% O2 and 2% CO2 at 0.5 °C was determined to maintain firmness ratings to export standards in CA-stored, scab-resistant ‘Pinkie’ apples and to decrease internal ethylene concentration by 84% compared with apples stored in air. In addition, new scab-resistant cultivars with ‘Pinkie’ background under development in New Zealand show promise for organic production in humid regions. Few fruit quality differences were determined between ‘Pinkie’ fruits from integrated fruit production and organic production systems, although premium prices exist only for certified organic apples.

scholarly journals Risks to pest management in New Zealands pipfruit Integrated Fruit Production programme

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.L. Lo ◽  
J.T.S. Walker ◽  
D.J. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Predatory Bugs ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selective Pesticides

Pest management in New Zealands pipfruit Integrated Fruit Production (IFP) programme relies on selective pesticides biological control and pheromone mating disruption The current situation is potentially precarious and one concern the impact of less selective pesticides was tested Apple trees received synthetic pyrethroid (deltamethrin) sprays during the first half of two growing seasons Beneficial and pest species were monitored monthly from November to April Treated trees had fewer predatory bugs (91 100 reduction) lacewings (64100) earwigs (80100) predatory mites (67100) spiders (2064) and Hymenoptera (1649) than untreated trees Ladybird numbers varied depending on the assessment method Outbreaks of phytophagous mites and woolly scale and Froggatts apple leafhopper on untreated trees Factors that make pest management under IFP vulnerable in the future include a loss of biological control and the consequences of new pests establishing

scholarly journals Alternative strategies to control New Zealand flower thrips on nectarines

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.F. McLaren ◽  
J.A. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Thrips Obscuratus ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

Experiments conducted in both spring and preharvest (summer) aimed to prevent damage to nectarines caused by New Zealand flower thrips Thrips obscuratus and to minimise quarantine problems caused by thrips on export fruit Reflective mulch and three insecticide programmes were compared with the standard taufluvalinate/chlorpyrifos programme in spring Abamectin spinosad and Pyrethrum Plus reduced spring damage but none was more effective than the existing standard At harvest time carbaryl and spinosad plus Nufilm17 reduced thrips numbers 3 days after treatment but carbaryl was the only effective insecticide after 5 days Reflective mulch reduced thrips numbers in spring and preharvest providing a nonchemical alternative for thrips control However supplementary control measures would be needed for this treatment to meet quarantine standards at harvest time Alternative spring and preharvest programmes for both Integrated Fruit Production and organic systems are suggested for nectarines but registration is necessary before some insecticides can be used on summerfruit

scholarly journals Development of thresholds for insecticidal control of New Zealand flower thrips on nectarines in spring

2000 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.F. McLaren ◽  
J.A. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Adult Feeding ◽  
Production Programme ◽  
Thrips Obscuratus ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

Numbers of adult and larval New Zealand flower thrips Thrips obscuratus were recorded daily on nectarines from flowering (early September) to shuck fall (early November) over 5 years Adults were more common than larvae and occurred throughout this period increasing to their highest numbers in late October Larvae occurred for three weeks from petal fall Adults were released weekly onto bagged nectarine flowers or fruitlets from flowering to shuck fall Damage to the fruit was assessed in November Adults caused the most severe damage when released during flowering; slightly less damage was caused after petal fall and minor damage occurred in the weeks before shuck fall Adult feeding did not affect fruit set Three thresholds based on adult numbers are proposed for determining the need for insecticidal control in an Integrated Fruit Production programme for nectarines These thresholds reflect the decreasing risk of damage through the sensitive period

scholarly journals New Zealand integrated fruit production for pipfruit - charting a new course

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Batchelor ◽  
J.T.S. Walker ◽  
D.W.L. Manktelow ◽  
N.M. Park ◽  
S.R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

scholarly journals Vulnerability of pest management in New Zealand apples pesticide toxicity to Aphelinus mali (Hymenoptera Encyrtidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Rogers ◽  
P.L. Lo ◽  
J.T.S. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Woolly Apple Aphid ◽  
Aphelinus Mali ◽  
Aphid Control ◽  
Pest Outbreaks ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production ◽  
Selective Insecticides

New pest management practices in New Zealands apple sector have provided ecological and economic outcomes that are recognised by growers and exporters Integrated Fruit Production (IFP) pest control systems that combine biological control selective insecticides and mating disruption have been developed to achieve these outcomes Although pest management in apple orchards is now more sustainable it is also highly vulnerable to pesticideinduced disruption The toxicity of four pesticides (spinetoram thiacloprid spinosad and spirotetramat) on the natural enemy of woolly apple aphid Aphelinus mali was examined While applications of spinetoram were the primary cause of aphid outbreaks in 200708 other insecticides can contribute to the instability of this biocontrol system The consequences of applying these disruptive pesticides to aphid control are discussed together with strategies to mitigate the vulnerability of the IFP programme to pest outbreaks

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document