Sea surface temperature of North Indian Ocean during April 1998

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 2485-2490
Author(s):  
S. K. Sasamal
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
North Indian Ocean ◽  
Sea Surface

scholarly journals Sea surface temperature variability over North Indian Ocean — A study of two contrasting monsoon seasons

1986 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Ramesh Kumar ◽  
S. Sathyendranath ◽  
N. K. Viswambharan ◽  
L. V. Gangadhara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
North Indian Ocean ◽  
Temperature Variability ◽  
Sea Surface

scholarly journals North Indian Ocean variability during the Indian Ocean dipole

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Brown ◽  
C. A. Clayson ◽  
L. Kantha ◽  
T. Rojsiraphisal
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Indian Ocean Dipole ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
North Indian Ocean ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The circulation in the North Indian Ocean (NIO henceforth) is highly seasonally variable. Periodically reversing monsoon winds (southwesterly during summer and northeasterly during winter) give rise to seasonally reversing current systems off the coast of Somalia and India. In addition to this annual monsoon cycle, the NIO circulation varies semiannually because of equatorial currents reversing four times each year. These descriptions are typical, but how does the NIO circulation behave during anomalous years, during an Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) for instance? Unfortunately, in situ observational data are rather sparse and reliance has to be placed on numerical models to understand this variability. In this paper, we estimate the surface current variability from a 12-year hindcast of the NIO for 1993–2004 using a 1/2° resolution circulation model that assimilates both altimetric sea surface height anomalies and sea surface temperature. Presented in this paper is an examination of surface currents in the NIO basin during the IOD. During the non-IOD period of 2000–2004, the typical equatorial circulation of the NIO reverses four times each year and transports water across the basin preventing a large sea surface temperature difference between the western and eastern NIO. Conversely, IOD years are noted for strong easterly and westerly wind outbursts along the equator. The impact of these outbursts on the NIO circulation is to reverse the direction of the currents – when compared to non-IOD years – during the summer for negative IOD events (1996 and 1998) and during the fall for positive IOD events (1994 and 1997). This reversal of current direction leads to large temperature differences between the western and eastern NIO.

scholarly journals On the diurnal ranges of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the north Indian Ocean

2009 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. C. Shenoi ◽  
N. Nasnodkar ◽  
G. Rajesh ◽  
K. Jossia Joseph ◽  
I. Suresh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
North Indian Ocean ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The North

scholarly journals Interannual Variability of Sea Surface Temperature off Java and Sumatra in a Global GCM*

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 2451-2465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Du ◽  
Tangdong Qu ◽  
Gary Meyers
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Surface Mixed Layer ◽  
Horizontal Advection ◽  
Cold Anomaly ◽  
Sst Anomalies

Abstract Using results from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA), this study assesses the mixed layer heat budget to identify the mechanisms that control the interannual variation of sea surface temperature (SST) off Java and Sumatra. The analysis indicates that during the positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) years, cold SST anomalies are phase locked with the season cycle. They may exceed −3°C near the coast of Sumatra and extend as far westward as 80°E along the equator. The depth of the thermocline has a prominent influence on the generation and maintenance of SST anomalies. In the normal years, cooling by upwelling–entrainment is largely counterbalanced by warming due to horizontal advection. In the cooling episode of IOD events, coastal upwelling–entrainment is enhanced, and as a result of mixed layer shoaling, the barrier layer no longer exists, so that the effect of upwelling–entrainment can easily reach the surface mixed layer. Horizontal advection spreads the cold anomaly to the interior tropical Indian Ocean. Near the coast of Java, the northern branch of an anomalous anticyclonic circulation spreads the cold anomaly to the west near the equator. Both the anomalous advection and the enhanced, wind-driven upwelling generate the cold SST anomaly of the positive IOD. At the end of the cooling episode, the enhanced surface thermal forcing overbalances the cooling effect by upwelling/entrainment, and leads to a warming in SST off Java and Sumatra.

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