Phagocytosis of particulate vaccine delivery systems is a critical immune mechanism involved in antigen capture and processing by macrophages and dendritic cells. The internalization and degradation of the particles involves...
An MRI-visible immunoadjuvant based on hollow Gd2O3 nanospheres significantly promotes the cellular uptake of a tumor antigen by antigen presenting cells, exhibits pH-dependent alteration of the MR signal intensity and markedly enhances the antitumor immunity.
Bilayer spherical polymersome based adjuvants promote the antigen cellular uptake into antigen-presenting cells. The administration of polymersome loading OVA and MPLA induce the secretion of cytokines by macrophage activation and elicit potent antigen-specific antibody responses.
Tumor-specific cytokine release by donor T cells induces an effective host anti-tumor response through recruitment of host naive antigen presenting cells