Adapting ‘internationalization’ to integrate ‘troublesome’ minorities: higher education policies towards Hong Kong and East Jerusalem

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Annette Bamberger ◽  
Fei Yan ◽  
Paul Morris
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Higher Education Policies ◽  
East Jerusalem

A Tale of Two Cities: Comparing Higher Education Policies and Reforms in Hong Kong and Singapore

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Higher Education Policy ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Managerial Efficiency ◽  
Higher Education Policies ◽  
City States ◽  
The Impact

In Hong Kong and Singapore, the latest higher education policy changes and reforms have emphasised quality assurance, managerial efficiency, cost-effectiveness, market relevance and public accountability. The rise of a more utilitarian, pragmatic and market-oriented perspective in relation to public service institutions, including higher education institutions, has secured the dominance of corporate managerialism, economic rationalism, and academic capitalism in the development of higher education in the two city-states, as in other developed or developing economies. In the process of reform, there have been major changes in the relationships between the governments and the universities, including matters of finance, provision and regulation. Though the two higher education systems have been affected by similar market forces and public sector reforms, certain policy changes and reforms have differed significantly between Hong Kong and Singapore. This article compares and evaluates the reform policies adopted by the two governments and examines the impact of those policies and reform initiatives on universities and the academic profession.

Preventing overeducation and graduate surplus

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Habibi
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Higher Education Policies ◽  
Academic Publications

Purpose Most Middle Eastern countries suffer from high rates of unemployment and underemployment among university graduates. This condition is known as overeducation and it is observed in many countries around the world. Two countries, Singapore and Hong Kong, have been able to prevent overeducation. The purpose of this paper is to identify political and institutional factors that have allowed these two countries to succeed. Design/methodology/approach The author has relied on published government documents, online short articles and academic publications to collect evidence on higher education policies in Hong Kong and Singapore. The author has also received some valuable insight by e-mail communication with scholars and some government institutions in these countries. In addition, the author has generated tables and charts based on official government statistics from both countries to show the trends in higher education and the labor market outcomes for university graduates. Findings First, in Singapore and Hong Kong, the labor ministry and the private sector industries are able to influence the higher education enrollment policy based on economic demand for skilled labor. Second, in both countries, the political leadership is committed to preventing graduate surplus and has enough political strength to resist populist pressures for increasing the enrollment into higher education. Third, both countries have been able to direct a large number of high school graduates to vocational and two-year associate degrees. Originality/value Overeducation is a very costly and undesirable outcome that leads to a large amount of wasted investment in human capital. It is very valuable for developing countries to learn about policies that have been successfully used by Singapore and Hong Kong to prevent overeducation because the same policies can be used in the affected countries.

Students’ Sense Making of Higher Education Policies During the Vertical Transfer Process

2021 ◽  
pp. 000283122110030
Author(s):  
Lauren Schudde ◽  
Huriya Jabbar ◽  
Eliza Epstein ◽  
Elif Yucel
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
College Students ◽  
Community College ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Vertical Transfer ◽  
Higher Education Policies ◽  
State Transfer ◽  
Subsequent Behavior

More than a third of students enter higher education at a community college; most aim to earn a baccalaureate. Drawing on sense-making theory and longitudinal qualitative data, we examined how community college students interpret state transfer policies and how their interpretations influence subsequent behavior. Data from 3 years of interviews revealed how students adjudicate between multiple intersecting policies. The higher education context, where institutions provided competing signals about policies, left students to navigate complex messages to achieve their transfer goals. Students’ approaches to understanding transfer policies primarily followed one of two patterns: adopting policy signals as step-by-step procedures or adapting and combining policy signals to create a customized transfer pathway. Both approaches had important implications for students’ transfer outcomes.

Efficiency Driven Effect of Education in China: The Perspective of Global Competitiveness and Graduate Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Lun Li
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Higher Education Policies ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Education In China

Capital, natural resources, technology and education are often considered to be the most important factors in improving the level of economic development. China is in the "efficiency-driven" stage of economic development. There are objective laws in the development of education level and economic growth, but they interact with each other. Economic growth provides the foundation and necessary conditions for the development of education. At the same time, the role of education in promoting economic growth is also very obvious. Based on the perspective of postgraduate training, this paper studies the role of education in economic efficiency-driven, through the study of theory, data collection and empirical analysis, combined with the development characteristics of China's higher education, and compares China's and US higher education policies to guide China's higher education. The development of education, and then promote the transformation of China into the "innovation-driven" stage, has certain theoretical and practical significance.

Gender Inequality and Intersectional Disadvantage among Students in South African Universities

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-172
Author(s):  
Oliver Tafadzwa Gore ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
South African ◽  
Higher Education Policy ◽  
Capabilities Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Higher Education Policies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
South African Higher Education

Although policies to widen participation have been implemented in South African higher education since 1994, inequality of achievements persists in universities. The failure of the higher education policy to clearly define ‘disadvantage’ in various interventions seems to have contributed to the continuing inequalities. This study theorises disadvantage using the capabilities approach pioneered by Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum and argues for a more nuanced definition of disadvantage by exploring the opportunities, agency and achievements available to students in universities. The theorisation is based on findings from a qualitative case study of 26 semi-structured interviews conducted with students from one South African university. Using empirical findings, the theorisation in this study shows how the conversion factors intersect, resulting in some students achieving fewer functionings, which put them at a disadvantage. While gender equality seemingly has been achieved through enrolment figures that show parity levels, some female students are still disadvantaged through subtle forms of discrimination and sexual harassment in universities. This study therefore recommends that higher education policies should consider an expansive definition of disadvantage that encompasses the various dimensions of student wellbeing for all students to have flourishing lives.

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