Institutional Logics in Innovation

This chapter analyses the different institutional logics surrounding China’s innovation machine, including the ‘visible hand’ of the state and ‘invisible hand’ of the market. The idea of innovation in China resulting from centralized decisions in government is shown to be a myth; instead, it results from the interaction of initial bottom-up innovations and subsequent top-down direction, support, or correction. The cultural roots of China’s multiple institutional logics are explained, including the role of hierarchy, the tolerance of ambiguity, and the search for unity. Balance is sought within Chinese bureaucracies, between central and local governments, and between formal and informal authority. The chapter analyses Chinese policy frameworks for science and technology, innovation, intellectual property, education and talent, environment, industry, and the reform of state-owned enterprises. A case study of the car industry is provided, focusing particularly on how policy instruments are used to encourage carmakers to capitalize on the opportunities presented by the new technology trajectory of new energy vehicles.

The relationship between the priesthood and the church from the perspective of unity

The Church is the extension of the resurrected body of the Son of God in history and in the believers as totality, believers that through baptism and chrismation become her living and active members. The relationship between the sacramental priesthood and the Church can only take place in perfect unity, the Church being absolutely necessary for salvation. Without the historical Church of Christ, namely the laboratory where salvation is being accomplished, humanity would remain subjected to sin and death, unable to know the perfection for which it has been created. Only by getting closer to Christ through the visible hand of the sacramental priesthood in the Church through the Holy Sacraments, the relationship between the Divine and humans acquires a different meaning, and humanity receives a meaning that goes beyond the materiality of the world.

A Sound Economy

A sound community announces the presence and potential of an ecological rationality. In a sound community, music is communicative, as natural as breathing, participatory and exchanged freely, strengthening and sustaining individuals and communities. A sound community exhibits a sound economy, just, participatory, and egalitarian. Wealth and power are widely distributed and shared, and maintained through the visible hand of democratic management. A sound economy is based in a sound ecology where exchanges are based in honest signals that invite reciprocity and trust. In a sound ecology, sound being and sound knowing lead to sound action, which is cooperative, mutually beneficial, and just.

Social Solidarity during the Pandemic: The “Visible Hand” and Networked Social Movements

The author poses the following questions: (1) What forms are social movements adopting today, particularly in response to the epidemic crisis? (2) Are we observing the practice of grassroots solidarity reaching beyond the charitable model of support? She seeks answers taking the Facebook group Visible Hand [Widzialna Ręka] as an example; it was established shortly after lockdown had been announced in the first quarter of 2020, as a form of social organisation aiming to provide mutual aid during the difficult time of the pandemic. She asserts that communities organising themselves in a manner similar to Visible Hand are an example of how external crises highlight problems existing within societies and contribute to their destabilisation. While deliberating over whether the initiative in question is one of ad-hoc episodes of non-organised collective activity, a discussion-and-contact forum, or perhaps a contemporary social movement, she reaches for Manuel Castells’ concept of networked social movements—and asserts that Visible Hand may be acknowledged as a social movement. In closing her paper, she considers the connections between moral bond and solidarity.

Social value cocreation: a mode of value cocreation

Purpose This paper aims to present a value cocreation framework that furthers understanding of social value cocreation. Design/methodology/approach This paper is an interdisciplinary conceptual analysis drawing on social enterprise studies, marketing research and philosophical value theory. It applies a visible-hand approach to the study of market relationships and, in line with philosophical research strategies, unfolds its analysis using conceptual distinctions. Findings This study provides a framework that substantiates the distinction between two modes of value cocreation and identifies the structure of the social enterprise business model. It explains how social enterprises can be conceived as role models for for-profit organizations, and it elucidates why social value cocreation is a demanding objective. Research limitations/implications This paper develops an integrative, nondichotomist view of value cocreation that does not conceptualize social and economic value cocreation as opposing goals. Practical implications Social enterprises can use the business model structure and two modes of value cocreation and view themselves as role models for for-profit organizations. Social implications This paper applies a visible-hand approach to both for-profit organizations and social enterprises. Using its framework, for-profit organizations can reflect on the consequences of their actions on society and how social value cocreation can improve social enterprise effectiveness. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper is the first to bridge service-oriented approaches to marketing and social enterprise studies using philosophical value theory to improve understanding of social value cocreation.

Policy Recommendations on the Application of AI to the Development of Smart Cities

Building a smart city requires maintaining “wisdom” in concept, which requires scientific top-level design to properly handle the contradiction between partial interests and overall interests. Its ultimate goal of urban development is to serve people, so equal importance should go to both construction and operation. This chapter emphasizes trading-off some relationships in smart city development, such as diversity and homogeneity, technology orientation and demand orientation, information sharing and information security, the invisible hand of the market with the visible hand of the government, etc.. Finally, it puts forward adopting the development mode that drives overall development through typical examples as a good way.