Survey of storage insect pests and management of rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae, using botanicals on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) at Jawi District, Northwestern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Adane Tesfaye ◽  
Abaynew Jemal Jenber ◽  
Melesech Mintesnot
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Rice Weevil ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

scholarly journals Minimization of energy transduction confers resistance to phosphine in the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeongnam Kim ◽  
Jeong Oh Yang ◽  
Jae-Yoon Sung ◽  
Ji-Young Lee ◽  
Jeong Sun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Metabolism ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Energy Transduction ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Rice Weevil ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Synonymous Mutations ◽  
Genes Encoding

Abstract Infestation of phosphine (PH3) resistant insects threatens global grain reserves. PH3 fumigation controls rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) but not highly resistant insect pests. Here, we investigated naturally occurring strains of S. oryzae that were moderately resistant (MR), strongly resistant (SR), or susceptible (wild-type; WT) to PH3 using global proteome analysis and mitochondrial DNA sequencing. Both PH3 resistant (PH3–R) strains exhibited higher susceptibility to ethyl formate-mediated inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase than the WT strain, whereas the disinfectant PH3 concentration time of the SR strain was much longer than that of the MR strain. Unlike the MR strain, which showed altered expression levels of genes encoding metabolic enzymes involved in catabolic pathways that minimize metabolic burden, the SR strain showed changes in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Our results suggest that the acquisition of strong PH3 resistance necessitates the avoidance of oxidative phosphorylation through the accumulation of a few non-synonymous mutations in mitochondrial genes encoding complex I subunits as well as nuclear genes encoding dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, concomitant with metabolic reprogramming, a recognized hallmark of cancer metabolism. Taken together, our data suggest that reprogrammed metabolism represents a survival strategy of SR insect pests for the compensation of minimized energy transduction under anoxic conditions. Therefore, understanding the resistance mechanism of PH3–R strains will support the development of new strategies to control insect pests.

Evaluation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) for superior quality, yield and resistance to insect-pests

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 216-219
Author(s):  
Himani . ◽  
Jayanti Tokas
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Foliar Disease ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

The present study was conducted to evaluate and identify the promising varieties of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) superior in quality, resistance to insect-pests and fodder yield. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with three replications of twenty varieties of sorghum. The observations recorded include morphological characters, tillering, regeneration, green and dry fodder yield, HCN, IVDMD %, crude protein, insect-pests and foliar disease. The genotypes SPV 2444 (GFY: 395.5 and DFY: 85.0 q/ha) and SPV 2454 (GFY: 374.0 and DFY: 122.0 q/ha) were superior in yield. Similarly, the per day productivity for green and dry fodder yield followed the same trend. These genotypes also had better morphological traits as compared to others.SPH 1858 had highest leaf breadth (8.5 cm) followed by SPV 2448 (7.9 cm). Minimum HCN content was found in SPV 2455 (23μg/g) followed by SPV 2449 (64μg/g). Crude protein was found highest in SPV 2446 (10.94 %) followed by SPV 2447 (10.72 %). IVDMD was found maximum in SPV 2448 (50.80 %).followed by SPV 2450 (50.40 %)

Identification of genomic region associated with rice weevil resistance in sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guowei Zhai ◽  
Hua Wang ◽  
Sujuan Li ◽  
Heqing Liu ◽  
Jianfeng Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Rice Weevil ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

scholarly journals An influence of herbs on the sex structure in populations of insect pests of stored products

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-466
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kłyś
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Rice Weevil ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Lesser Grain Borer ◽  
Sex Structure ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Lavandula Officinalis

Abstract The effects of powdered herbs (lavender Lavandula officinalis L., peppermint Mentha piperita L. and basil Ocimium basilicum L.) added to the food substances of three insect species: the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (L.), lesser grain borer Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), and the saw-toothed grain beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) on the life span and development of the three insect species as well as habitat conditions, sex structure, and the survivability of males and females were considered. The experiments were conducted in the laboratory at a temperature of 28°C and relative humidity (RH) 60 ±5%. In all the studied populations, high female mortality was found (♂/♀ < 1). The studied populations were: the rice weevil and the lesser grain borer cultured in wheat grain with herb additions, and the saw-toothed grain beetle cultured in semolina with herb additions. Among the herbs used, peppermint caused a significant effect in the form of increased mortality rates among females of S. oryzae and O. surinamensis. Lavender and basil had a similar impact among R. dominica females. The herbs applied in the experiments intensified the mortality of females and, consequently, led to the disappearance of entire populations.

Drought Resistance Mechanism and Adaptation to Water Stress in Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
Rajani Verma ◽  
◽  
Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Dr. Anamika Nath ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Consórcio palma-sorgo sob lâminas de irrigação: balanço de água no solo e coeficientes da cultura

Agrometeoros ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleber Pereira Alves ◽  
Thieres George Freire Silva ◽  
Hygor Kristoph Muniz Nunes Alves ◽  
Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz Jardim ◽  
Luciana Sandra Bastos de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Objetivou-se neste estudo quantificar a evapotranspiração real (ETr) e máxima da cultura (ETc) e os coeficientes da cultura (Kc) do consórcio palma-sorgo. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Serra Talhada, PE. O delineamento usado foi em blocos ao acaso, envolvendo cinco lâminas de irrigação (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100% da evapotranspiração de referência - ETo), sob sistema de cultivo consorciado palma-sorgo. O clone de palma forrageira utilizado foi a Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw.) e o cultivar de sorgo, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, a SF 15. O sorgo foi conduzido durante dois ciclos (planta e rebrota) compreendidos em um ciclo anual da palma. A quantificação da ETr e da ETc foi realizada através do resíduo do balanço de água no solo (BAS) a cada 14 dias, com a mensuração dos componentes hidrodinâmicos. As determinações da ETc e do Kc foram realizadas com base na lâmina de 75% da ETo. Os componentes do BAS foram submetidos à análise de regressão, sendo testados modelos polinomiais. Com exceção da variação do armazenamento de água no solo, os demais componentes hidrodinâmicos do solo cultivado sob sistema consorciado palma-sorgo respondem linearmente ao aumento de lâminas de irrigação. A evapotranspiração média diária do consórcio palma-sorgo é igual a 3,0 mm dia-1, independentemente da lâmina de irrigação. Os coeficientes do consórcio palma-sorgo são iguais a 0,40, 0,68, 0,90 e 0,52 durante as fases I, II, III e IV de emissão de cladódios.

Effet antioxydant et antihyperglycémiant du seigle (Secale cereale L.) et du sorgho (Sorghum bicolor L.) chez le rat Wistar rendu diabétique

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S273-S283
Author(s):  
Z. Mami-Soualem ◽  
N. Brixi ◽  
C. Beghdad ◽  
M. Belarbi
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Stress Oxydant ◽  
Habitudes Alimentaires ◽  
Diabète Sucré ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Vitamine C ◽  
Fibres Alimentaires ◽  
Peroxydation Lipidique ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Le changement des habitudes alimentaires au cours de ces dernières années a abouti à l’apparition des maladies dites de civilisation, parmi elles le diabète sucré. Des approches diétothérapeutiques privilégient la consommation des produits céréaliers sous la forme la plus complète possible. Ce travail a pour but de tester l’efficacité des régimes expérimentaux préparés à base des grains complets des deux céréales, le sorgho (Sorghum bicolor L.) et le seigle (Secale cereale L.), sur la correction de l’hyperglycémie et des marqueurs du stress oxydant associés au diabète chez le rat mâle Wistar. Les résultats montrent que les rats diabétiques, soumis au régime seigle pendant quatre semaines, présentent une diminution significative de la glycémie qui atteint les 53,95 % à la fin de l’expérimentation, ce qui fait que leur taux en glycémie se rapproche de celui des normoglycémiques. Le sorgho blanc présente, d’une part, une diminution significative de la peroxydation lipidique intracellulaire et, d’autre part, une augmentation de l’activité de la glutathion peroxydase, la glutathion réductase ainsi que la vitamine C. Ces approches méthodologiques peuvent, en améliorant la connaissance de l’importance des céréales (fibres alimentaires solubles et des polyphénols) dans l’évolution du diabète, aboutir à des recommandations et à une éducation nutritionnelle du diabétique.

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