Reagan's foreign policy: The Mediterranean and the defense of the Gulf

1982 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-282
Author(s):  
Ciro Elliot Zoppo
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
The Mediterranean

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ian Worthington
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Ancient Athens ◽  
Literary Life ◽  
Current Affairs ◽  
Imperial Power ◽  
The Mediterranean

WHEN WE THINK OF ANCIENT Athens, the image that invariably comes to mind is of the Classical city: the Athenian military fighting the Persians for Greek freedom; monuments, like the Parthenon and Erechtheum on the Acropolis, beautifying everywhere one looked; the expansive Agora swarming with people conducting business, discussing current affairs, and generally chit-chatting; citizens taking part in their democracy; and a flourishing intellectual, artistic, and literary life, from performances of tragedies and comedies to the teaching of philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, to great orators like Pericles and Demosthenes declaiming in the Assembly, where domestic and foreign policy was debated and made. Life was anchored in the ideals of freedom, autonomy, and democracy, and in the fifth century at least, Athens was an imperial power second to none in the Mediterranean....

scholarly journals Multi-vector Management of Soft Power Policies: Will Russian Soft Power Be Victimized by the Moscow-Erdogan Association?

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
Costas Melakopides
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Toxic Impact ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Vector Management ◽  
The World ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Mediterranean

This article analyzes the potential impact of Turkeys foreign policy on Russias soft power in several regions of the world. The author believes that the policy of President R.T. Erdogan in the Mediterranean, the Middle East and the Aegean Sea can cause significant damage to the image and international prestige of Moscow. The article argues that Russian policy should minimize the toxic impact of R.T. Erdogans foreign policy on Russias soft power in the considered regions.

scholarly journals The Aftermath of the Mare Nostrum Policy Quandary on Migration in Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Hamza Fadil ◽  
Shen Yi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Irregular Migrants ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Irregular Migrant ◽  
The Arab Spring

Italy is the destination for migration and Libya is the main gateway for sending migrants by sea. Political instability in Libya due to the Arab Spring became fertile ground for smugglers to send thousands of irregular migrants from mainland Africa across the Mediterranean to Europe. The number of irregular migrants who come to cause problems for Italy. Italy is a country that is quite focused on resolving irregular migrant problems, but regulations regarding migrants are still said to be unsuccessful given the growing number of migrants. Migrants who arrive are often referred to as "Marocchini" or Moroccans. This research uses the concept of norms in constructivism. Norms have standards of behavior that contain prohibitions and recommendations of action. After the cessation of Operation Mare Nostrum, Italy continued to show consistency in complying with the laws of the sea and human rights, by continuing to carry out surveillance and rescue at sea. This was reinforced by the statement of the Italian Prime Minister, Matteo Renzi who was committed to making the problem in the Mediterranean a focus of foreign policy and migration became an important political agenda.

Impact of Turmoil and Gas Resources in the Eastern Mediterranean on Jordanian Energy Security and Foreign Policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Summer 2020) ◽  
pp. 237-255
Author(s):  
Ahmad Alshwawra ◽  
Ahmad Almuhtady
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Security Framework ◽  
International Context ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

The Mediterranean region has witnessed a lot of turbulence in the last decade. On the one hand, the Arab uprising changed the shape of the regional relations towards more rivalry. On the other hand, the discovery of natural gas resources has opened up a valuable chance for cooperation and settling the long-standing disputes. Jordan is affected by what happens in the Mediterranean region in more than one aspect. The various economic difficulties including energy insecurity, resulting from multiple refugee crises and the interruption of Egyptian gas is one of the most critical challenges Jordan has ever faced. As a heavy energy importer, the Jordanian energy sector is very sensitive to the regional and International context. The recently discovered Eastern Mediterranean gas is an attractive energy resource for Jordan. Nonetheless, a fear of its influence on the Jordanian foreign policy in the Palestinian context has grown. This article discusses the impact of the recent turmoil in the Mediterranean region on Jordan energy security. It tracks the change of energy security in Jordan between 2010 and 2018 using a proposed energy security framework. The article also discusses the potential implications of Jordan’s decision to import the Mediterranean gas through Israel on Jordanian energy security using the proposed energy security framework. Moreover, the article utilizes semi-systematic literature review methodology to analyze international, regional and national contexts in order to investigate the potential ramifications of that decision on Jordanian foreign policy regarding the Palestinian cause.

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