Impact of Forward and Backward Scattering and Corneal Higher-Order Aberrations on Visual Acuity after Penetrating Keratoplasty

Abstract Background The refractive surgeries induce corneal higher order aberrations (C-HOAs). In this study, change of C-HOAs after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) compared to femtosecond assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (femto-LASIK), and to photorefractive keratectomy with mitomycin-C (PRK) under photopic and mesopic conditions. Methods In this prospective study, age, gender, and apical corneal thickness (ACT) matched cases with moderate myopia [spherical equivalent (SE) 3.00 to 6.00D) to high myopia (SE > 6.00D)] were enrolled. In addition to visual acuity and refraction, total C-HOA, coma, spherical aberration (SA), and trefoil in the 3- and 6-mm zones were measured before and 3 and 6 months after surgery. Results Overall, 372 moderate myopia cases (124 eyes of 124 individuals in each surgical group) and 171 high myopia cases (57 eyes of 57 individuals in each surgical group) were enrolled. At baseline, the differences in age, gender, ACT, uncorrected and corrected visual acuity, and SE were not statistically significant between subgroups of surgical methods within each myopia group (all P > 0.05). At 12 months, in the moderate myopia group, there was less increase in 6-mm zone total C-HOA, coma, and SA with SMILE compared to the other groups (all P < 0.05). In the high myopia group, there was greater increase in photopic total C-HOA and trefoil and less increase in mesopic SA with SMILE (all P < 0.05). Conclusions In correction of moderate myopia, SMILE has better results in mesopic condition. In high myopia correction, femto-LASIK and PRK have better results in photopic and SMILE in mesopic condition.

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Changes in Higher-Order Aberrations after Penetrating Keratoplasty

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society ◽

10.3341/jkos.2012.53.8.1088 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 53 (8) ◽

pp. 1088

Author(s):

Mi Sun Sung ◽

Han Jin Oh ◽

Kyung Chul Yoon

Keyword(s):

Penetrating Keratoplasty ◽

Higher Order ◽

Higher Order Aberrations

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Changes in Higher Order Aberrations after Wavefront-Guided Prk for Correction of Low to Moderate Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism: Two-Year Follow-Up

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/112067210701700405 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 507-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

D. Wygledowska-Promienska ◽

I. Zawojska

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Excimer Laser ◽

Spherical Aberration ◽

Higher Order ◽

Control Group ◽

Higher Order Aberrations ◽

Order Root ◽

Group 2 ◽

Myopic Astigmatism ◽

Group 1

Purpose To assess efficacy, safety, and changes in higher order aberrations after wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in comparison with conventional PRK for low to moderate myopia with myopic astigmatism using a WASCA Workstation with the MEL 70 G-Scan excimer laser. Methods A total of 126 myopic or myopic-astigmatic eyes of 112 patients were included in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1, the study group; and Group 2, the control group. Group 1 consisted of 78 eyes treated with wavefront-guided PRK. Group 2 consisted of 48 eyes treated with spherocylindrical conventional PRK. Results Two years postoperatively, in Group 1, 5% of eyes achieved an uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 0.05; 69% achieved a UCVA of 0.00; 18% of eyes experienced enhanced visual acuity of −0.18 and 8% of −0.30. In Group 2, 8% of eyes achieved a UCVA of 0.1; 25% achieved a UCVA of 0.05; and 67% achieved a UCVA of 0.00 according to logMAR calculation method. Total higher-order root-mean square increased by a factor 1.18 for Group 1 and 1.6 for Group 2. There was a significant increase of coma by a factor 1.74 in Group 2 and spherical aberration by a factor 2.09 in Group 1 and 3.56 in Group 2. Conclusions The data support the safety and effectiveness of the wavefront-guided PRK using a WASCA Workstation for correction of low to moderate refractive errors. This method reduced the number of higher order aberrations induced by excimer laser surgery and improved uncorrected and spectacle-corrected visual acuity when compared to conventional PRK.

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Corneal Higher-Order Aberrations after Microhook ab Interno Trabeculotomy and Goniotomy with the Kahook Dual Blade: Preliminary Early 3-Month Results

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10184115 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (18) ◽

pp. 4115

Author(s):

Hiromitsu Onoe ◽

Kazuyuki Hirooka ◽

Hideaki Okumichi ◽

Yumiko Murakami ◽

Yoshiaki Kiuchi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Visual Acuity ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Cataract Surgery ◽

Higher Order ◽

Higher Order Aberrations ◽

Postoperative Changes ◽

The Mean ◽

Kahook Dual Blade ◽

Ab Interno

We examined postoperative corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) present after combined phacoemulsification with either microhook ab interno trabeculotomy (μLOT-Phaco) or goniotomy, using the Kahook Dual Blade (KDB-Phaco). Retrospective study: A total of 45 eyes underwent μLOT-Phaco and KDB-Phaco (LOT-Phaco) procedures, with 21 eyes that underwent cataract surgery alone used as controls. Visual acuity and corneal HOAs, coma-like aberrations, and spherical-like aberrations were analyzed before and at 1, 2, and 3 months after the surgeries. Risk factors that could potentially influence HOAs were evaluated. No significant postoperative changes were noted for corneal HOAs, coma-like aberrations, and spherical-like aberrations after cataract surgery alone. The mean corneal HOAs, coma-like aberrations, and spherical-like aberrations were 0.222 ± 0.115 μm, 0.203 ± 0.113 μm, and 0.084 ± 0.043 μm at baseline and 0.326 ± 0.195 μm (p < 0.001), 0.302 ± 0.289 μm (p = 0.03), and 0.150 ± 0.115 μm (p < 0.001) at 3 months after LOT-Phaco, respectively. Results of the analysis for risk factors suggested that a longer incision in Schlemm’s canal could influence corneal HOAs, coma-like aberrations, and spherical-like aberrations after LOT-Phaco. Although no significant postoperative changes were observed in corneal HOAs and coma-like or spherical-like aberrations after cataract surgery alone, a significant increase in corneal HOAs and coma-like or spherical-like aberrations remained after the LOT-Phaco procedure.

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Prospective analysis of visual function changes in patients with dermatochalasis after upper eyelid blepharoplasty

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672119857501 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 978-984

Author(s):

Meryem Altin Ekin ◽

Seyda Karadeniz Ugurlu

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Contrast Sensitivity ◽

Visual Function ◽

Spherical Aberration ◽

Higher Order ◽

Rank Test ◽

Higher Order Aberrations ◽

Upper Eyelid ◽

Spatial Frequencies ◽

The Difference

Objective: To evaluate the changes of visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, astigmatism, and higher order aberrations after blepharoplasty in patients with dermatochalasis. Methods: Two hundred six eyelids of 103 patients with dermatochalasis were prospectively studied. Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, corneal topography, astigmatism degree, and higher order aberrations were examined and recorded before and at 1 month after upper eyelid blepharoplasty. Change in contrast sensitivity and astigmatism values were determined according to margin reflex distance of patients, which were classified into three following groups: <2 mm, 2–3 mm, and ⩾ 4 mm. A Wilcoxon signed rank test was performed to compare the difference. Results: No significant differences were observed for visual acuity (p = 0.157). The contrast sensitivity of patients significantly increased at all spatial frequencies both under glare and nonglare conditions (p < 0.05). The mean refractive astigmatism significantly decreased from ‒1.01 ± 1.3 to ‒0.79 ± 0.71, postoperatively (p = 0.029). In patients with marginal reflex distance < 2 mm, mean contrast sensitivity was increased (p < 0.001) and mean astigmatism was decreased significantly (p < 0.001) compared with those with ⩾ 2 mm. Higher order aberrations decreased significantly from 0.62 ± 0.41 µm to 0.55 ± 0.38 µm (p = 0.038) after blepharoplasty. Root mean square of the vertical trefoil (p = 0.038), vertical coma (p = 0.002), horizontal trefoil (p = 0.027), third-order aberration (p = 0.005), secondary vertical stigmatism (p = 0.001), spherical aberration (p = 0.023), secondary horizontal astigmatism (p = 0.002), fourth-order aberration (p = 0.024), vertical pentafoil (p = 0.015), secondary horizontal coma (p = 0.035), secondary horizontal trefoil (p = 0.030), and horizontal pentafoil (p = 0.048) were decreased significantly. Conclusion: Upper eyelid blepharoplasty in patients with dermatochalasis has a significant improvement in visual function in terms of contrast sensitivity, astigmatism, and higher order aberrations.

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Influence of Angle κ and Higher-Order Aberrations on Visual Quality Employing Two Diffractive Trifocal IOLs

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2019/7018937 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cecilio Velasco-Barona ◽

Claudia Corredor-Ortega ◽

Alejandra Mendez-Leon ◽

Nadia L. Casillas-Chavarín ◽

Daniel Valdepeña-López Velarde ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Higher Order ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Strehl Ratio ◽

Higher Order Aberrations ◽

Iol Implantation ◽

Postoperative Visual Acuity ◽

Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Near Visual Acuity

Prospective, randomized, comparative, and controlled study to estimate the association between angle κ distance and higher-order aberrations (HOAs) with postoperative visual acuity after presbyopia-correcting IOL implantation. Forty-three eyes from 43 patients were included and randomly assigned in two groups for either AT LISA tri 839MP or Acrysof IQ PanOptix IOL implantation. The OPD-Scan III analyzer was utilized to assess the angle κ distance and higher-order aberration (HOAs). Twenty-three eyes were in the Acrysof IQ PanOptix group and 20 patients in the AT LISA tri 839MP group. The uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) for the PanOptix group was 0.092 ± 0.10, whereas for AT LISA tri was 0.050 ± 0.06 (P=0.229). The uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA) for the PanOptix group was 0.173 ± 0.18, whereas for AT LISA tri, it was 0.182 ± 0.11 (P=0.669). Uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA) was 0.068 ± 0.04 and 0.085 ± 0.07, respectively (P=0.221). Also, correlation coefficient between HOAs and the Strehl ratio for each group were −0.768 (P<0.0001) and −0.863 (P=0.0001). Patients implanted with both trifocal IOLs showed excellent postoperative visual performance at all distances at the six-month follow-up visit. No association was found between angle κ distance and postoperative visual acuity regardless of the angle κ magnitude or the two trifocal IOLs inner optical diameter. Also, internal aberrations demonstrated a significant inverse correlation with the Strehl ratio for both trifocal IOLs.

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Effect of Cap-Lenticule Diameter Difference on the Visual Outcome and Higher-Order Aberrations in SMILE: 0.4 mm versus 1.0 mm

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2017/8259546 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Banu Torun Acar ◽

Suphi Acar

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Visual Outcome ◽

Higher Order ◽

Early Postoperative Period ◽

Higher Order Aberrations ◽

Corrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Lenticule Extraction ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Purpose. To evaluate the effect of cap-lenticule diameter difference (CLDD) on the visual outcome and higher-order aberrations (HOAs) of small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). Methods. A total of 132 patients who had bilateral SMILE for myopia or myopic astigmatism were included. The CLDD was 0.4 mm in 54 patients (group 1) and 1.0 mm in 78 patients (group 2). The refractive parameters, uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and HOAs were determined preoperatively and during six months follow-up. Results. Group 1 had better CDVA (in logMAR) compared to group 2 at day 1 (−0.07 ± 0.07 versus 0.04 ± 0.07, resp.; p<0.001) and week 1 (−0.07 ± 0.07 versus –0.04 ± 0.07, resp.; p=0.001). The visual acuity improved more in group 1 than in group 2. The UDVA (in logMAR) was 0.07 ± 0.07 and 0.29 ± 0.09 at day 1 (p<0.001) and −0.08 ± 0.07 and −0.06 ± 0.06 at six months (p=0.038) in group 1 and group 2, respectively. Group 1 was associated with significantly less induction of HOAs (0.24 ± 0.08 μm and 0.32 ± 0.26 μm, resp.; p=0.002). Conclusions. In SMILE, 0.4 mm CLDD is associated with better visual outcome and less induction of HOAs than 1.0 mm. Narrow CLDD should be considered in SMILE to increase the visual acuity particularly in the early postoperative period.

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