A novel clinical test for assessing patellar cartilage changes and its correlation with magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopy

A systematic review was undertaken to summarize the data regarding accuracy and effectiveness of artificial intelligence algorithms for identifying MRI manifestations of multiple sclerosis. The review included 39 papers, whose authors put forth a multitude of corresponding algorithms and mathematical models. However, quality assessment of these developments was limited by retrospective testing on repeat data sets. Clinical test results were almost entirely absent, and there were no prospective independent studies of accuracy and applicability. The relatively high values obtained for the main measures (similarity, sensitivity and specificity coefficients, which were 7585%) were offset by the methodological errors when creating the baseline data sets, and lack of validation using independent data. Due to small sample sizes and methodological errors when measuring the result accuracy, most of the studies did not meet the criteria for evidence-based research. Studies with the highest methodological quality had algorithms that achieved a sensitivity of 51.677.0%, with a SrensenDice coefficient of 53.556.0%. These numbers are not high, but they indicate that automatic identification of multiple sclerosis manifestations on magnetic resonance imaging may be achievable. Further development of computer-aided analysis requires the creation of clinical use scenarios and testing methodology, and prospective clinical testing.

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Combined clinical test and magnetic resonance imaging have similar diagnostic values in the diagnosis of subscapularis tear

Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy ◽

10.1007/s00167-021-06518-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Niyazi Ercan ◽

Gokhun Arican ◽

Hayri Can Taskent ◽

Ahmet Ozmeric ◽

Kadir Bahadir Alemdaroglu

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Clinical Test ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Subscapularis Tear ◽

Diagnostic Values

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Increased Magnetic Resonance Imaging Signal of the Lateral Patellar Facet Cartilage: A Functional Marker for Patellar Instability?

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546517705634 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (10) ◽

pp. 2276-2283 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Anna L. Falkowski ◽

Carlo Camathias ◽

Jon A. Jacobson ◽

Olaf Magerkurth

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Patellar Instability ◽

Trochlear Groove ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Patellar Cartilage ◽

Before And After ◽

Lateral Facet ◽

Interreader Agreement

Background: In the knee joint, predisposition for patellar instability can be assessed by an abnormal Insall-Salvati index, tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove (TTTG) distance, and abnormal shape of patella and trochlea. Given the complex anatomic features of the knee joint with varying positions of the patella during motion, the presence of a single or even a combination of these factors does not inevitably result in patellar instability. After trocheoplasty in patients with trochlear dysplasia, assessment of trochlear cartilage and subchondral bone is limited due to postoperative artifacts. Identification of presence of edema in the patellar cartilage may be helpful to identify patellar instability before and after surgery in these patients. Purpose: To determine whether increased signal intensity of the lateral patellar facet cartilage or measurements of abnormal patellofemoral articulation are associated with patellar instability before and after trochleoplasty. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Twenty-two patients with clinical diagnosis of patellar instability who underwent trochleoplasty, with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee before and after surgery, were identified. The following observations and measurements were obtained in preoperative imaging: Insall-Salvati ratio, tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove (TTTG) distance, patellar shape (Wiberg), trochlear shape (Hepp), and edema in the lateral patellar facet cartilage. At 3 to 12 months after surgery, the presence or absence of edema in the cartilage of the lateral facet of the patella, the trochlear shape, and TTTG distance were reassessed. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test and Student t test were used. Interreader agreement was calculated as the Cohen κ or paired Student t test. Results: Increased cartilage signal was present in 20 patients before trochleoplasty and in 4 after trochleoplasty. Insall-Salvati ratio was greater than 1.20 in 20 patients. Patellar shape was greater than type 2 in 18 patients. Trochlear shape was greater than type 2 in 21 patients before and 7 after trochleoplasty. Mean TTTG distance was 14 mm before and 10 mm after surgery. When results before and after surgery were compared, a significant difference was found for cartilage signal, TTTG distance, and trochlear shape. Agreement for observations was moderate to substantial, and no significant differences were found for interreader agreement ( P > .05). Conclusion: Patellar cartilage at the lateral facet of the patella can be assessed after trochleoplasty despite postoperative artifacts in the trochlea. A decrease of patellar edema seems to be associated with improved femoropatellar articulation. Moreover, patellar edema may be used as a functional criterion of patellofemoral instability. This would provide additional information compared to morphologic criteria which just describe predisposing factors for femoropatellar instability.

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Interpretation of ischiofemoral impingement via a clinical test using hip triaxial dynamic magnetic resonance imaging

Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.21037/qims-21-292 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 0-0

Author(s):

Yu-Ping Li ◽

Gui-Ping Li ◽

Kang Liu ◽

Fan Zhao ◽

Jia-Jia Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Clinical Test ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Dynamic Magnetic Resonance ◽

Ischiofemoral Impingement

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Investigation of the relationship between trochlear morphology and medial patellar cartilage defect using magnetic resonance imaging

Acta Orthopaedica Belgica ◽

10.52628/87.2.22 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 87 (2) ◽

pp. 352-358

Author(s):

Semra Duran ◽

Elif Gunaydin

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Cartilage Defect ◽

Structural Damage ◽

Defect Group ◽

Cartilage Defects ◽

Control Group ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Medial Condyle ◽

Patellar Cartilage

The aim of this study was to evaluate trochlear morphology in patients with medial patellar cartilage defects via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Three hundred patients who were diagnosed with grade 2, 3 and 4 medial patellar cartilage defect using MRI according to the International Cartilage Repair Society Classification System and 100 control subjects were evaluated. Trochlear morphology was evaluated based on lateral trochlear inclination (LTI), medial trochlear inclination (MTI), sulcus angle( SA), femoral lateral and medial condyle symmetry, trochlear facet asymmetry, and trochlear width on the axial MR images. The mean SA was significantly higher in the medial patellar cartilage defect group compared to the control group (p<.05). The LTI and MTI of the cartilage defect group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p<.05). With the decreasing LTI and MTI, there was an increase in medial patellar cartilage loss. LTI (r=-0.46) and MTI (r=-0.53) were moderately correlated with SA. There was no significant differences in femoral lateral and medial condyle symmetry, trochlear facet asymmetry, and trochlear width between groups with and without medial patellar cartilge defect (p > .05). A flattened medial trochlea is a risk factor for cartilage structural damage of the medial patellofemoral joint, and it plays a role in the development of a defect in the medial patellar cartilage. The medial patellar cartilage defect is associated with the flattened lateral trochlea.

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Early Knee Cartilage Injury in Athletes and Its Significance in Diagnosis

Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics ◽

10.1166/jmihi.2020.3146 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 2175-2180

Author(s):

Yahong Lan ◽

Jianji Yang

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Articular Cartilage ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

T2 Mapping ◽

Cartilage Injury ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Knee Cartilage ◽

Patellar Cartilage ◽

Early Injury ◽

Lateral Area

Objective: The objective is to study the application and significance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of early knee joint cartilage injury in athletes, so as to provide corresponding rehabilitation training. Method: The imaging manifestations of T2 mapping of patellar cartilage in athletes and healthy volunteers are studied. 32 national professional athletes are included. The imaging characteristics of T2 mapping pseudocolor images of normal patellar cartilage are analyzed. The image characteristics of early patellar cartilage injury in T2 mapping pseudocolor images are analyzed, and the comparison of cartilage injury between athletes and ordinary people, as well as the injury of left and right knee cartilage of athletes are obtained. Results: The average value of T2 (T2av) of right patellar cartilage of athletes is higher than that of left patellar cartilage, and there are significant differences. The average T2av of right patellar cartilage is slightly higher than that of left patellar cartilage in healthy volunteers, with no significant differences. With the increase of training years, the color scale of patellar cartilage gradually increases, from the surface to the deep layer. In addition, the damage is aggravated, the blue range is reduced, the green range is expanded, and some yellow areas appear, which are more mixed. The lateral area and deviation to lateral area of right patellar cartilage are more obvious, and the T2 value is increased. Conclusion: T2 mapping can reflect the early injury of articular cartilage sensitively, intuitively and quantitatively. Before the morphological changes, the changes of biochemical structure of degenerative articular cartilage can be found by T2 mapping, which can provide theoretical support for the detection of early injury of knee cartilage in athletes.

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Information Processing and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Indices of Brain Pathology in Multiple Sclerosis

International Journal of MS Care ◽

10.7224/1537-2073-14.2.84 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 84-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Antonina Omisade ◽

John D. Fisk ◽

Raymond M. Klein ◽

Matthias Schmidt ◽

Sultan Darvesh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Cognitive Processing ◽

Processing Speed ◽

Clinical Test ◽

Brain Pathology ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Cognitive Changes ◽

Cognitive Processing Speed

Accumulation of central nervous system (CNS) pathology affects cognitive processing speed and efficiency and is thought to underlie attentional and executive deficits in multiple sclerosis (MS). Most clinical neuropsychological tests are multifactorial and are limited in their sensitivity to specific cognitive processes. This may, in part, account for the low to moderate correlations between clinical test results and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indices of brain pathology. We compared the ability of a clinical and an experimental test of cognitive processing speed to differentiate domain-specific cognitive changes in MS, and examined relations between test performance and MRI measures of brain pathology. Twelve MS patients and 12 controls completed the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) and the Attention Networks Test–Interactions (ANT-I), a computerized response latency task. Subjects also had MRI scans that included T1, T2, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences that provided global and localized volumetric measures. Patients made more errors on the PASAT and were slower on the ANT-I. The ANT-I also revealed specific deficits in response inhibition. In addition, ANT-I performance was associated with changes in a number of MRI measures, which was not the case for the PASAT. Reaction time paradigms that manipulate within-task demands on distinct cognitive functions may provide meaningful markers of brain disease burden in MS.

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