scholarly journals Investigation of the relationship between trochlear morphology and medial patellar cartilage defect using magnetic resonance imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-358
Author(s):  
Semra Duran ◽  
Elif Gunaydin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cartilage Defect ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Defect Group ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Medial Condyle ◽  
Patellar Cartilage

The aim of this study was to evaluate trochlear morphology in patients with medial patellar cartilage defects via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Three hundred patients who were diagnosed with grade 2, 3 and 4 medial patellar cartilage defect using MRI according to the International Cartilage Repair Society Classification System and 100 control subjects were evaluated. Trochlear morphology was evaluated based on lateral trochlear inclination (LTI), medial trochlear inclination (MTI), sulcus angle( SA), femoral lateral and medial condyle symmetry, trochlear facet asymmetry, and trochlear width on the axial MR images. The mean SA was significantly higher in the medial patellar cartilage defect group compared to the control group (p<.05). The LTI and MTI of the cartilage defect group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p<.05). With the decreasing LTI and MTI, there was an increase in medial patellar cartilage loss. LTI (r=-0.46) and MTI (r=-0.53) were moderately correlated with SA. There was no significant differences in femoral lateral and medial condyle symmetry, trochlear facet asymmetry, and trochlear width between groups with and without medial patellar cartilge defect (p > .05). A flattened medial trochlea is a risk factor for cartilage structural damage of the medial patellofemoral joint, and it plays a role in the development of a defect in the medial patellar cartilage. The medial patellar cartilage defect is associated with the flattened lateral trochlea.

Does diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging have a place in the differential diagnosis of brucella sacroiliitis and seronegative spondyloarthropathy?

2020 ◽  
pp. 028418512093837
Author(s):  
Sunay Sibel Karayol ◽  
Kudret Cem Karayol
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
The Mean

Background The aim of this study is to investigate the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the differential diagnosis of sacroiliitis. Purpose To compare the sacroiliac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations of patients with suspected active sacroiliitis with patients with acute SpA MR findings and the DWI examinations of patients with acute brucella sacroiliitis, and thereby determine whether DWI can contribute to the differential diagnosis. Material and Methods A total of 84 patients were included in the study and were separated into three groups: group 1 (13 women, 6 men) comprised cases with brucella positive for sacroiliitis; group 2 (17 women, 19 men) comprised cases negative for brucella but with sacroiliitis; and group 3 (16 women, 13 men) comprised cases negative for brucella and sacroiliitis. Results The mean bone marrow apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values independently of edema were determined as 0.71 × 10−3 in sacroiliitis and brucella-positive patients, as 0.53 × 10−3 in brucella-negative and sacroiliitis-positive patients, and as 0.43 × 10−3 in the control group of brucella-negative sacroiliitis-negative patients. In the ADC measurements taken from areas of evident edema in patients with sacroiliitis, the mean values were 0.13 × 10−3 in the brucella-positive group and 0.12 × 10−3 in the brucella-negative group. Conclusion By adding DWI, which is a rapid MR sequence, to sacroiliac joint MR examination, normal bone marrow and bone marrow with sacroiliitis can be objectively differentiated with ADC measurements in addition to visual evaluation.

scholarly journals Analysis of Combined Treatment of Embolic Stroke in Rat with r-tPA and a GPIIb/IIIa Inhibitor

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangliang Ding ◽  
Quan Jiang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Zheng Gang Zhang ◽  
Lian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Thrombolytic Therapy ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Embolic Stroke ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebral Microvessels ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Suppression of platelet activation improves the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy for stroke. Thus, combination treatment with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) and 7E3 F(ab′)2, a GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor that binds the platelet to fibrin, may improve the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy in embolic stroke. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to monitor treatment response in rats subjected to embolic middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion (MCAo). Animals were randomized into treated ( n = 12) and control ( n = 10) groups and received intravenous combination therapy or saline, respectively, 4 hours after MCAo. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements performed 1 hour after MCAo showed no difference between groups. However, an increased incidence (50%) of MCA recanalization was found in the treated group at 24 hours compared with 20% in the control group. The area of low cerebral blood flow at 24 and 48 hours was significantly smaller in the combination treatment group, and the lesion size, as indicated from the T2 and T1 maps, differed significantly between groups. Fluorescence microscopy measurements of cerebral microvessels perfused with fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran and measurements of infarct volume revealed that the combination treatment significantly increased microvascular patency and reduced infarct volume, respectively, compared with the control rats. The efficacy of combination treatment 4 hours after ischemia is reflected by MRI indices of tissue perfusion, MCA recanalization, and reduction of lesion volume. The treatment also reduced secondary microvascular perfusion deficits.

The Difference between Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measurements of Tibial Tubercle–Trochlear Groove Distance for Patients with or without Patellofemoral Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (08) ◽  
pp. 768-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Heng Sharon Tan ◽  
Beatrice Ying Lim ◽  
Kiat Soon Jason Chng ◽  
Chintan Doshi ◽  
Francis K.L. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Patellofemoral Instability ◽  
Tibial Tubercle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trochlear Groove ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ct And Mri

AbstractThe tibial tubercle–trochlear groove (TT–TG) distance was originally described for computed tomography (CT) but has recently been used on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without sufficient evidence demonstrating its validity on MRI. The current review aims to evaluate (1) whether there is a difference in the TT–TG distances measured using CT and MRI, (2) whether both the TT–TG distances measured using CT and MRI could be used to differentiate between patients with or without patellofemoral instability, and (3) whether the same threshold of 15 to 20 mm can be applied for both TT–TG distances measured using CT and MRI. The review was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRSIMA) guidelines. All studies that compared TT–TG distances either (1) between CT and MRI or (2) between patients with and without patellofemoral instability were included. A total of 23 publications were included in the review. These included a total of 3,040 patients. All publications reported the TT–TG distance to be greater in patients with patellofemoral instability as compared to those without patellofemoral instability. This difference was noted for both TT–TG distances measured on CT and on MRI. All publications also reported the TT–TG distance measured on CT to be greater than that measured on MRI (mean difference [MD] = 1.79 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91–2.68). Pooling of the studies revealed that the mean TT–TG distance for the control group was 12.85 mm (95% CI: 11.71–14.01) while the mean TT–TG distance for patients with patellofemoral instability was 18.33 mm (95% CI: 17.04–19.62) when measured on CT. When measured on MRI, the mean TT–TG distance for the control group was 9.83 mm (95% CI: 9.11–10.54), while the mean TT–TG distance for patients with patellofemoral instability was 15.33 mm (95% CI: 14.24–16.42). Both the TTTG distances measured on CT and MRI could be used to differentiate between patients with and without patellofemoral instability. Patients with patellofemoral instability had significantly greater TT–TG distances than those without. However, the TT–TG distances measured on CT were significantly greater than that measured on MRI. Different cut-off values should, therefore, be used for TT–TG distances measured on CT and on MRI in the determination of normal versus abnormal values. Pooling of all the patients included in the review then suggest for 15.5 ± 1.5 mm to be used as the cut off for TT–TG distance measured on CT, and for 12.5 ± 2 mm to be used as the cut-off for TT–TG distance measured on MRI. The Level of evidence for this study is IV.

scholarly journals The Glycosaminoglycan Content of Hip Cartilage in Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head: Evaluation with Delayed Gadolinium-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cartilage

Cartilage ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Qidong Zhang ◽  
Wanshou Guo ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Qichao Zhao ◽  
Zhaohui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of Femoral Head ◽  
Joint Preserving Surgery ◽  
Hip Cartilage ◽  
Arco Classification

Objective Hip cartilage quality is essential for the success of joint-preserving surgery for osteonecrosis. This study aimed to characterize cartilage changes in osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) using delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC). Design Fifteen asymptomatic (control) and 60 ONFH subjects were included in this study. The ONFH subjects were stratified in accordance with the Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) classification ( n = 15 hips per ARCO stage). All participant hips were investigated using dGEMRIC and theT1Gd data were collected and analyzed. Results T1Gd value was significantly lower in the ONFH group (365.1 ± 90.5 ms; range 200-498 ms) compared with the control group (546.1 ± 26.0 ms; range 504-580 ms) ( P < 0.001). The T1Gd values of ARCO stage I-IV ONFH were 460.2 ± 17.3 ms (439-498 ms), 408.9 ± 43.4 ms (337-472 ms), 359.9 ± 34.5 ms (303-412 ms), 231.5 ± 15.1 ms (200-253 ms), respectively. Decreased T1Gd value was found to correlate significantly with increased ONFH severity ( P < 0.001). T1Gd value in collapse stage was significantly lower than that of noncollapse stage (295.7 ± 70.3 ms [range 200-412 ms] vs. 434.6 ± 41.7 ms [range 337-498 ms]; P < 0.001). Conclusions dGEMRIC identified hip cartilage as abnormal in ONFH, even at early-stage, as represented by decreased T1Gd, and this was further aggravated by ONFH collapse.

Detection of Erosions in Sacroiliac Joints of Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis Using the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Volumetric Interpolated Breath-hold Examination

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 1445-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xenofon Baraliakos ◽  
Florian Hoffmann ◽  
Xiaohu Deng ◽  
Yan-Yan Wang ◽  
Feng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Breath Hold ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Sacroiliac Joints ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Objective.The volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique can visualize erosive cartilage defects in peripheral joints. We evaluated the ability of VIBE to detect erosions in sacroiliac joints (SIJ) of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) compared to the established T1-weighted MRI sequence and computed tomography (CT).Methods.MRI (T1-weighted and VIBE) and CT scans of SIJ of 109 patients with axSpA were evaluated by 2 blinded readers based on SIJ quadrants (SQ). Erosions were defined according to Assessment of Spondyloarthritis international Society (ASAS) definitions. Scores were recorded if readers were in agreement.Results.Erosions were less frequently detected by CT (153 SQ) than by T1-weighted MRI (182 SQ; p = 0.008) and VIBE-MRI (199 SQ; p < 0.001 vs CT and p = 0.031 vs T1-weighted MRI). Taking CT as the gold standard, the sensitivity of VIBE-MRI (71.2%) was higher than that for T1-weighted MRI (63.4%), with similar specificity (87.3% vs 88%, respectively). In linear regression analysis, younger age was significantly associated with occurrence of erosions independently in VIBE-MRI (β = 0.384, p < 0.001) and T1-weighted MRI (β = 0.369, p < 0.001) compared to CT.Conclusion.The VIBE-MRI sequence was more sensitive than T1-weighted MRI in identifying erosive damage in the SIJ, especially in younger patients. This might be due to the ability of VIBE-MRI to identify structural changes in the cartilage that have not yet extended to the underlying bone, where CT seems to be superior.

scholarly journals Prediction of the Outcome of Cochlear Implantation in the Patients with Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Jae Han ◽  
Yun Bae ◽  
Seul Song ◽  
Jae-Jin Song ◽  
Ja-Won Koo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Congenital Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

The goal of this study was to elucidate radiologic biomarker that can predict the outcome of cochlear implantation (CI) in congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) related deafness. A retrospective survey of speech perception after CI and an evaluation of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were performed in 10 cochlear implantees with cCMV-related prelingual deafness. Specifically, a special attention was paid to the degree of white matter (WM) abnormality shown in brain MRI, which was used to divide our cohort into two groups: The mild and severe pathology groups. Age-matched prelingual deaf patients with idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss were selected as controls. Subjects in mild pathology groups showed higher a Category of Auditory Performance (CAP) score (5.2 ± 0.8) than those with severe pathologies (3.4 ± 1.5) (P = 0.041). Importantly, speech performance from subjects with mild pathology was comparable to that of the control group (mean CAP score of 5.2 ± 0.8 vs. 5.1 ± 1.2) (P = 0.898). Mild pathologies related to the limited WM lesion in MRI not accompanied by severe MRI pathologies, such as diffuse WM abnormality, myelination delay, ventriculomegaly, migration abnormality, and cerebellar hypoplasia, can be tolerated and do not adversely affect the CI outcome in cCMV deafness.

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