French language policy in sub‐Saharan Africa

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-481
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Parker
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
French Language ◽  
Sub Saharan

Language Policy and Planning in Independent Namibia

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 240-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfrid Haacke
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Language Policy And Planning ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Policy Document ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Policy And Planning ◽  
Local Languages

An advantage of Namibia's late attainment of independence is that it can benefit from the experience of other African countries that achieved independence some thirty years earlier. Hence Namibia is unique in that it is the only country in sub-Saharan Africa that at the time of attaining independence already provided for constitutional rights for its local languages. The major policy document of the then liberation movement SWAPO, Toward a language policy for an independent Namibia (United Nations Institute for Namibia 1981), which was published in Lusaka by the institute (UNIN) as proceedings of a seminar held in 1980, essentially set the trend for the policies pursued since independence in 1990.

scholarly journals The French Language in sub-Saharan Africa: Revisited

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome Baghana ◽  
◽  
Katarina Slobodova Novakova ◽  
Jana Birova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
French Language ◽  
Sub Saharan

The Economics of Language Policy

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Language Diversity ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

In an era of globalization, issues of language diversity have economic and political implications. Transnational labor mobility, trade, social inclusion of migrants, democracy in multilingual countries, and companies’ international competitiveness all have a linguistic dimension; yet economists in general do not include language as a variable in their research. This volume demonstrates that the application of rigorous economic theories and research methods to issues of language policy yields valuable insights. The contributors offer both theoretical and empirical analyses of such topics as the impact of language diversity on economic outcomes, the distributive effects of policy regarding official languages, the individual welfare consequences of bilingualism, and the link between language and national identity. Their research is based on data from countries including Canada, India, Kazakhstan, and Indonesia and from the regions of Central America, Europe, and Sub-Saharan Africa. Theoretical models are explained intuitively for the nonspecialist. The relationships among linguistic variables, inequality, and the economy are approached from different perspectives, including economics, sociolinguistics, and political science. For this reason, the book offers a substantive contribution to interdisciplinary work on languages in society and language policy, proposing a common framework for a shared research area Contributors: Alisher Aldashev, Katalin Buzási, Ramon Caminal, Alexander M. Danzer, Maxime Leblanc Desgagné, Peter H. Egger, Ainhoa Aparicio Fenoll, Michele Gazzola, Victor Ginsburgh, Gilles Grenier, François Grin, Zoe Kuehn, Andrea Lassmann, Stephen May, Serge Nadeau, Suzanne Romaine, Selma K. Sonntag, Stefan Sperlich, José-Ramón Uriarte, François Vaillancourt, Shlomo Weber, Bengt-Arne Wickström, Lauren Zentz

scholarly journals ENGLISH AND FRENCH LANGUAGES IN MULTIBUAGE AFRICA: LANGUAGE POLICY AND EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-243
Author(s):  
E.L. Kuksova ◽  
T.G. Voloshina ◽  
Yu.S. Blazhevich
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Sociocultural Environment ◽  
European Languages ◽  
French And English ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Postcolonial Africa ◽  
The One

The study focuses on the existence of French and English in sub-Saharan Africa. The article discusses two new linguocultural environments that have developed in postcolonial Africa: anglophone and francophone. Scientists raise the question of the state status of English and French in Sub-Saharan Africa, their sociocultural role and the problems of their functioning in these countries. Particular attention is paid to the ongoing language policy in sub-Saharan Africa, according to which English and French become an obligatory component of the sociocultural environment, which, on the one hand, is imposed against the will of Africans, and, on the other hand, unites multilingual African ethnic groups. The main role in the conduct of language policy is played by education, through which the European languages in question penetrate into an unnatural linguocultural environment for them. The paper describes the approaches to teaching languages, typical of English-speaking and French-speaking countries, evaluating their strengths and weaknesses.

Conclusion

2016 ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
Ruth Bush
Keyword(s):  
Black Writers ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
French Language ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
Literary Value ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
National Imaginary ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Post War ◽  
Political Realities

In post-war France, literary representations of sub-Saharan Africa were written and read in response to political, aesthetic, and commercial imperatives. A greater number of these representations appeared in the late 1950s and early 1960s from a flourishing African literary scene which built consciously on the achievements of black writers in France during the inter-war years and as French publishers responded to growing – if still very limited – interest among metropolitan readers. The literary field of this period was gradually reconfigured by decolonization and its destabilizing effect on ideas of literary value and authority and their, often unconscious, attachment to the French national imaginary. This is seen in the degree of meaning attached to African authorship by readers, attitudes towards the French language, and editorial mediations of literary style. Whether explicitly engaged with the complex political realities of decolonization, affirming black cultural identities, or reproducing colonial stereotypes of exotic difference, decisions were made regarding the form, content, and material production of a very wide range of texts. What emerges is a complex portrait of the French-language publishing scene during the so-called ...

RTS,S/AS01, a vaccine targeting pre-erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-537
Author(s):  
Lorenz von Seidlein ◽  
Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn ◽  
Podjanee Jittmala ◽  
Sasithon Pukrittayakamee
Keyword(s):  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Pivotal Phase ◽  
Malaria Epidemiology ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Sub Saharan

RTS,S/AS01 is the most advanced vaccine to prevent malaria. It is safe and moderately effective. A large pivotal phase III trial in over 15 000 young children in sub-Saharan Africa completed in 2014 showed that the vaccine could protect around one-third of children (aged 5–17 months) and one-fourth of infants (aged 6–12 weeks) from uncomplicated falciparum malaria. The European Medicines Agency approved licensing and programmatic roll-out of the RTSS vaccine in malaria endemic countries in sub-Saharan Africa. WHO is planning further studies in a large Malaria Vaccine Implementation Programme, in more than 400 000 young African children. With the changing malaria epidemiology in Africa resulting in older children at risk, alternative modes of employment are under evaluation, for example the use of RTS,S/AS01 in older children as part of seasonal malaria prophylaxis. Another strategy is combining mass drug administrations with mass vaccine campaigns for all age groups in regional malaria elimination campaigns. A phase II trial is ongoing to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the RTSS in combination with antimalarial drugs in Thailand. Such novel approaches aim to extract the maximum benefit from the well-documented, short-lasting protective efficacy of RTS,S/AS01.

Mortality and Society in Sub-Saharan Africa

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-556
Author(s):  
Lado Ruzicka
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan
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