scholarly journals Contradictory migration management? Differentiated security approaches to visa overstay and irregular border crossings in the European Union

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Frida Hansen ◽  
Johanna Pettersson
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Border Crossings ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Migration Management ◽  
Irregular Border

scholarly journals Externalizing Migration Management through Soft Law: The Case of the Memorandum of Understanding between Libya and Italy

Global Jurist ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martino Reviglio
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Migration Management ◽  
The Many ◽  
Law Making

Abstract The externalization of migration management to third countries is becoming a recurrent phenomenon in international migration management. Soft law instruments emerged as an important strategy to externalize migration management to third countries through international migration agreements. In particular, in the last years the European Union and some member states have adopted bilateral and multilateral migration agreements in order to diminish the arrival of migrants in Europe. These agreements in the form of soft law instruments are problematic because do not follow the ordinary process of law making and thus it is difficult to assess their legal effectivity. The memorandum of understanding signed in February 2017 between Libya and Italy represents an illustrative case of the process of externalizing migration management through soft law. From a critical discussion of the memorandum, many problems in relation to its legal and material validity follow. In particular, the protection of migrants’ human rights in Libya is not guaranteed as the many international organization and NGOs reports indicate.

La solución europea a la crisismigratoria: “análisis de los mecanismos de prevención y gestión de crisis migratorias”

2020 ◽  
pp. 745
Author(s):  
Isaac De Toro Mezquita
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Border Crossings ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Migration Flow ◽  
Irregular Migrants ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Migration Crisis

 La crisis migratoria llevó la migración a la agenda política y puso de manifiesto las debilidades de la Unión Europea, de FRONTEX y de los Estados Miembros en los mecanismos de gestión de las fronteras exteriores. En el año 2015 se detectaron más de 1.5 millones de cruces fronterizos ilegales en las fronteras exteriores, lo que representó un pico histórico de llegadas, siendo Turquía uno de los principales puntos de entrada, con alrededor de 800.000 migrantes irregulares y de nacionalidad siria mas de 500.0003. Con el fin de frenar el flujo migratorio irregular la Unión Europea llegó a un acuerdo con Turquía consiguiendo una drástica disminución de las entradas en Europa. Sin embargo, el número de llegadas está creciendo de nuevo y, aunque la situación no puede compararse con la del año 2015, la tendencia al alza se está consolidando. Esta situación se agrava con el inicio de la ofensiva militar turca contra los kurdos en Siria y por la amenaza del presidente Recep Tayyip Erdoğan que de romper el acuerdo con la Unión Europea y dejar entrar irregularmente mas de 3.6 millones de personas. La prioridad europea para solucionar la crisis migratoria se ha centrado en la estabilización con medidas ad hoc en lugar de una planificación a largo plazo. The migrant crisis brought migration to the political agenda and exposed the weaknesses of the European Unión, FRONTEX and Member States in the border management mechanisms. In 2015 more than 1.5 million illegal border crossings were detected at external borders, representing an all-time peak of arrivals, with Turkey being one of the main entry points, with around 800,000 irregular migrants, and more than 500,000 Syrian nationals. The European Union reached an agreement with Turkey to end to the irregular migration flow, resulting in a decrease in irregular entries into Europe. However, the number of arrivals is growing again and, although the situation cannot be compared to that of 2015, the upward trend is consolidating. This situation is aggravated by the start of the Turkish military offensive against the Kurds in Syria and by President Erdoğan Recep Tayyip’s threat to break the agreement with the EU and irregularly let in more than 3.6 million people. The European priority for solving the migration crisis has focused on stabilization with ad hoc measures rather than long-term planning.

scholarly journals The Role of Schengen in the Development of Peripheral Borderland Regions

2011 ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
Szabolcs Pásztor
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Border Studies ◽  
Border Crossings ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Settlement Development ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
Interaction System

This study aims to uncover the role of the Schengen borders of the European Union in rural and settlement development. Schengen integration applies certain restrictions at the external border-crossings, so the filtering role is to be taken into consideration. In addition to the disappearance of borders in the globalising economic area, the strict Schengen rules further burden the development of cross-border interactions, bringing about less frequent border crossings. Moreover, the economic integration of the affected borderlands would remain sluggish. The author points to the fact that the dynamics of a border interaction system should include a Schengen border degree between the interdependent and integrated borderland levels. Consequently, the Schengen borderlands should be in the focus of further border studies.

Astray and Stranded at the Gates of The European Union: African Transit Migrants in İstanbul

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 129-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Yükseker ◽  
Kelly Todd Brewer
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
African Migrants ◽  
Migration Management ◽  
Migration Control ◽  
Transit Migration

AbstractThis paper discusses the consequences of EU migration control policies on irregular and transit migration in Turkey by focusing on African migrants. Our argument is that the EU's concern with transit migration through the Mediterranean and hence its externalization and securitization of migration control have contributed to Turkey's becoming a waiting room for irregular and transit migrants. Based on the findings of a survey with African migrants in İstanbul and analysis of secondary sources, we show that many African migrants get stranded in Turkey. In the absence of an institutional setup for migration management and the prevalence of a security approach, migrants are faced with humanitarian problems and human rights violations.

Border Crossings: The First Twenty-Five Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-158
Author(s):  
Michael Walling
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Border Crossings ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Intercultural Performance ◽  
Artistic Director ◽  
The Relationship

Michael Walling here looks back over the first twenty-five years of Border Crossings, the company he founded in 1995. The article explores the company’s intercultural remit, placing it within the wider context of multicultural and intercultural performance and policy, and the relationship between intercultural theory and practice. Structural questions around finance and organization are juxtaposed with an assessment of the dynamics of cross-cultural devising and the ethics of these collaborations. This article also explores Border Crossings’ text-based work, its curation of the ORIGINS Festival of First Nations and related ceremonies, and the company’s direct engagement with policy in the European Union. It is accompanied by a comprehensive chronology of the company’s productions. Michael Walling is Artistic Director of Border Crossings and Visiting Professor at Rose Bruford College. He has directed numerous productions across four continents, including opera as well as theatre.

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