Phonic Blending and Transfer of Letter Training to Word Reading in Children

1972 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Muller
Keyword(s):  
Word Reading ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Word Naming ◽  
Positive Transfer ◽  
Reading Task ◽  
Letter Naming

This study uses pre-readers to examine transfer of letter-naming skills to a word-naming task in a variety of paradigms. It was found that transfer phenomena observed in adults do not universally generalize to the pre-reader and that training in phonic blending is necessary in order for phonic-letter training to yield positive transfer to a word-reading task.

Foveal Word Reading Requires Interhemispheric Communication

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1373-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoë R. Hunter ◽  
Marc Brysbaert ◽  
Stefan Knecht
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Word Naming ◽  
Generation Task ◽  
Interhemispheric Communication ◽  
Language Representation

The left cerebral hemisphere is dominant for language processing in most individuals. It has been suggested that this asymmetric language representation can influence behavioral performance in foveal word-naming tasks. We carried out two experiments in which we obtained laterality indices by means of functional imaging during a mental word-generation task, using functional transcranial Doppler sonography and functional magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. Subsequently, we administered a behavioral word-naming task, where participants had to name foveally presented words of different lengths shown in different fixation locations shifted horizontally across the screen. The optimal viewing position for left language dominant individuals is located between the beginning and the center of a word. It is shifted toward the end of a word for right language dominant individuals and, to a lesser extent, for individuals with bilateral language representation. These results demonstrate that interhemispheric communication is required for foveal word recognition. Consequently, asymmetric representations of language and processes of interhemispheric transfer should be taken into account in theoretical models of visual word recognition to ensure neurological plausibility.

Predictive Inference Activation

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doriane Gras ◽  
Hubert Tardieu ◽  
Serge Nicolas
Keyword(s):  
Naming Task ◽  
Word Naming ◽  
Predictive Inference ◽  
Text Reading ◽  
Predictive Inferences

Predictive inferences are anticipations of what could happen next in the text we are reading. These inferences seem to be activated during reading, but a delay is necessary for their construction. To determine the length of this delay, we first used a classical word-naming task. In the second experiment, we used a Stroop-like task to verify that inference activation was not due to strategies applied during the naming task. The results show that predictive inferences are naturally activated during text reading, after approximately 1 s.

A Unique Asymmetrical Stroop Effect in Absolute Pitch Possessors

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilach Akiva-Kabiri ◽  
Avishai Henik
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Stroop Task ◽  
Stroop Effect ◽  
Congruency Effect ◽  
Absolute Pitch ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Color Naming ◽  
Reading Task ◽  
Pitch Processing ◽  
Reverse Pattern

The Stroop task has been employed to study automaticity or failures of selective attention for many years. The effect is known to be asymmetrical, with words affecting color naming but not vice versa. In the current work two auditory-visual Stroop-like tasks were devised in order to study the automaticity of pitch processing in both absolute pitch (AP) possessors and musically trained controls without AP (nAP). In the tone naming task, participants were asked to name the auditory tone while ignoring a visual note name. In the note naming task, participants were asked to read a note name while ignoring the auditory tone. The nAP group showed a significant congruency effect only in the tone naming task, whereas AP possessors showed the reverse pattern, with a significant congruency effect only in the note reading task. Thus, AP possessors were unable to ignore the auditory tone when asked to read the note, but were unaffected by the verbal note name when asked to label the auditory tone. The results suggest that pitch identification in participants endowed with AP ability is automatic and impossible to suppress.

Word Reading Task

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Suk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Word Reading ◽  
Reading Task

Patterns of Language Impairment in Early ALS

2020 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000001006
Author(s):  
Marta Pinto-Grau ◽  
Bronagh Donohoe ◽  
Sarah O’Connor ◽  
Lisa Murphy ◽  
Emmet Costello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Lexical Processing ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Word Naming ◽  
Word Spelling

ABSTRACTObjective.To investigate the incidence and nature of language change and its relationship to executive dysfunction in a population-based incident ALS sample, with the hypothesis that patterns of frontotemporal involvement in early ALS extend beyond areas of executive control to regions associated with language processing.Methods.One hundred and seventeen population-based incident ALS cases without dementia and 100 controls matched by age, sex and education were included in the study. A detailed assessment of language processing including lexical processing, word spelling, word reading, word naming, semantic processing and syntactic/grammatical processing was undertaken. Executive domains of phonemic verbal fluency, working memory, problem-solving, cognitive flexibility and social cognition were also evaluated.Results.Language processing was impaired in this incident cohort of individuals with ALS, with deficits in the domains of word naming, orthographic processing and syntactic/grammatical processing. Conversely, phonological lexical processing and semantic processing were spared. While executive dysfunction accounted in part for impairments in grammatical and orthographic lexical processing, word spelling, reading and naming, primary language deficits were also present.Conclusions.Language impairment is characteristic of ALS at early stages of the disease, and can develop independently of executive dysfunction, reflecting selective patterns of frontotemporal involvement at disease onset. Language change is therefore an important component of the frontotemporal syndrome associated with ALS.

Nonconscious Perception, Where are You?

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-2) ◽  
pp. 1243-1250
Author(s):  
Janet D. Larsen ◽  
Cheryl K. Yatsko ◽  
Bonnie McCulley ◽  
Thomas Fritsch
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Word Naming ◽  
Recognition Threshold ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Nonconscious Perception

In three studies, no evidence of nonconscious perception was found, although general procedures used in previous studies reporting the effect were followed. Presence/absence thresholds (Exps. 1 and 2) or recognition threshold (Exp. 3) were established for each subject. There was no difference in the effects of related and unrelated primes on voice reaction time during a word naming task. These findings raise questions about the robustness of nonconscious priming effects.

scholarly journals Word Reading Fluency as a Serial Naming Task

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanassios Protopapas ◽  
Katerina Katopodi ◽  
Angeliki Altani ◽  
George K. Georgiou
Keyword(s):  
Reading Fluency ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Serial Naming

Effects of attention and semantic relation on event-related potentials in a picture-word naming task

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie L. Greenham ◽  
Robert M. Stelmack ◽  
Kenneth B. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Semantic Relation ◽  
Word Naming ◽  
Related Potentials

scholarly journals The Effect of Length on Word Recognition (in Reading): The Case of Arabic // تأثير طول الكلمة على دقة القراءة: العربية كدراسة حالة

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deia Ganayim ◽  
Shireen Ganayim
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Word Length ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Global Features ◽  
Analytical Process ◽  
Lexical Route ◽  
Word Length Effect ◽  
Holistic Process

In this study, two experiments were conducted to assess the role of word length in visual word recognition. In Experiment 1 two lists of Arabic three and five letter words were used in a print word-reading task which measured accuracy and reading time. In Experiment 2, three, four and five letter words were displayed in the center of fixation on a screen in a naming task measuring accuracy and naming time. In reading, two contrasting processes have been suggested: the holistic process and the analytical process. According to the holistic process, the recognition of a word is determined by its global features and configuration. Consequently, reading consists of the simultaneous processing of all the letters of a word in parallel. In contrast, according to the analytical process, reading is a sequential screening of all the letters within a particular word. Length effect—that is, short words are recognized more rapidly and accurately than long words—is the signature of analytical processing of the non-lexical route due to its seriality which is caused by assembled phonology. The results of both experiments revealed that the average reading time of Arabic words from paper and screen was affected by word length, reflecting certain analytical processes and the activation of a non-lexical route, in which letters are processed sequentially.

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