Reflections: building a culture of evidence to counter the assault on truth

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
E. Doyle Stevick
Keyword(s):  
Culture Of Evidence

scholarly journals Assessment as Action Research: Bridging Academic Scholarship and Everyday Practice

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Janicke Hinchliffe
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Informed Decision Making ◽  
Culture Of Evidence ◽  
Academic Scholarship ◽  
Scholarly Projects

"This introductory essay demonstrates that action research has a vital role in evidence informed practice in academic libraries. Scholarly projects like the ones described in thisspecial issue can support the development of a culture of evidence-informed decision making. Through the articles in this issue, readers can come to a deeper understanding ofaction research as a productive, appropriate, and rigorous way of knowing and generating knowledge. Action research studies, such as these, are effective means of buildinga profession’s ways of knowing, nurturing a community of practice, and generating legitimate and rigorous scholarship. We invite you to learn, through the thoughtfulcontributions of these authors, the value of this research approach as well as their results."

What is a Culture of Evidence? How do you Get One? and … Should you Want One?

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Peck ◽  
Morva A. Mcdonald
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Teacher Education ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
Culture Of Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based Decision Making

Background/Context Contemporary state and national policy rhetoric reflects increased press for “evidence-based” decision making within programs of teacher education, including admonitions that programs develop a “culture of evidence” in making decisions regarding policy and practice. Recent case study reports suggest that evidence-based decision making in teacher education involves far more than access to data—including a complex interplay of motivational, technical, and organizational factors. Purpose In this paper we use a framework derived from Cultural Historical Activity Theory to describe changes in organizational practice within two teacher education programs as they began to use new sources of outcome data to make decisions about program design, curriculum and instruction. Research Design We use a retrospective case study approach, drawing on interviews, observations and documents collected in two university programs undergoing evidence-based renewal. Conclusions We argue for the value of a CHAT perspective as a tool for clarifying linkages between the highly abstract and rhetorically charged concept of a “culture of evidence” and concrete organizational practices in teacher education. We conclude that the meaning of a “culture of evidence” depends in large measure on the motivations underlying its development.

Simulation study on regionalization of esophagectomy using data of 27,576 patients with esophageal malignant tumor.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 151-151
Author(s):  
Tatsuto Nishigori ◽  
Arata Takahashi ◽  
Nao Ichihara ◽  
Shigeru Tsunoda ◽  
Yasushi Toh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Operative Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
Minimum Volume ◽  
Clinical Database ◽  
Culture Of Evidence ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Travel Distances

151 Background: The culture of evidence-based policy making in the field of cancer surgery is still at a developing stage. Although the volume-outcome relationship with esophagectomy has been recently recognized in Japan, there is no regionalization policy. This study was aimed to simulate regionalization of esophagectomy in Japan using data registered in a nationwide clinical database. Methods: The National Clinical Database (NCD) covers more than 95 per cent of all surgical procedures in Japan. The study used data of 27,476 patients with esophageal malignant tumor registered in the NCD as having undergone esophagectomy at 1040 hospitals between 2012 and 2016. The following four scenarios were tested; in scenario 1, 2, 3, and 4, a minimum volume standard was set as 2, 5, 10 and 15 cases per year. The risk-adjusted operative mortality rates after regionalization and travel distances according to patients’ place of residence were estimated for each scenario. Results: Current operative mortality rates according to hospital volume were < 2 cases: 4.8%, 2-4: 3.7%, 5-9: 2.4%, 10-14: 2.1%, and ≥15: 1.6%. In scenario 1 to 4, 598, 791, 896, and 939 hospitals, and 1,982, 4,740, 7,996, and 10,419 patients were affected by regionalization. The risk-adjusted operative mortality rates after regionalization in target patients were estimated to decrease to 2.7, 2.1, 1.8, and 1.7% in each scenario. The median travel distances after regionalization in metropolitan areas were calculated as 4 kilometer (km) in scenario 1 and 7 km in scenario 4. However, those in provincial cities and depopulated areas were 8 and 36 km in scenario 1, and 28 and 65 km in scenario 4. Conclusions: Regionalization of cancer surgery services could be simulated using the comprehensive clinical database covering almost all surgeries in the nation. The simulation showed that operative mortality rate could decrease to less than 2 % by regionalization but a minimum volume standard should be determined considering regional characteristics.

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