S100A9/CD163 Expression in Circulating Classical Monocytes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Introduction. The role of industrial aerosol nanoparticles in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is still poorly understood. The aim of study is to determine the distribution of monocyte subpopulations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease under the influence of industrial aerosols containing nanoparticles. Materials and methods. A single-center cohort observational study included patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (GOLD 2011 criteria) who were exposed to industrial aerosols (n=32), COPD patients, tobacco smokers (n=35), and conditionally healthy individuals without occupational hazards (n=29). Nanoparticles in the air of the working area were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy. Metal-containing nanoparticles (Pb, Fe, Cr) predominated in the casters' workplaces, while the grinders were mainly exposed to silicon dioxide nanoparticles. The groups were comparable by gender, age, and duration of COPD. Monocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytofluorometry. Results. In COPD patients who worked in contact with an industrial aerosol containing metal nanoparticles, the proportion of "classical" CD14+CD16- monocytes was increased, and the proportion of "intermediate" CD14+CD16+ and "non-classical" CD14dimCD16+ was reduced. The percentage of "non-classical" monocytes exposed to silicon dioxide nanoparticles was increased, and the percentage of "intermediate" monocytes was reduced. At the same time, the proportion of classical monocytes was highest in patients with COPD who worked under the influence of metal nanoparticles (84.3%±6.3%), intermediate monocytes - in patients with COPD due to tobacco smoking (6.1%±1.5%), non-classical monocytes - in the group of COPD and contact with silicon dioxide nanoparticles (20.45%±0.25%). Conclusions. COPD under the influence of industrial aerosol containing metal nanoparticles is characterized by an increase in the proportion of "classical' monocytes, and silicon dioxide nanoparticles - "non-classical”. The level of subpopulations of blood monocytes is a promising marker of professionally caused COPD.

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Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology ◽

10.1044/2019_ajslp-19-00095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 864-872

Author(s):

Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽

Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽

Catriona M. Steele ◽

Renata Mancopes

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Thermal Sensation ◽

Sensory Function ◽

Control Group ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Age Related ◽

Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

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