Dynamic temperature model for proton exchange membrane fuel cell using online variations in load current and ambient temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad S. Khan ◽  
Hussain Shareef ◽  
Ammar Hussein Mutlag
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Temperature Model ◽  
Load Current ◽  
Dynamic Temperature ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Emulator Using PI Controlled Buck Converter

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himadry Shekhar Das ◽  
Chee Wei Tan ◽  
AHM Yatim ◽  
Nik Din Bin Muhamad
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Load Current ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Electrochemical Model

Alternative energy technologies are being popular for power generation applications nowadays. Among others, Fuel cell (FC) technology is quite popular. However, the FC unit is costly and vulnerable to any disturbances in input parameters. Thus, to perform research and experimentation, Fuel cell emulators (FCE) can be useful. FCEs can replicate actual FC behavior in different operating conditions. Thus, by using it the application area can be determined. In this study, a FCE system is modelled using MATLAB/Simulink®. The FCE system consists of a buck DC-DC converter and a proportional integral (PI) based controller incorporating an electrochemical model of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The PEMFC model is used to generate reference voltage of the controller which takes the load current as a requirement. The characteristics are compared with Ballard Mark V 5kW PEMFC stack specifications obtained from the datasheet. The results show that the FCE system is a suitable replacement of real PEMFC stack and can be used for research and development purpose.

Highly proton conductive membranes based on carboxylated cellulose nanofibres and their performance in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Guccini ◽  
Annika Carlson ◽  
Shun Yu ◽  
Göran Lindbergh ◽  
Rakel Wreland Lindström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibres ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The performance of thin carboxylated cellulose nanofiber-based (CNF) membranes as proton exchange membranes in fuel cells has been measured in-situ as a function of CNF surface charge density (600 and 1550 µmol g<sup>-1</sup>), counterion (H<sup>+</sup>or Na<sup>+</sup>), membrane thickness and fuel cell relative humidity (RH 55 to 95 %). The structural evolution of the membranes as a function of RH as measured by Small Angle X-ray scattering shows that water channels are formed only above 75 % RH. The amount of absorbed water was shown to depend on the membrane surface charge and counter ions (Na<sup>+</sup>or H<sup>+</sup>). The high affinity of CNF for water and the high aspect ratio of the nanofibers, together with a well-defined and homogenous membrane structure, ensures a proton conductivity exceeding 1 mS cm<sup>-1</sup>at 30 °C between 65 and 95 % RH. This is two orders of magnitude larger than previously reported values for cellulose materials and only one order of magnitude lower than Nafion 212. Moreover, the CNF membranes are characterized by a lower hydrogen crossover than Nafion, despite being ≈ 30 % thinner. Thanks to their environmental compatibility and promising fuel cell performance the CNF membranes should be considered for new generation proton exchange membrane fuel cells.<br>

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