Is social-ecological risk associated with individual HIV risk beliefs and behaviours?: An analysis of Kenyan adolescents’ local communities and activity spaces

The places where adolescents live, learn, and play are thought to influence behaviours and health, but we have limited tools for measuring environmental risk on a hyperlocal level. Working with 218 adolescents and their parents/guardians in rural western Kenya, we combined participatory mapping activities with satellite imagery to identify adolescent activity spaces and create a novel measure of social-ecological dangers. We then examined the associations between community risk and individual HIV risk beliefs and behaviours. We found support for the conjecture, derived from social-ecological models of HIV transmission, that community-level risks may be associated with individual beliefs and behaviours. As community risk increased for a sample of Kenyan adolescents, so did their reports of riskier sex beliefs and behaviours, as well as unsupervised outings at night. This study reinforces calls for disease prevention approaches that go beyond emphasizing individual behaviour change.

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Men Who Have Sex With Men and HIV Risk Behavior: Exploring the Influence of Masculinity Within the Social Ecological Model

AIDS Education and Prevention ◽

10.1521/aeap.2021.33.6.511 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 511-533

Author(s):

Kenneth C. Hergenrather ◽

Diona Emmanuel ◽

Robert J. Zeglin ◽

David J. Ruda ◽

Scott D. Rhodes

Keyword(s):

Risk Behavior ◽

Hiv Risk ◽

Ecological Model ◽

The United States ◽

Social Ecological Model ◽

Hiv Risk Behavior ◽

Bisexual Men ◽

Social Ecological ◽

The Social ◽

Sex With Men

In the United States, gay, bisexual men, and men who have sex with men (MSM) represent 86% of new HIV infections among males. Approximately 1 in 7 men with HIV are unaware of their HIV status (CDC, 2017, 2019a, 2020a). To explore influences on MSM HIV risk behavior, the authors performed a systematic review of quantitative studies conducted in the U.S. assessing what is purported as masculinity. From 30 identified studies, significant findings were framed within the Social Ecological Model (SEM) levels (e.g., Individual, Relationship, Community). SEM level themes were applied to create the Masculinity 10, a preliminary 10-item assessment to explore the influence of masculinity on MSM HIV risk behavior. To increase MSM engagement in HIV prevention and treatment, the influences of masculinity (e.g., attitude toward sexual minorities, appearance, emotion, temperament, substance use, sexual activity, social support, intimate relationships, health care) on HIV risk behavior should be further explored.

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Factors influencing uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis: some qualitative insights from an intervention study of men who have sex with men in China

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh17075 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 39 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Chunxing Liu ◽

Yingying Ding ◽

Zhen Ning ◽

Meiyang Gao ◽

Xing Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Risk ◽

Intervention Study ◽

Implementation Strategies ◽

Self Assessment ◽

Risk Beliefs ◽

Group Data ◽

Prep Implementation ◽

Substantial Risk ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Exposure Prophylaxis

Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a biomedical approach for preventing the acquisition of HIV in populations at substantial risk for HIV. However, its uptake among men who have sex with men (MSM) is low in China. The study aimed to identify factors that might influence MSM’s uptake and use of PrEP. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 32 self-identified MSM from a PrEP intervention study evaluating daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) to prevent HIV infection. Of these men, 11 were presently using the ‘TDF’ group; 8 from the ‘change-over’ group (i.e. initially used PrEP but subsequently quitted); and 13 from the non-user group. Data were analysed using thematic approach. Results: Perception of low HIV risk, mistrust of the national PrEP program, and concerns of side effects were the main reasons for not wanting to use PrEP. Also, lack of main sexual partner’s support, difficulties in adhering to the daily TDF regimen, and the inconvenient schedules in securing the medicine were the major reasons for not wanting to use or quitting the use of PrEP. On the other hand, perceived high HIV risk, beliefs in efficacy of PrEP, and worries of transmitting HIV to families were the major motives for PrEP uptake. Conclusions: Findings suggest that PrEP implementation strategies should first address issues including but not limited to accurate self-assessment of HIV risk, mistrust and limited knowledge about medical trials and PrEP, and ease of accessing PrEP.

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Exploring critical realist insights into transformative environmental learning processes in contexts of social- ecological risk

Critical Realism, Environmental Learning and Social-Ecological Change ◽

10.4324/9781315660899-21 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 274-292

Keyword(s):

Ecological Risk ◽

Learning Processes ◽

Environmental Learning ◽

Critical Realist ◽

Social Ecological

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An engine for social-ecological risk analysis and NBS recommendation to support risk mitigation management

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-21484 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Joy Ommer ◽

Saša Vranić ◽

Laura S. Leo ◽

Milan Kalas ◽

Sisay E. Debele ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Ecological Risk ◽

Cost Benefit Analysis ◽

Risk Mitigation ◽

Added Value ◽

Proactive Management ◽

Social Ecological ◽

Hazard And Risk ◽

Hazard And Risk Assessment ◽

And Performance

During the past decades, risk assessment experienced increasing interest in social science but also natural science and other disciplines. At the same time, risk reduction and mitigation gained in interest from local to global level due to the shift from reactive to proactive management. Hazard and risk assessment have been approached on different levels, nonetheless, they are lacking elements such as cross-border assessment or the integration of an ecological risk assessment. One of the objectives of the H2020 Operandum project is to provide an automated science-based assessment of risk for the social-ecological system and further of the applicability and performance of Nature-based Solutions (NBS) for risk mitigation of hydro-meteorological hazards.Within this project, an interactive webGIS analytical engine and an NBS catalogue are being developed as part of the Geospatial Information Knowledge Platform (GeoIKP). The analytical engine will encompass open Europe-wide hazard maps and link them with local high-resolution information from public and innovative data sources (e.g. Facebook). These two geo-tools are combined into a recommendation engine - NBS toolkit - trained on existing NBS. Using a holistic approach, the NBS toolkit aims at providing risk assessment and advanced recommendations on NBS usage for mitigation. For this approach, the NBS toolkit incorporates hazard and risk assessment in space and time, cost-benefit analysis, and additionally main drivers and constraints for NBS implementations as well as their geographical transferability, replicability and performance/effectiveness.&#160;This contribution will offer an insight into the concept and development of the NBS toolkit. Primarily, it will focus on the added value of the NBS toolkit for future nature-based implementation, risk mitigation management and decision-making at all levels. Challenges and current limitations of real-time risk assessment will also be discussed, with a focus on their implications on NBS monitoring and effectiveness.

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The Moderating Role of Maternal Supervision in the Relation of Social–Ecological Risk Factors to Children’s Minor Injuries

Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings ◽

10.1007/s10880-019-09637-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 507-517

Author(s):

Amy Damashek ◽

Charles Borduin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Ecological Risk ◽

Social Ecological ◽

Minor Injuries ◽

Ecological Risk Factors ◽

Moderating Role ◽

Maternal Supervision

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Indo-Fijian Fishing Communities: Relationships with Taukei in Coastal Fisheries

10.26686/wgtn.17144594 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Chinnamma Reddy

Keyword(s):

Resource Management ◽

Local Communities ◽

Complex Nature ◽

Community Based ◽

Coastal Fisheries ◽

Marine Management ◽

Fisheries Resources ◽

Social Ecological ◽

The Government ◽

Management And Conservation

In the Pacific, customary marine tenure-ship and management has been practised for centuries. Community based marine resource management (CBMRM) initiatives have seen governments, local communities and non-government organisations adopt various management tools to improve coastal fisheries. Despite these efforts, there are growing concerns over the decline of fisheries resources and the subsequent social-ecological problems that affect coastal communities. In the last three decades, Fiji, has implemented various forms of CBMRM initiatives with varying social-ecological successes. Marine management and conservation efforts across the 410 qoliqoli areas (fishing grounds) are predominantly driven by Indigenous Taukei communities and non-government conservation organisations (NGOs). Over the past two years local communities, NGOs, and government have led and supported new management efforts to improve fisheries sustainability in the country. Non-Indigenous resource users are limited by social and political policies to access and participate in coastal resource management. Fijians of Indian descent (Indo-Fijians) represent the second-largest ethnic group in Fiji and are engaged in both subsistence and artisanal fisheries. Their involvement and participation within the broader socio- economic and socio-political aspects of coastal fisheries is considerable, however, remains hidden. Using a qualitative approach, this study explores the issues, challenges, and opportunities that Indo-Fijian communities experience in the coastal fisheries sector in Ba Province, Fiji. Findings from the research illustrate the informal yet complex nature of socio-economic and socio-cultural community relationships between customary Taukei qoliqoli owners and Indo-Fijian people. The role of Indo-Fijian women within the coastal fisheries sector is notable. The success of contemporary CBRMN in Fiji is dependent upon a re- imagined, re-adapted, diverse approach. Most importantly, this research provides an opportunity to foster discussion within contemporary community based marine management and conservation efforts currently in place by customary Taukei qoliqoli owners, conservation organisations and the government.

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Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services Through a Vulnerability Lens: Opportunities to Reduce Social Vulnerability in Fishing Communities

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/fmars.2021.671753 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

T. E. Angela L. Quiros ◽

Kenji Sudo ◽

Reynante V. Ramilo ◽

Helbert G. Garay ◽

Muammar Princess G. Soniega ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ecosystem Services ◽

Spatial Analysis ◽

Adaptive Capacity ◽

Social Vulnerability ◽

Local Communities ◽

Blue Carbon ◽

Lower Sensitivity ◽

Catch Per Unit Effort ◽

Social Ecological ◽

Unit Effort

Ecosystem services (ES) are benefits nature provides to humans; these services change in space and time and are largely dependent on context. Coastal habitat that provides key ES are blue carbon ecosystems, namely seagrass and mangroves. One important ES they provide is the provisioning of seafood, which benefits coastal populations with livelihoods and food security. We employed a social-ecological approach that draws from the vulnerability literature for social, ecological, and economic criteria to map ES provision in ten communities on Busuanga Island, Palawan Province, Philippines. We assess the spatial dynamics of ES provision for small-scale fisheries in seagrass and mangroves, in relation to local beneficiaries. Using a mixed-methods approach with ecological assessments of seagrass beds, spatial analysis, landing surveys, household and key informant interviews, we overlaid biophysical variables on social data, mapping sensitivities and adaptive capacities to compare communities’ social vulnerabilities. Spatial analysis revealed healthy blue carbon ecosystems in ten local communities (barangays) as measured by proportion of coastline covered, low patchiness and high continuity along the coastline, and the presence of adjacent habitat. We found seagrass ecosystems were more vulnerable than mangroves. Rural barangays had less exposure and lower sensitivity to blue carbon ecosystem loss than urban barangays. Blue carbon ecosystem fisheries are highly sensitive fisheries, due to their catch composition and low catch per unit effort, with mangrove fisheries having a slightly lower sensitivity than seagrass fisheries due to greater catch per unit effort. Diversified livelihoods and the presence of NGOs and People’s Organizations (POs) increased adaptive capacity and reduced overall vulnerability. We aim to highlight a coastal human community’s relationship with blue carbon ecosystems using context-specific vulnerability criteria. Our site-specific social vulnerability assessment may be adapted for use in other coastal communities within the coral triangle. This work suggests opportunities for conservation interventions to manage local communities’ sensitivities and adaptive capacity around the use of blue carbon ecosystems.

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