Williamson ether synthesis: an efficient one-step route for surface modifications of silicon nanoparticles

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 588-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Hallmann ◽  
Mark J. Fink ◽  
Brian S. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
One Step ◽  
Ether Synthesis ◽  
Williamson Ether Synthesis

scholarly journals Unexpected course of a Williamson ether synthesis

ARKIVOC ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2007 (7) ◽  
pp. 291-300
Author(s):  
Klaus-Peter Zeller ◽  
Peter Haiss ◽  
Meike Hartmann ◽  
Klaus Eichele
Keyword(s):  
Ether Synthesis ◽  
Williamson Ether Synthesis

Study on Preparation and Catalytic Properties of Pd/γ-Al2O3 Catalysts in One-Step Synthesis of Dimethyl Ether

2011 ◽  
Vol 66-68 ◽  
pp. 1404-1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zhi Chu ◽  
Zhong Cai Zhang ◽  
Ya Fei Liu ◽  
Xian Liang Meng ◽  
Zhi Min Zong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Co Conversion ◽  
Dimethyl Ether Synthesis ◽  
Acidic Sites ◽  
One Step ◽  
Space Time Yield ◽  
Ether Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Of Dimethyl Ether

A series of Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalysts with different additons of Pd were prepared by impregnation. The effect of calcination condition and Pd loading on catalytic performance of catalysts for one-step dimethyl ether synthesis has been investigated. The physic-chemical performance and structure of Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were characterized by CO-TPD, TGA and nitrogen physisorption. The results show that the dispersion of Pd and the amount of adsorbration on the CO-bridge of Pd could be increased to by the moderate microwave heating on the catalysts, and the catalyst performance can be improved. But a large number of surface acidic sites of Pd/γ-Al2O3 are covered by highly fragmented Pd-grain, it causes DME selectivity reduced. And the excessive Pd can reduce the samples’ surface acid, decrease the dispersion of the metal Pd and block up the pore of γ-Al2O3. The CO conversion rate and DME space-time yield could reach 60.1% and 28.76 mmol·g-1·h-1 respectively at 2% Pd loading, at this time Pd/γ-Al2O3 has a high Pd activity surface and ideal acid sites.

scholarly journals One-Step Melt Synthesis of Water-Soluble, Photoluminescent, Surface-Oxidized Silicon Nanoparticles for Cellular Imaging Applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2407-2418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth A. Manhat ◽  
Anna L. Brown ◽  
Labe A. Black ◽  
J. B. Alexander Ross ◽  
Katye Fichter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nanoparticles ◽  
Cellular Imaging ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
One Step ◽  
Melt Synthesis

Encapsulating silicon nanoparticles into mesoporous carbon forming pomegranate-structured microspheres as a high-performance anode for lithium ion batteries

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (22) ◽  
pp. 11197-11203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Shen ◽  
Xin-hui Xia ◽  
Dong Xie ◽  
Zhu-jun Yao ◽  
Yu Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Mesoporous Carbon ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Silicon Nanoparticles ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cycling Stability ◽  
Mesoporous Microspheres ◽  
One Step ◽  
Rate Capacity

Pomegranate-structured Si/C mesoporous microspheres are fabricated by a facile one-step hydrothermal method with high cycling stability and superior rate capacity.

One-step synthesis of water-dispersible silicon nanoparticles and their use in fluorescence lifetime imaging of living cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (27) ◽  
pp. 4338-4345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Dai-Xin Ye ◽  
Guo-Hai Liang ◽  
Jian Chang ◽  
Ji-Lie Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Lifetime ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Silicon Nanoparticles ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging ◽  
Kb Cells ◽  
Water Dispersible ◽  
Lifetime Imaging ◽  
One Step

Fluorescence intensity (upper panel) and lifetime (bottom panel) images of KB cells stained with FITC (B), Si NPs (C) and unstained control (A).

Dimethyl sulfoxide as a solvent in the Williamson ether synthesis

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 2015-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russel G. Smith ◽  
Alan Vanterpool ◽  
H. Jean Kulak
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Major Product ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Butyl Chloride ◽  
Butyl Ether ◽  
Ether Synthesis ◽  
Williamson Ether Synthesis

Using the conventional Williamson ether synthesis, n-butyl ether was prepared from sodium hydroxide, n-butyl alcohol, and n-butyl chloride using excess of the alcohol as solvent in 61% yield after 14 h reaction time. However, when the excess alcohol was replaced by dimethyl sulfoxide, the yield of ether rose to 95% with 9.5 h reaction time. Other primary alkyl chlorides exhibited similar behavior to n-butyl chloride, but secondary alkyl chlorides and primary alkyl bromides gave little etherification, elimination being the major reaction. Unreactive halides, such as vinyl chloride, phenyl bromide, and 2,4-dinitrobromobenzene, were not etherified in dimethyl sulfoxide. The reaction products obtained from aliphatic dichlorides depended upon the relative positions of the chlorine atoms. Secondary alcohols reacted to give ethers, but tertiary alcohols were very unreactive. Polyols generally gave high yields of ethers, the major product being that in which all but one of the hydroxyl groups became etherified. Under forcing conditions, however, completely etherified polyols could be obtained.

Williamson Ether Synthesis on Solid Support:  Substitution versus Elimination

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avi Weissberg ◽  
Adi Dahan ◽  
Moshe Portnoy
Keyword(s):  
Solid Support ◽  
Ether Synthesis ◽  
Williamson Ether Synthesis
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