The impact of tree loss on carbon management in West Africa

Abstract. The objective of this paper is to present a new dataset of bias-corrected CMIP5 global climate model (GCM) daily data over Africa. This dataset was obtained using the cumulative distribution function transform (CDF-t) method, a method that has been applied to several regions and contexts but never to Africa. Here CDF-t has been applied over the period 1950–2099 combining Historical runs and climate change scenarios for six variables: precipitation, mean near-surface air temperature, near-surface maximum air temperature, near-surface minimum air temperature, surface downwelling shortwave radiation, and wind speed, which are critical variables for agricultural purposes. WFDEI has been used as the reference dataset to correct the GCMs. Evaluation of the results over West Africa has been carried out on a list of priority user-based metrics that were discussed and selected with stakeholders. It includes simulated yield using a crop model simulating maize growth. These bias-corrected GCM data have been compared with another available dataset of bias-corrected GCMs using WATCH Forcing Data as the reference dataset. The impact of WFD, WFDEI, and also EWEMBI reference datasets has been also examined in detail. It is shown that CDF-t is very effective at removing the biases and reducing the high inter-GCM scattering. Differences with other bias-corrected GCM data are mainly due to the differences among the reference datasets. This is particularly true for surface downwelling shortwave radiation, which has a significant impact in terms of simulated maize yields. Projections of future yields over West Africa are quite different, depending on the bias-correction method used. However all these projections show a similar relative decreasing trend over the 21st century.

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A Synoptic Review of Forestry and Forest Products Trade and Production in Africa- The Case of Wood and Non-Wood Forest Products in West Africa

10.20944/preprints202201.0031.v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

John Adekunle Adesina ◽

Zhu Jiangang ◽

Tang Xiaolan

Keyword(s):

West Africa ◽

Natural Capital ◽

Natural Habitat ◽

Forest Products ◽

West African ◽

Warning Signs ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Forest Reserves ◽

Impact Reduction ◽

The Impact

According to this study, approximately half of Africa's forests are utilized primarily or partially for the production of wood and non-wood commodities. Aims to evaluate Africa's forestry and forest products, namely Wood Forest Products (WFPs) and Non-wood Forest Products (NWFPs) in the sixteen (16) West African countries. While adhering to the following guidelines: wood extraction and preparation, analyzing wood primarily used as an energy source in Africa, identifying non-wood forest products in Africa, the state of export, trade, and customs procedures in West Africa, and examining the role of forests and forest stakeholders in Africa's low-carbon economy transition. An exploratory literature review of selected wood forest products and non-wood forest products (plants and animals) in West Africa identifying the country, the natural land area with the natural habitat issues of the forest, the species most harvested and traded in the West African sub-region. The study reemphasized some government legislation, policies, and market trade failures and limitations while also stating that trees may help in the low-carbon revolution through interventions aimed at maintaining, improving, and restoring natural capital have demonstrated that high environmental requirements of sustainable forest management (SFM) may be met in both natural and planted forests. The study identified a systematic assessment of the most common forest products (wood and non-wood forest products) considering the available data on the national forest reserves of the selected countries in West Africa. The study also revealed the need for biodiversity conservation of the available forest reserves to help mitigate the impact of global warming targeting the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goal 13- Climate Action. Which is focused on integrating climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction, and early warning signs into the national policies, improving forest planning and management education, awareness-raising, and institutional capacity within the sub-region.

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The impact of iron in north and west Africa

History of Africa ◽

10.1057/978-1-137-52481-2_4 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 49-66

Author(s):

Kevin Shillington

Keyword(s):

West Africa ◽

The Impact

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Conclusion

Envoys of abolition ◽

10.3828/liverpool/9781789620788.003.0008 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 191-202

Author(s):

Mary Wills

Keyword(s):

West Africa ◽

Slave Trade ◽

Royal Navy ◽

The West ◽

Cultural Attitudes ◽

The Impact ◽

Naval Officers

The final chapter assesses the cultural and political significance of the West Africa squadron and the work of the naval officers involved in its operation, looking at the wider implications of the question of ‘success’ in discussions about the impact of the squadron both at the time of its operation and since. It examines the shifts and changes that took place during the sixty years of the squadron’s operation, including: perceptions of the slave trade and the best methods of suppressing it; the position of the Royal Navy in Britain’s imperial ambitions; and racial and cultural attitudes of Britons towards Africans and ‘others’. This chapter discusses the ways in which notions of duty and professionalism had changed, and how what it meant to be a Royal Navy officer in 1870 had altered as compared to 1807. It asserts the individuality and independence of naval officers, and their engagement with themes of anti-slavery, empire and identity.

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Climate Change Accounting and Value Growth of Financial Institutions in West Africa

Handbook of Research on Climate Change and the Sustainable Financial Sector - Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-7967-1.ch026 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 431-445

Author(s):

Haruna Maama ◽

Ferina Marimuthu

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Panel Data ◽

West Africa ◽

Financial Institutions ◽

Annual Reports ◽

Impact Of Climate Change ◽

Panel Data Regression ◽

Data Regression ◽

The Impact ◽

Value Growth

The study investigated the impact of climate change accounting on the value growth of financial institutions in West Africa. The study used 10 years of annual reports of 47 financial institutions in Ghana and Nigeria. The climate change disclosure scores were determined based on the task force's recommended components on climate-related financial disclosure. A panel data regression technique was used for the analysis. The study found a positive and significant relationship between climate change accounting and the value of financial institutions in West Africa. This result implies that the firms' value would improve should they concentrate and enhance their climate change disclosure activities. The findings also revealed that the impact of climate change accounting on the value of financial institutions is positively and significantly higher in countries with stronger investor protection. These findings enable us to expand our understanding of the process of generating value for investors in financial institutions and society, generally.

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Comparing available rainfall gridded datasets for West Africa and the impact on rainfall-runoff modelling results, the case of Burkina-Faso

Water SA ◽

10.4314/wsa.v34i5.180650 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 529 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Gil Mahe ◽

Sabine Girard ◽

Mark New ◽

Jean-Emmanuel Paturel ◽

Agnes Cres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

West Africa ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Rainfall Runoff ◽

The Impact

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Spreading of SARS-CoV-2 in West Africa and assessment of risk factors

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268820002149 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 148 ◽

Author(s):

B. Tinto ◽

S. Salinas ◽

A. Dicko ◽

T. S. Kagone ◽

I. Traore ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

West Africa ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Geographic Area ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Continuous Increase ◽

The Moment ◽

The Impact ◽

Hospital Equipment

Abstract Although the African continent is, for the moment, less impacted than the rest of the world, it still faces the risk of a spread of COVID-19. In this study, we have conducted a systematic review of the information available in the literature in order to provide an overview of the epidemiological and clinical features of COVID-19 pandemic in West Africa and of the impact of risk factors such as comorbidities, climatic conditions and demography on the pandemic. Burkina Faso is used as a case study to better describe the situation in West Africa. The epidemiological situation of COVID-19 in West Africa is marked by a continuous increase in the numbers of confirmed cases. This geographic area had on 29 July 2020, 131 049 confirmed cases by polymerase chain reaction, 88 305 recoveries and 2102 deaths. Several factors may influence the SARS-CoV-2 circulation in Africa: (i) comorbidities: diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure could lead to an increase in the number of severe cases of SARS-CoV-2; (ii) climatic factors: the high temperatures could be a factor contributing to slow the spread of the virus and (iii) demography: the West Africa population is very young and this could be a factor limiting the occurrence of severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in West Africa is relatively slow compared to European countries, vigilance must remain. Difficulties in access to diagnostic tests, lack of hospital equipment, but also the large number of people working in the informal sector (such as trading, businesses, transport and restoration) makes it difficult to apply preventive measures, namely physical distancing and containment.

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