scholarly journals Changes in epidemiological characteristics and sero-prevalence against the varicella zoster virus in school-age children after the introduction of a national immunization program in Japan

Author(s):  
Yosuke Yasui ◽  
Toshikatsu Mitsui ◽  
Fujiyo Arima ◽  
Keiko Uchida ◽  
Mikako Inokuchi ◽  
...  
2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Young Kang ◽  
Ki Hwan Kim ◽  
Ji Hong Kim ◽  
Hwang Min Kim ◽  
Jinkyung Kim ◽  
...  

The authors assessed the cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination to develop an evidence-based national immunization program in Korea. A Markov model was constructed to compare the costs and clinical outcomes of vaccination versus no vaccination. The birth cohort of 493189 infants in 2007 was followed until the age of 5 years. Korea-specific data for epidemiological characteristics and economic burden of rotavirus diarrhea were used for the modeled estimation. Efficacy of RotaTeq® was based on a recent clinical trial. Rotavirus vaccination would prevent 181238 symptomatic cases (reduction rate = 63.2%) over 5 years after birth. From the societal perspective, at a vaccination cost of 100000 Korean won (KW; 1 US$ ≈ 1200 KW) per dose, universal vaccination would cost 375 620 KW per case averted. The breakeven price of vaccine was 56061 KW. Rotavirus vaccination would reduce the burden of the disease substantially and be a cost-effective strategy to prevent rotavirus diarrhea in Korea.


2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
Dumilah Ayuningtyas ◽  
Ni Nyoman Dwi Sutrisnawati

Latar Belakang: Menurut WHO, dua dari 10.000 wanita di Indonesia hidup dengan kanker serviks dan diperkirakan 26 wanita meninggal setiap hari akibat kanker serviks. Berdasarkan kondisi ini, pemerintah Indonesia berencana menambahkan vaksin HPV ke dalam program imunisasi nasional. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menilai kemungkinan kesiapan Indonesia untuk menerapkan vaksin HPV wajib untuk usia sekolah dan faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhinya.   Metode: Metode yang digunakan  adalah systematic review. Melalui artikel terkait vaksin HPV yang terbit di jurnal terakreditasi dan scopus-indeks selama 10 tahun terakhir dengan kata kunci "Implementasi untuk Imunisasi HPV", ditemukan sebanyak 17.000 hasil pencarian. Setelah itu, penilaian kritis pada artikel yang dipilih dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode PRISMA. Hasil: Ditemukan bahwa kesadaran masyarakat, terutama orang tua, tentang vaksin HPV masih kurang, namun penerimaan mereka terhadap vaksin ini cukup positif. Ada beberapa faktor lain yang menjadi keberatan mereka terhadap vaksin, seperti harga tinggi, ketakutan akan efek samping, seksualitas, gender, dan sistem perawatan kesehatan. Saat ini di Indonesia vaksin HPV harus dibeli atas inisiatif mereka sendiri dan bukan merupakan program wajib dari pemerintah pusat dan juga tidak diberikan secara gratis melalui program JKN. Namun demikian, Kementerian Kesehatan telah memulai proyek percontohan untuk menyediakan vaksinasi HPV gratis di beberapa daerah dalam Program Bulan Imunisasi untuk Usia Sekolah menggunakan kombinasi sumber daya pusat dan daerah. Kesimpulan: Telah ada peraturan dan pedoman teknis untuk pelaksanaan proyek percontohan vaksinasi HPV gratis, namun masih perlu penyesuaian dan dukungan dari Pemerintah jika akan dilaksanakan secara nasional dan disesuaikan dengan kondisi di daerah dengan fasilitas dan akses terbatas. Dibutuhkan peran pemerintah dalam memberikan informasi yang baik tentang vaksin HPV bagi masyarakat. Keyword: Vaksin HPV, Kesiapan Implementasi, Program Imunisasi Nasional Abstract Background: According to WHO, two out of 10,000 women in Indonesia live with cervical cancer and an estimated 26 women die each day from cervical cancer. Indonesian government is planning to add the HPV vaccine into the national immunization program. The objective is to assess the possibility of Indonesia's readiness to implement the HPV vaccine mandatory for school age and factors that may affect it. Methods: The method was a systematic review through articles related to HPV vaccine which have been published in accredited and scopus-indexed journals for the last 10 years. With keywords "Implementation for HPV Immunization", founded 17,000 search results. Afterwards, a critical appraisal on the selected articles is conducted using PRISMA method. Results: It is found that the awareness of community, especially parents, about HPV vaccine is still lacking, but their acceptance of this vaccine is quite positive. There are other factors into their objection to vaccines, such as the high price, fear of the side effects, sexuality, gender, and healthcare systems. Currently in Indonesia HPV vaccine must be purchased on their own initiative and is not a mandatory program of the central government. Neither has it been given free of charge through JKN program. Nevertheless, The Ministry of Health has begun a pilot project to provide free HPV vaccination in some areas within Immunization Month for School Age program using a combination of central and regional resources. Conclusion: Although there have been regulations and technical guidelines for the implementation of the pilot project of free HPV vaccination, it still needs adjustment and support from the Government if it will be implemented nationally and adapted to conditions in areas with limited facilities and access. The role of the government is needed in providing good knowledge about the HPV vaccine for the community. Keyword: HPV Vaccine, Implementation Readiness, National Immunization Program


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamel A. Samara ◽  
Hiba J. Barqawi ◽  
Basant H. Aboelsoud ◽  
Moza A. AlZaabi ◽  
Fay T. Alraddawi ◽  
...  

AbstractAnnually, 1.5 million cases of hepatitis A infection occur worldwide. The United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) has seen a decrease in infection rates and seroprevalence coupled with an increase in the average age of infection. This study aimed to assess the U.A.E. society’s hepatitis A knowledge, and attitudes and vaccination practices, with the applicability of its introduction into the local immunization schedule. A self-administered, 50-item questionnaire was used to collect data from the four most populous cities in the U.A.E., between January and March 2020. A total of 458 responses were collected and analysed using IBM-SPSS-26, R-4.0.0 and Matplotlib-v3.2.1. Females had better attitudes (P = 0.036), practices (P < 0.0005), immunization schedule knowledge (AOR = 3.019; CI 1.482–6.678), and appreciation of the immunization schedule (AOR = 2.141; CI 1.310–3.499). A higher level of perceived knowledge was associated with an actual better knowledge (P < 0.0005), better practices (P = 0.011), and increased willingness to get vaccinated (AOR = 1.988; CI 1.032–3.828). Respondents were more likely to vaccinate their children against HAV if the vaccine were introduced into the National Immunization Program (P < 0.0005). Overall, disease knowledge was lacking but with positive attitudes and poor practices. There is high trust in the National Immunization Program and a potential for improving poor practices through local awareness campaigns.


2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1109-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Verma ◽  
Pardeep Khanna ◽  
Mohan Bairwa ◽  
Suraj Chawla ◽  
Shankar Prinja ◽  
...  

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maziar Moradi-Lakeh ◽  
Abdoulreza Esteghamati

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