scholarly journals Field measurement and modeling of UVC cooling coil irradiation for heating, ventilating, and air conditioning energy use reduction (RP-1738)—Part 2: Energy, indoor air quality, and economic modeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 600-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Firrantello ◽  
William Bahnfleth
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Economic Modeling ◽  
Cooling Coil

scholarly journals Keeping Cool in the Desert: Using Wind Catchers for Improved Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality at Half the Energy

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Jamal Saif ◽  
Andrew Wright ◽  
Sanober Khattak ◽  
Kasem Elfadli
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Evaporative Cooling

In hot arid climates, air conditioning in the summer dominates energy use in buildings. In Kuwait, energy demand in buildings is dominated by cooling, which also determines the national peak electricity demand. Schools contribute significantly to cooling demand, but also suffer from poor ventilation. This paper presents analysis of a ventilation and cooling system for school classrooms using a wind catcher for natural ventilation and evaporative cooling. A school classroom in Kuwait with single-sided ventilation was modelled using the DesignBuilder V5.4/EnergyPlus V9.1 software and calibrated using field data. The model was used to analyse the performance of a wind catcher, with and without evaporative cooling, in terms of energy use, thermal comfort and indoor air quality. Compared to the baseline of using air-conditioning only, a wind catcher with evaporative cooling was found to reduce energy use by 52% during the summer months while increasing the comfortable hours from 76% to 100% without any supplementary air conditioning. While the time below the ASHRAE CO2 limit also improved from 11% to 24% with the wind catcher, the indoor air quality was still poor. These improvements came at the cost of a 14% increase in relative humidity. As the wind catcher solution appears to have potential with further development; several avenues for further research are proposed.

scholarly journals Transient Effects of Different Ventilation Methods on Car Indoor Air Quality

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng-Chyi Duh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Heat Index ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentrations ◽  
Volatile Organic

This study investigated transient effects on the air quality of parked cars and moving cars with and without operating air conditioning. Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and formaldehyde concentrations were measured for comparative analysis. The results showed that simply changing the air conditioning system from internal circulation to external circulation to introduce air from outside reduces carbon dioxide concentrations by more than 50%, volatile organic compound concentrations by more than 77%, and the heat index from 0.1℃/min to less than 0.05 ℃/min. In order to conserve energy and improve car indoor air quality, this study can serve as a reference on healthy car environments.

scholarly journals Indoor Air Quality Enhancement Performance of Liquid Desiccant and Evaporative Cooling-Assisted Air Conditioning Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beom-Jun Kim ◽  
Junseok Park ◽  
Jae-Weon Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Quality Enhancement ◽  
Liquid Desiccant ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Indoor Pm2.5

The main objective of this study is to investigate the indoor air quality enhancement performance of two different liquid desiccant and evaporative cooling-assisted air conditioning systems, such as the variable air volume (VAV) system with the desiccant-enhanced evaporative (DEVap) cooler, and the liquid desiccant system with an indirect and direct evaporative cooling-assisted 100% outdoor air system (LD-IDECOAS), compared with the conventional VAV system. The transient simulations of concentration variations of carbon dioxide (CO2), coarse particles, and fine particles (PM10 and PM2.5) in a model office space served by each system were performed using validated system models that were found in the literature. Based on the hourly thermal loads of the model space predicted by the TRNSYS 18 program, each air conditioning system was operated virtually using a commercial equation solver program (EES). The results indicated that the LD-IDECOAS provided the lowest annual indoor CO2 concentration among all the systems considered in this research, while the VAV system with DEVap cooler exceeded the threshold concentration (i.e., 1000 ppm) during the cooling season (i.e., July, August, and September). For the indoor particulate contaminant concentrations, both liquid desiccant and evaporative cooling-assisted air conditioning systems indicated lower indoor PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations compared with the reference system. The LD-IDECOAS and the VAV with a DEVap cooler demonstrated 33.3% and 23.5% lower annual accumulated indoor PM10 concentrations than the reference system, respectively. Similarly, the annual accumulated indoor PM2.5 concentration was reduced by 16% using the LD-IDECOAS and 17.1% using the VAV with DEVap cooler.

Energy Conservation, Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 538-538
Author(s):  
James E. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
New Codes ◽  
Current Concerns ◽  
Ventilation Rates

In response to current concerns about the depletion rates of non-renewable energy resources, new codes and standards have been promulgated which require improved construction techniques and reduced ventilation rates. While implementation of these codes and standards has reduced energy consumption rates, degradation of indoor air quality has also been reported. These complaints indicate that arbitrary reduction of ventilation rates can result in deleterious effects to the occupants. Thus, a compromise solution is required with the objective to provide a safe, healthy, and comfortable indoor environment by using materials and methods that optimize efficiency of energy use.

Field Measurement Investigation of Improving Indoor Air Quality by Total Heat Exchanger in an Office Building

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (1) ◽  
pp. 4362
Author(s):  
Fu-Jen Wang ◽  
Meng-Chieh Lee ◽  
Rong-Chin Jung ◽  
Yong-Sheng Chen ◽  
You-De Ke
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
Total Heat ◽  
Office Building

Empirical analysis of indoor air quality enhancement potential in a liquid-desiccant assisted air conditioning system

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 11-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon-Young Park ◽  
Dong-Seob Yoon ◽  
Shiying Li ◽  
Junseok Park ◽  
Jong-Il Bang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Quality Enhancement ◽  
Liquid Desiccant ◽  
Air Conditioning System

Bioactive Nano-Filters to Control Legionella on Indoor Air

2012 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
P.A.F. Rodrigues ◽  
S.I.V. Sousa ◽  
Maria José Geraldes ◽  
M.C.M. Alvim-Ferraz ◽  
F.G. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Public Health Issue

Several factors affect the indoor air quality, among which ventilation, human occupancy, cleaning products, equipment and material; they might induce the presence of aerosols (or bioaerosols in the presence of biological components) nitrogen oxides, ozone, carbon monoxide and dioxide, volatile organic compounds, radon and microorganisms. Microbiological pollution involves hundreds of bacteria and fungi species that grow indoors under specific conditions of temperature and humidity. Exposure to microbial contaminants is clinically associated with allergies, asthma, immune responses and respiratory infections, such as Legionnaires Disease and Pontiac Feaver, which are due to contamination byLegionella pneumophila. Legionnaire's Disease has increased over the past decade, because of the use of central air conditioning. In places such as homes, kindergartens, nursing homes and hospitals, indoor air pollution affects population groups that are particularly vulnerable because of their health status or age, making indoor air pollution a public health issue of high importance. Therefore, the implementation of preventive measures, as the application of air filters, is fundamental. Currently, High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters are the most used to capture microorganisms in ventilation, filtration and air conditioning systems; nevertheless, as they are not completely secure, new filters should be developed. This work aims to present how the efficiency of a textile nanostructure in a non-woven material based on synthetic textiles (high hydrophobic fibers) incorporating appropriate biocides to controlLegionella pneumophila, is going to be measured. These bioactive structures, to be used in ventilation systems, as well as in respiratory protective equipment, will reduce the growth of microorganisms in the air through bactericidal or bacteriostatic action. The filter nanostructure should have good air permeability, since it has to guarantee minimum flows of fresh air for air exchange as well as acceptable indoor air quality.

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