Sport Diplomacy in Hybrid Regimes: The Cases of Hungary and Montenegro

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Bence Garamvölgyi ◽  
Marko Begović ◽  
Tamás Dóczi
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Regimes

Political transformations in the CEE post-communist countries: theoretical and metodological approaches

2017 ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Vira Burdjak
Keyword(s):  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Hybrid Regimes ◽  
Illiberal Democracy ◽  
Final Destination ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
Political Realities

Theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of political transformations in the CEE post-communist countries have been analyzed. The author argues that democratic transits do not guarantee transition to democracy and its consolidation. They are just polymorphic conversion processes from one political state to another, where the final destination is not always a democracy. They are influenced by general international factors, which allows us to consider the democratic transits, which may not consolidate into democracy, as integral components of the modern global democratic wave. Their real democratic value is not a definite variable. Political realities indicate that some of the transits proceed to illiberal democracy and hybrid regimes with different (non-) democratic features or often with versions of a new authoritarianism. In electoral democracies, only the external, formal sides of the democracy and democratic procedures are imitated, especially elections, which does not give grounds to relate these regimes to the democratic ones. Keywords: Post-communist countries of CEE, theoretical and methodological approaches, political transformation

Authoritarian Rule of Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Meierhenrich
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Hybrid Regimes ◽  
Authoritarian Rule ◽  
Legal Origins ◽  
Comparative Historical Analysis ◽  
Society Research

What for many years was seen as an oxymoron—the notion of an authoritarian rule of law—no longer is. Instead, the phenomenon has become a cutting edge concern in law-and-society research. In this concluding chapter, I situate Fraenkel’s theory of dictatorship in this emerging research program. In the first section, I turn the notion of an authoritarian rule of law into a social science concept. In the second section, I relate this concept to that of the dual state and both to the political science literature on so-called hybrid regimes. Drawing on this synthesis, the third section makes the concept of the dual state usable for comparative-historical analysis. Through a series of empirical vignettes, I demonstrate the contemporary relevance of Fraenkel’s institutional analysis of the Nazi state. I show why it is essential reading for anyone trying to understand the legal origins of dictatorship, then and now.

Nicaragua: De-democratization and Regime Crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvador Martí i Puig ◽  
Macià Serra
Keyword(s):  
Authoritarian Regime ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Protest ◽  
Hybrid Regimes ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Government ◽  
Nicaraguan Politics ◽  
Regime Crisis

ABSTRACTThe aim of this article is to analyze three key issues in current Nicaraguan politics and in the political debate surrounding hybrid regimes: de-democratization, political protest, and the fall of presidencies. First, it analyzes the process of de-democratization that has been taking place in Nicaragua since 2000. It shows that the 2008 elections were not competitive but characteristic of an electoral authoritarian regime. Second, it reflects on the kind of regime created in Nicaragua under Daniel Ortega’s mandate, focusing on the system’s inability to process any kind of protest and dissent. Third, it examines the extent to which the protests that broke out in April 2018 may predict the early end to Ortega’s presidency, or whether Nicaragua’s political crisis may lead to negotiations between the government and the opposition.

Cloud-Precipitation Hybrid Regimes and their Projection onto IMERG Precipitation Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daeho Jin ◽  
Lazaros Oreopoulos ◽  
Dongmin Lee ◽  
Jackson Tan ◽  
Nayeong Cho
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Hybrid Regimes ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
Moderate Resolution ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ◽  
Cloud Top Pressure

AbstractIn order to better understand cloud-precipitation relationships, we extend the concept of cloud regimes (CRs) developed from two-dimensional joint histograms of cloud optical thickness and cloud top pressure from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), to include precipitation information. Taking advantage of the high-resolution Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) precipitation dataset, we derive cloud-precipitation “hybrid” regimes by implementing a k-means clustering algorithm with advanced initialization and objective measures to determine the optimal number of clusters. By expressing the variability of precipitation rates within 1-degree grid cells as histograms and varying the relative weight of cloud and precipitation information in the clustering algorithm, we obtain several editions of hybrid cloud-precipitation regimes (CPRs), and examine their characteristics.In the deep tropics, when precipitation is weighted weakly, the cloud part centroids of the hybrid regimes resemble their counterparts of cloud-only regimes, but combined clustering tightens the cloud-precipitation relationship by decreasing each regime’s precipitation variability. As precipitation weight progressively increases, the shape of the cloud part centroids becomes blunter, while the precipitation part sharpens. When cloud and precipitation are weighted equally, the CPRs representing high clouds with intermediate to heavy precipitation exhibit distinct enough features in the precipitation parts of the centroids to allow us to project them onto the 30-min IMERG domain. Such a projection overcomes the temporal sparseness of MODIS cloud observations associated with substantial rainfall, suggesting great application potential for convection-focused studies where characterization of the diurnal cycle is essential.

Courts between Democracy and Hybrid Authoritarianism: Evidence from the Venezuelan Supreme Court

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (04) ◽  
pp. 854-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul A. Sanchez Urribarri
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Judicial Independence ◽  
Judicial Power ◽  
Theoretical Discussion ◽  
Hybrid Regimes ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Comprehensive Intervention ◽  
The Government

This article offers a theoretical discussion about courts in “hybrid regimes” that evolve from formerly democratic countries. The evolution toward authoritarianism typically allows governments more latitude to reduce judicial independence and judicial power. Yet, several reasons, including legitimacy costs, a tradition of using courts for judicial adjudication and social control, and even the use of courts for quenching dissent may discourage rulers from shutting down the judicial contestation arena and encourage them instead to appeal to less overbearing measures. This usually leads to a decline of the judiciary's proclivity to challenge the government, especially in salient cases. To illustrate these dynamics, I discuss the rise and fall of judicial power in Venezuela under Chávez's rule, focusing on the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court. Formerly the most powerful institution in the country's history, the Chamber briefly emerged as an influential actor at the beginning of the regime, but a comprehensive intervention of the judiciary in 2004 further politicized the court and effectively reduced its policy-making role.

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