PATHOGENESIS OF IMMUNE COMPLEX GLOMERULONEPHRITIS OF NEW ZEALAND MICE

1971 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank J. Dixon ◽  
Michael B. A. Oldstone ◽  
Giorgio Tonietti
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Immune Complex ◽  
Antibody Formation ◽  
Antinuclear Antibody ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Viral Antigens ◽  
Chronic Viral Infections ◽  
Nuclear Antigens ◽  
Antigen Antibody

Observations based on elution of IgG from nephritic kidneys of NZ mice and absorption of the eluted IgG with selected antigens indicate that their immune complex nephritis involves at least two kinds of antigen-antibody complexes. Antibodies reactive with nuclear antigens account for nearly half of the IgG eluted from the kidneys while antibodies reactive with Gross viral antigens make up a significant but lesser amount. Superimposed chronic viral infections affect the nephritis of NZ mice in different ways. LCM and polyoma infections hasten and intensify the antinuclear antibody responses and glomerulonephritis of these mice while LDV infection appears to protect against both antinuclear antibody formation and development of nephritis.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF INDUCED CHRONIC VIRAL INFECTIONS ON THE IMMUNOLOGIC DISEASES OF NEW ZEALAND MICE

1970 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Tonietti ◽  
Michael B. A. Oldstone ◽  
Frank J. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Dna Virus ◽  
Chronic Viral Infections ◽  
Immunologic Diseases ◽  
Capillary Walls

Chronic infections induced at birth with either LCM, an RNA virus, or polyoma, a DNA virus, in NZB, NZW, and NZB x W mice enhance ANA formation, aggravate the immune complex glomerulonephritis, and increase the associated mortality. The ANA titer was increased without apparent change in specificity of the antibodies involved in all three types of mice. Glomerulonephritis, while more severe in infected mice, was of the same type as occurred spontaneously and was characterized by a granular to lumpy accumulation of host IgG and C3 in the mesangia and along the capillary walls of the glomeruli. Of the LCM infected mice of all three types over 50% had died of glomerulonephritis by 6 months and over 85% by 9 months. Of the polyoma infected mice of all three types approximately 20% had died of glomerulonephritis by 6 months and over 40% by 9 months. Of the uninfected controls of all three types less than 10% had died by 6 months and less than 20% at 9 months except for the NZB x W females which had a 67% mortality at 9 months as a result of their spontaneous glomerulonephritis. The two viral infections had significant effect on the incidence of anti-red cell antibodies or the severity of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in any of the three NZ mice.

IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASE IN CHRONIC VIRAL INFECTIONS

1971 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. A. Oldstone ◽  
Frank J. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Immune Complex ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Immune Complex Disease ◽  
Chronic Viral Infections ◽  
Hog Cholera ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Human Disorders ◽  
Antiviral Antibody ◽  
Murine Infections

Chronic viral infections of animals associated with immune complex disease resemble a number of human disorders. At present, on the basis of showing (a) virus, host antiviral antibody, and C3 deposited in a granular pattern along the glomerular capillary wall and in the mesangia and (b) virus-host Ig (presumably antiviral antibody) complexes in the circulation, immune complex disease occurs in chronic murine infections with LCM, LDV, MSV, and ADM. In addition, granular deposits in the glomeruli in Coxsachie B, polyoma, other leukemic viral infections in mice, equine anemia, and hog cholera suggest that immune complex disease also occurs in these infections. In transplacental LCM infections maternal antiviral antibody transferred in utero or via milk induces very early and severe immune complex disease. The severity of immune complex nephritis in mice neonatally or transplacentally infected with LCM virus is directly proportional to the amount of Ig elutable from the kidney and to the proportion of this Ig which reacts with the infecting virus.

Blood-Borne Chronic Viral Infections in a Large Cohort of Immigrants in Southern Italy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Coppola ◽  
Caterina Monari ◽  
Loredana Alessio ◽  
Lorenzo Onorato ◽  
Luciano Gualderi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Large Cohort ◽  
Chronic Viral Infections

scholarly journals IgG and IgM antibody formation to spike and nucleocapsid proteins in COVID-19 characterized by multiplex immunoblot assays

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyotsna Shah ◽  
Song Liu ◽  
Hari-Hara Potula ◽  
Prerna Bhargava ◽  
Iris Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Nucleocapsid Proteins ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Igm Antibody ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
The Us ◽  
Autoimmune Conditions ◽  
Antibody Positivity ◽  
Recombinant Nucleocapsid Protein

Abstract Background Rapid and simple serological assays for characterizing antibody responses are important in the current COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. Multiplex immunoblot (IB) assays termed COVID-19 IB assays were developed for detecting IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 virus proteins in COVID-19 patients. Methods Recombinant nucleocapsid protein and the S1, S2 and receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 were used as target antigens in the COVID-19 IBs. Specificity of the IB assay was established with 231 sera from persons with allergy, unrelated viral infections, autoimmune conditions and suspected tick-borne diseases, and 32 goat antisera to human influenza proteins. IgG and IgM COVID-19 IBs assays were performed on 84 sera obtained at different times after a positive RT-qPCR test from 37 COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms. Results Criteria for determining overall IgG and IgM antibody positivity using the four SARS-CoV-2 proteins were developed by optimizing specificity and sensitivity in the COVID-19 IgG and IgM IB assays. The estimated sensitivities and specificities of the COVID-19 IgG and IgM IBs for IgG and IgM antibodies individually or for either IgG or IgM antibodies meet the US recommendations for laboratory serological diagnostic tests. The proportion of IgM-positive sera from the COVID-19 patients following an RT-qPCR positive test was maximal at 83% before 10 days and decreased to 0% after 100 days, while the proportions of IgG-positive sera tended to plateau between days 11 and 65 at 78–100% and fall to 44% after 100 days. Detection of either IgG or IgM antibodies was better than IgG or IgM alone for assessing seroconversion in COVID-19. Both IgG and IgM antibodies detected RBD less frequently than S1, S2 and N proteins. Conclusions The multiplex COVID-19 IB assays offer many advantages for simultaneously evaluating antibody responses to different SARS-CoV-2 proteins in COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions on influenza and other respiratory viral infections in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Sue Huang ◽  
◽  
Tim Wood ◽  
Lauren Jelley ◽  
Tineke Jennings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Nonpharmaceutical Interventions

AbstractStringent nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) such as lockdowns and border closures are not currently recommended for pandemic influenza control. New Zealand used these NPIs to eliminate coronavirus disease 2019 during its first wave. Using multiple surveillance systems, we observed a parallel and unprecedented reduction of influenza and other respiratory viral infections in 2020. This finding supports the use of these NPIs for controlling pandemic influenza and other severe respiratory viral threats.

scholarly journals Antigen, antibody and immune complex detection in serum samples from rats experimentally infected with Strongyloides venezuelensis

2012 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Lúcia R. Gonçalves ◽  
Claudio V. Silva ◽  
Marlene T. Ueta ◽  
Julia M. Costa-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Immune Complex ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Strongyloides Venezuelensis ◽  
Complex Detection ◽  
Antigen Antibody
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