scholarly journals A quantitative assay for transformation of bone marrow cells by Abelson murine leukemia virus.

1976 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
pp. 1453-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Rosenberg ◽  
D Baltimore
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lymphoid Cell ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Cell Transformation ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Abelson Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Murine Leukemia ◽  
Marrow Cells

A quantitative Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV) lymphoid cell transformation assay has been developed using a semisolid agarose culture system. Under these conditions lymphoid cell transformation was shown to vary linearly with the dose of A-MuLV used. The susceptibility of bone marrow cells from different strains of mice to A-MuLV-induced transformation can be estimated using the agarose assay. Strains with bone marrow cells of high, medium, and low susceptibility to A-MuLV can be identified. The assay has been used to study the susceptibility of cells from lymphoid organs of fetal and adult mice to A-MuLV. Cell suspensions from fetal liver, adult bone marrow, and adult spleen are susceptible to A-MuLV, while thymocytes are resistant to A-MuLV-induced transformation. Bovine serum albumin gradient fractionation of bone marrow cells before infection with A-MuLV demonstrates that the majority of A-MuLV-sensitive cells are recovered in a broad band partially overlapping the majority of the nucleated cells. The agarose assay system allows study of A-MuLV-lymphoid cell interaction at the level of single cell-single virus particle interaction.

scholarly journals Transformed lymphocytes from Abelson-diseased mice express levels of a B lineage transformation-associated antigen elevated from that found on normal lymphocytes.

1985 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 1421-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
G F Tidmarsh ◽  
M O Dailey ◽  
C A Whitlock ◽  
E Pillemer ◽  
I L Weissman
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Clonal Growth ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Abelson Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
B Lineage ◽  
High Level ◽  
Murine Leukemia

Animals injected with Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV) rapidly develop fatal bone marrow-derived lymphosarcomas. In all such diseased animals tested, a subpopulation of bone marrow cells expressed a monoclonal antibody-defined, B lineage transformation-associated antigen (6C3 Ag) at levels increased from that detected on normal lymphocytes. Cells bearing a high level of this antigen were found to be transformed as measured by clonal growth in agar, and they expressed surface antigen markers characteristic of early pre-B cells. High-level antigen-expressing cells were found in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen, but never in the thymus of diseased animals. This distribution agrees with the published pathology of Abelson disease.

scholarly journals Suppression of Rat Bone Marrow Cells by Friend Murine Leukemia Virus Envelope Proteins

Virology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 242 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Mazgareanu ◽  
Justus G. Müller ◽  
Stefanie Czub ◽  
Simone Schimmer ◽  
Martin Bredt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Envelope Proteins ◽  
Virus Envelope ◽  
Murine Leukemia ◽  
Rat Bone ◽  
Marrow Cells

Abelson murine leukemia virus induces platelet-derived growth factor-independent fibroblast growth: correlation with kinase activity and dissociation from full morphologic transformation

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 278-287
Author(s):  
R W Rees-Jones ◽  
M Goldfarb ◽  
S P Goff
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Cell Transformation ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Morphological Transformation ◽  
Abelson Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Murine Leukemia

Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV) encodes a single protein product, a tyrosine-specific protein kinase, whose activity is necessary for cell transformation by this retrovirus. Using a defined medium culture system, we demonstrate that transformation of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts by A-MuLV abrogates their normal requirement for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) for cell growth. Analysis of constructed insertional mutant viruses revealed an absolute correlation between A-MuLV-encoded tyrosine kinase activity and PDGF-independent fibroblast growth. Sequences of the provirus not required for kinase activity appeared unnecessary for abrogating the fibroblast requirement for PDGF. Conversely, sequences required for kinase activity appeared necessary, suggesting that induction of PDGF-independent fibroblast growth, like cell transformation, is a function of this tyrosine kinase. Fibroblasts transformed by a partially transformation-defective mutant demonstrated incomplete morphological transformation but were still independent of PDGF for growth. Thus, the processes of full morphological transformation and growth factor independence can be partially dissociated.

scholarly journals Expression of AKR murine leukemia virus gp71-like and BALB(X) gp-71-like antigens in normal mouse tissues in the absence of overt virus expression.

1977 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 422-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
P R McClintock ◽  
J N Ihle ◽  
D R Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Normal Mouse ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Mouse Tissues ◽  
Virus Expression ◽  
Murine Leukemia

By competition radioimmune assays with antisera against AKR murine leukemia virus (MuLV) gp 71 or antisera against xenotropic virus, and iodinated AKR MuLV gp71 or BALB(X) gp71, antigens serologically indistinguishable from the viral antigens can be detected in tissues of normal mice in the absence of overt virus expression. An antigen serologically indistinguishable from AKR MuLV gp71 can be readily detected in normal bone marrow cells of the common strains of mice including NIH Swiss, 129/J, and SWR/J, as well as in Mus cervicolor and Mus musculus casteneus. In contrast, this antigen is not detected in normal spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, or serum. Similarly, an antigen serologically indistinguishable from BALB(X) gp71 was found in all normal mouse sera examined. This antigen was not present in fetal liver, perfused adult liver, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, or bone marrow of the mice examined. An equivalent antigen was detected in sera from Mus musculus casteneus but not in sera from Mus cervicolor.

scholarly journals Identification of Directly Infected Cells in the Bone Marrow of Neonatal Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus-Infected Mice by Use of a Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus-Based Vector

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 1617-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Okimoto ◽  
Hung Fan
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Nonspecific Esterase ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitors ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Murine Leukemia

ABSTRACT Early bone marrow infection of Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV)-infected mice was studied. Previous experiments indicated that early bone marrow infection is essential for the efficient development of T lymphoma. In order to identify the cellular pathway of infection in the bone marrow, infection of mice with a helper-free replication-defective M-MuLV-based retroviral vector was carried out. Such a vector will undergo only one round of infection, without spreading to other cells; thus, cells infected by the initially injected virus (directly infected cells) can be identified. For these experiments, the BAG vector that expresses bacterial β-galactosidase was employed. Neonatal NIH/Swiss mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with ca. 106 infectious units of a BAG vector pseudotyped with M-MuLV proteins, and bone marrow cells were recovered 2 to 12 days postinfection. Single-cell suspensions were tested for infection by staining with X-Gal (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-d-galactopyranoside) or by immunofluorescence with an anti-β-galactosidase antibody. Two sizes of infected cells were evident: large multinucleated cells and small nondescript (presumptively hematopoietic) cells. Secondary stains for lineage-specific markers indicated that the large cells were osteoclasts. Some of the small cells expressed nonspecific esterase, which placed them in the myeloid lineage, but they lacked markers for hematopoietic progenitors (mac-1, gr-1, sca-1, and CD34). These results provide evidence for primary M-MuLV infection of osteoclasts or osteoclast progenitors in the bone marrow, and they suggest that known hematopoietic progenitors are not primary targets for infection. However, the subsequent spread of infection to hematopoietic progenitors was indicated, since bone marrow from mice infected in parallel with replication-competent wild-type M-MuLV showed detectable infection in small cells positive for mac-1 or CD34, as well as in osteoclasts.

scholarly journals Multiple immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene transcripts in Abelson murine leukemia virus-transformed lymphoid cell lines

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-400
Author(s):  
F W Alt ◽  
N Rosenberg ◽  
V Enea ◽  
E Siden ◽  
D Baltimore
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Lymphoid Cell ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Chain Gene ◽  
Rna Sequences ◽  
Abelson Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Polypeptide Chains ◽  
Murine Leukemia

Lymphoid cells transformed by Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV) contain three classes of RNA transcripts from immunoglobulin mu genes. P mu-mRNAs (productive) correspond to the normal 2.7-kilobase (kb) membrane (mu m) and 2.4-kb secreted (mu s) mu mRNA species both in size and coding capacity and occur at approximately equal abundance in most mu-positive (pre-B-like) A-MuLV transformants. A mu-mRNAs (aberrant) generally fall into one of two categories--aberrantly small 2.3-kb mu m and 2.0-kb mu s mRNAs which encode aberrantly small mu polypeptide chains, or normal-sized, V H-containing mu RNAs which do not encode immunologically identifiable mu polypeptide chains. In one case, the latter type of A mu-mRNA was demonstrated to result from an in-phase termination codon in the D segment of the mu mRNA. Also, most, if not all, A-MuLV transformants express members of a 3.0 to 1.9-kb set of C mu-containing, but V H-negative S mu-RNAs (for sterile), the expression of which may occur simultaneously with but independently of P mu-mRNAs or A mu-mRNAs. The S mu-RNA sequences do not encode immunologically identifiable mu chains and can be produced by cells with unrearranged heavy-chain alleles, such as T-lymphocytes, although the structure of the S mu-RNAs from T-lymphoid cells appears to be different from that of B-lymphoid cell S mu-RNAs. Certain A-MuLV transformants also express gamma-RNA sequences that are probably analogous to the three different forms of mu RNA. These data support the concept that heavy-chain allelic exclusion, like that of light chains, is not mediated by control at the DNA or RNA levels but is probably a consequence of feedback control from cytoplasmic mu chains.

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