scholarly journals Genetic control of cytolytic T-lymphocyte responses. I. Ir gene control of the specificity of cytolytic T-lymphocyte responses to trinitrophenyl-modified syngeneic cells.

1978 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Billings ◽  
S J Burakoff ◽  
M E Dorf ◽  
B Benacerraf
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Inbred Mouse ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Gene Control ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Cytolytic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Responses ◽  
Hybrid Mice

The ability of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) induced in vitro to trinitrophenyl (TNP)-modified syngeneic cells to cross-reactively lyse a TNP allogeneic spleen target varies among inbred mouse strains. The cross-reactive CTL phenotype was found to be histocompatibility 2 (H-2) linked and to be dominant in F1 hybrid mice. All strains investigated demonstrated cross-reactivity except for some strains bearing portions of the H-2k haplotype. The gene(s) controlling this response maps to the K and/or I-A region of the H-2 complex. We have termed the immune response (Ir) gene responsible for controlling the specificity of CTL induced to TNP-modified syngeneic cells Ir-X-TNP.

The roles of pyruvate, lactate and glucose during preimplantation development of embryos from F1 hybrid mice in vitro

Development ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Brown ◽  
D.G. Whittingham
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Mouse ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Preimplantation Development ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Morula Stage ◽  
Lactate And Pyruvate ◽  
Hybrid Mice

Embryos of certain inbred mouse strains, and their F1 hybrids, are able to develop from the 1-cell to blastocyst stage in simple chemically defined media containing lactate (L), pyruvate (P) and glucose (G). The individual roles of these substrates in supporting complete preimplantation development in vitro was examined with 1-cell F2 embryos from B6CBF1 hybrid mice. Embryos collected between 26 and 27 h post hCG were cultured in medium containing L, P, LP or LPG. After 50 h in culture, the proportions developing to the morula stage were 1%, 83%, 94% and 100%, respectively. In combination, lactate and pyruvate appeared to act synergistically and both the rate and level of development to the morula stage were unaffected by the absence of glucose. After a further 46 h in culture, only the embryos grown in the presence of glucose developed into blastocysts. In LP medium, embryos arrested at the compacted morula stage late on day 3 of development. As culture continued in the absence of glucose, embryos decompacted (approximately 82 h post hCG) and subsequently degenerated. Exposure to medium containing glucose for the first, second or third 24 h period in culture was sufficient to support the morula-to-blastocyst transition. Glucose still supported this transition when embryos were transferred to LPG medium 3 h after the completion of compaction (76 h post hCG), but was ineffective 6 h later (82 h post hCG) once decompaction had commenced. We conclude that lactate and pyruvate together are able to support normal development of 1-cell F2 embryos to the morula stage in vitro, but that glucose is an essential component of the culture medium for development to the blastocyst stage.

scholarly journals Genetic control of cytolytic t-lymphocyte responses. II. The role of the host genotype in parental leads to F1 radiation chimeras in the control of the specificity of cytolytic T-lymphocyte responses to trinitrophenyl-modified syngeneic cells.

1978 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Billings ◽  
S J Burakoff ◽  
M E Dorf ◽  
B Benacerraf
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Host Genotype ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Cytolytic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Responses

Bone marrow cells from C3H (H-2k) mice, a strain that does not exhibit cross-reactive lysis of trinitrophenyl (TNP)-modified allogeneic targets, were allowed to mature in heavily irradiated (B6 times C3H)F1 (H-2b/k) recipients, an F1 hybrid that does demonstrate cross-reactive lysis. Spleen cells from these chimeric mice were removed after 3-4 mo and by H-2 typing shown to be of C3H origin. These cells were found to be tolerant to B6 alloantigens by mixed lymphocyte reaction and cell-mediated cytotoxicity and, when stimulated in vitro with TNP-modified syngeneic cells, now cross-reactively lysed TNP-modified allogeneic targets. These studies demonstrate that the host environment where T cells differentiate influences the specificity of the primary cytolytic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response to TNP-modified syngeneic antigens.

Characterization of a factor(s) which synergizes with recombinant interleukin 2 in promoting allogeneic human cytolytic T-lymphocyte responses in vitro

1988 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry L. Wong ◽  
Darien E. Wilson ◽  
James C. Jenson ◽  
Philip C. Familletti ◽  
Donna L. Stremlo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Cytolytic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Recombinant Interleukin 2 ◽  
Lymphocyte Responses

scholarly journals Genetic polymorphism of mouse immunoglobulin light chains revealed by isoelectric focusing.

1976 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 298-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Isoelectric Focusing ◽  
Inbred Mouse ◽  
Rapid Analysis ◽  
Light Chains ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Immunoglobulin Light Chains ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Mouse Immunoglobulin ◽  
Gel Isoelectric Focusing ◽  
Hybrid Mice

Light chains isolated from normal immunoglobulin of unimmunized mice were analyzed by gel isoelectric focusing. Examination of the focusing patterns of light chains from nine inbred mouse strains showed that six of the strains (SWR/J, C3H/HeJ, DBA/1J, A/J, CBA/J, and C57BL/6J) possessed a virtually identical spectrum of focusing bands, while the remaining three strains (RF/J, AKR/J, and C58/J) showed clear differences involving several bands. Analysis of the light chains of individual SWR/J, C58/J, and F1 hybrid mice indicated that the differences in focusing pattern were inherited in a simple codominant fashion. A new procedure was developed for the rapid analysis of light chains from small quantities of serum.

scholarly journals Mutual recognition of parental and F1 lymphocytes. Selective abrogation of cytotoxic potential of F1 lymphocytes by parental lymphocytes.

1980 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
G M Shearer ◽  
R P Polisson
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Mice ◽  
Lymphocyte Populations

Four different combinations of F1 hybrid mice [(C57BL/10 X B10.A)F1, (C57BL/10 X B10.BR)F1, B6D2F1, and AKD2F1] were injected intravenously with spleen cells from parental strains. The T-cell-mediated cytotoxic potential of spleen cells from the injected F1 mice was assessed from 4 to 21 d later by in vitro sensitization with trinitrophenyl-modified parental or syngeneic F1 spleen cells (TNP-self) or with allogeneic spleen cells. The cytotoxic potential of the F1 mice to TNP-self as well as to alloantigens was abolished or severely depressed throughout this period when the respective H-2k,a,d parental spleen cells were injected. In contrast, the cytotoxic potential was unaffected or only marginally reduced when H-2b parental cells were injected. The induction of depressed cytotoxic activity was shown to be a result of a population of parental radiosensitive T lymphocytes. The results should be discussed with respect to (a) the genetic and mechanistic parameters associated with the differential depressive effects of parental cells expressing H-2b vs. H-2k,a,d antigens, and (b) the use of this system for investigating allogeneic receptors on T-lymphocyte populations.

scholarly journals Nature of T lymphocyte recognition of macrophage-associated antigens. V. Contribution of individual peptide residues of human fibrinopeptide B to T lymphocyte responses.

1980 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 620-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
D W Thomas ◽  
K H Hsieh ◽  
J L Schauster ◽  
M S Mudd ◽  
G D Wilner
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Native Peptide ◽  
Lymphocyte Responses

Guinea pig T lymphocyte responses to a decapeptide antigen (NH1-Asp5-Ans6-Glu7-Glu8-Gly9-Phe10-Phe11-Ser12-Ala13-Arg14-OH) of human fibrinopeptide B (hFPB) were examined using various synthetic peptide analogues containing single residue substitutions. Each analogue was examined for antigenicity as determined by an in vitro proliferative responses of hFPN-immune strain 2 guinae pig T cells. In addition, both strain 2 and strain 13 animals were immunized with each analogue and immunogenicity assessed by in vitro T cell-proliferative responses with the homologous immunizing analogue and the parent peptide. Replacement of arginine14 with lysine formed an immunogenic analogue which showed no antigenic cross-reactivity with the native peptide in strain 2 T cell responses. In addition, substitution of arginine14 with blocked lysine again produced a unique immunogenic analogue that showed little or no antigenic identity with the intact lysine analogue or the native peptide. In similar fashion, substitution of resideu phenylalanie10 with tyrosine or Phe(4-NO2) created unique immunogenic analogues with little or no antigenic identity to the native peptide with strain 2 T cells. By contrast, replacement of phenylalanine11 with either tyrosine or Phe(4-NO2) resulted in analogues with a total loss of immunogenicity and antigenicity in strain 2 T cell responses. An analogue in which glutamic acid7,8 were replaced with glutamine retained a small degree of antigenicity with hFPB-immune T cells, but T cells from strain 2 animals immunized with the Gln analogue responded only marginally to the Gln analogue while producing good proliferative responses with the native peptide. On the other hand, an analogue in which asparatic acid5 was replaced with asparagine retained most of the antigenic identity with hFPB for strain 2 T cell responses. None of thee analogues were immunogenic for strain 13 guinea pigs. These observations are discussed with respect to the contribution of each substituted residue to T cell respones, mechanism of Ir gene function, and a model for T cell recognition of small peptide antigens.

scholarly journals Graft-vs.-host-associated immune suppression is activated by recognition of allogeneic murine I-A antigens.

1983 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 936-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
G M Shearer ◽  
R B Levy
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Immune Suppression ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Hybrid Mice

Several combinations of F1 hybrid mice were injected intravenously with parental spleen cells to determine the minimal H-2 differences between F1 and parent that are necessary to induce graft-vs.-host-associated immune suppression (GVH-associated suppression). 7-14 d after injection, the spleens of the F1 mice were tested for cytotoxic T lymphocyte potential by in vitro sensitization against trinitrophenyl-self and H-2 alloantigens. The results indicate that parental T lymphocytes must recognize I-A allogeneic determinants of the F1 recipient in order to induce suppression. Recognition of K or D alone or D with I region products other than I-A did not induce suppression. The recognition of I region without K and/or D and even the I-A difference between C57BL/6 and the B6.Cbm12 mutation resulted in immune suppression that was as potent as that resulting from the recognition of K, D, and I together. The possible significance of this function for I-A antigens is discussed with respect to three clinical examples of immune suppression for which this phenomenon may be relevant.

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