scholarly journals Lymphokine-activated killer cell phenomenon. III. Evidence that IL-2 is sufficient for direct activation of peripheral blood lymphocytes into lymphokine-activated killer cells.

1983 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. 1356-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
E A Grimm ◽  
R J Robb ◽  
J A Roth ◽  
L M Neckers ◽  
L B Lachman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Purification ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Killer Cell ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Lymphokine Activated Killer Cells ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Direct Activation ◽  
Activation Factor ◽  
Dependent Cell

Purified interleukin 2 (IL-2) was found to be sufficient for direct activation of peripheral blood lymphocytes into lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells. The LAK activation factor was directly and consistently associated with IL-2 activity using classic protein purification techniques, adsorption to IL-2-dependent cell lines, and inhibition with anti-Tac antibody. As yet, no other cytokines have been found that perform the same role.

Long-Term Follow-up of Patients with Recurrent Malignant Gliomas Treated with Adjuvant Adoptive Immunotherapy

Neurosurgery ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin O. Lillehei ◽  
Dawn H. Mitchell ◽  
Stephen D. Johnson ◽  
Larry E. McCleary ◽  
Carol A. Kruse
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Adoptive Immunotherapy ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Lak Cells ◽  
Prior Chemotherapy ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Between August 1986 and October 1987, the Denver Brain Tumor Research Group conducted a clinical trial using autologous human recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2)-activated lymphocytes to treat 20 patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas. The trial involved surgical resection and/or decompression followed by intracavitary implantation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and autologous stimulated lymphocytes (ASL) along with rIL-2 in a plasma clot. One month later, stimulated lymphocytes and rIL-2 were infused through a Rickham reservoir attached to a catheter directed into the tumor bed. The LAK cells were rIL-2-activated peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured for 4 days; the ASL were lectin- and rIL-2-activated peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured for 10 days. Of the 20 patients treated, 11 were evaluated as a group (mean age, 44 years, range, 15-61 years; mean Karnofsky rating, 69, range, 50-100; mean Decadron dose at entry, 14 mg/d. range, 0-32). The average number of lymphocytes implanted was 7.6 × 109 (range, 1.9-27.5 × 109), together with 1 to 4 × 106 U of rIL-2. To date, 10 of the 11 patients died, all from recurrent tumor growth. The median overall survival time was 63 weeks (range, 36-201; mean, 86). The median survival time after immunotherapy was 18 weeks (range, 11-151; mean, 39). No significant difference in survival after immunotherapy was found between those patients who had received previous chemotherapy and those who had not. The use of steroids or prior chemotherapy did not influence the in vitro generation of ASL or LAK cells. Prior chemotherapy did correlate, however, with diminished in vitro cytotoxicity against the natural killer-sensitive (K562) target cell by LAK cells (P < 0.05) but not that by ASL. There were no major adverse side effects. Although adoptive immunotherapy was safe and well tolerated, its therapeutic potential remains in question.

Expression and coreceptor activity of STRL33/Bonzo on primary peripheral blood lymphocytes

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Sharron ◽  
Stefan Pöhlmann ◽  
Ken Price ◽  
Elias Lolis ◽  
Monica Tsang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Macaque ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract CCR5 and CXCR4 are the major coreceptors that mediate human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection, while most simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) isolates use CCR5. A number of alternative coreceptors can also mediate infection of some virus strains in vitro, although little is known about their in vivo relevance. Therefore, we characterized the expression pattern and coreceptor activity of one of these alternative coreceptors, STRL33/Bonzo, using a newly developed monoclonal antibody. In addition to being highly expressed (approximately 1000-7000 STRL33 ABS [antibody binding sites]) on specific subsets of natural killer cells (CD3−/CD16−/low/CD56+ and CD3−/CD16low/CD56−) and CD19+ B lymphocytes (approximately 300-5000 STRL33 ABS), STRL33 was expressed at levels sufficient to support virus infection on freshly isolated, truly naive CD4+/CD45RA+/CD62L+cells (6000-11 000 ABS). STRL33 expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was increased by mitogenic stimulation (OKT3/IL-2 [interleukin-2] had a greater effect than phytohemaglutinin (PHA)/IL-2), but it was dramatically decreased upon Ficoll purification. Infection of CCR5− human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) showed that 2 different SIV envelope (Env) proteins mediated entry into STRL33+cells. More importantly, the preferential infection of STRL33+ cells in CCR5− PBLs by an R5/X4/STRL33 HIV-1 maternal isolate in the presence of a potent CXCR4 antagonist (AMD3100) suggests that STRL33 can be used as a coreceptor by HIV-1 on primary cells. Rhesus macaque (rh) STRL33 was used less efficiently than human STRL33 by the majority of SIV Env proteins tested despite similar levels of expression, thereby making it less likely that STRL33 is a relevant coreceptor in the rhesus macaque system. In summary, the expression pattern and coreceptor activity of STRL33 suggest its involvement in trafficking of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and indicate that STRL33 may be a relevant coreceptor in vivo.

Rabies-specific production of interleukin-2 by peripheral blood lymphocytes from human rabies vaccinees

Vaccine ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 549-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Perrin ◽  
Marie-Line Joffret ◽  
Carlos Zanetti ◽  
Hervé Bourhy ◽  
Corinne Gontier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Specific Production ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes
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