Antiviral cytotoxic T cell response induced by in vivo priming with a free synthetic peptide.

Induction in vivo of antiviral cytotoxic T cell response was achieved in a MHC class I-dependent fashion by immunizing mice three times with a free unmodified 15-mer peptide derived from the nucleoprotein of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in IFA. The effector T cells are CD8+, restricted to the class I Ld allele of the analyzed mouse strain, and are specific both at the level of secondary restimulation in vitro and at the effector T cell level. These results suggest that cocktails of viral peptides may be used as antiviral T cell vaccines.

Download Full-text

Role of viral infectivity in the induction of influenza virus-specific cytotoxic T cells.

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.147.4.1236 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 147 (4) ◽

pp. 1236-1252 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

T J Braciale ◽

K L Yap

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Influenza Virus ◽

T Cell ◽

Cell Response ◽

Infectious Virus ◽

Cytotoxic T Cells ◽

T Cell Response ◽

Cytotoxic T Cell

This report examines the requirement for infectious virus in the induction of influenza virus-specific cytotoxic T cells. Infectious influenza virus was found to be highly efficient at generating both primary and secondary cytotoxic T-cell response in vivo. Inactivated influenza virus however, failed to stimulate a detectable cytotoxic T-cell response in vivo even at immunizing doses 10(5)-10(6)-fold higher than the minimum stimulatory dose of infectious virus. Likewise inactivated virus failed to sensitize target cells for T cell-mediated lysis in vitro but could stimulate a specific cytotoxic response from primed cells in vitro. Possible requirements for the induction of virus-specific cytotoxic T-cell responses are discussed in light of these observations and those of other investigators.

Download Full-text

Gut mucosal immunization with reovirus serotype 1/L stimulates virus-specific cytotoxic T cell precursors as well as IgA memory cells in Peyer's patches.

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.165.3.830 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 165 (3) ◽

pp. 830-847 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

S D London ◽

D H Rubin ◽

J J Cebra

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Cell Response ◽

T Cell Response ◽

Peyer's Patches ◽

Cytotoxic T Cell ◽

Peyer’S Patches ◽

Memory Cells ◽

Mucosal Tissues

In this report we have shown that reovirus 1/L is an effective mucosal immunogen capable of generating a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) and associated helper T cell response to the nominal antigens associated with reovirus 1/L. The effectors that mediate reovirus-specific cytotoxicity are Thy-1+, Lyt-2+, and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted in their recognition of reovirus antigens, and can therefore be classified as CTLs. Frequency analysis of precursor CTLs occurring in Peyer's patches (PP) and peripheral lymph nodes (PLN) 6 d and 6 mo after intraduodenal stimulation have demonstrated that a persistent gradient of precursors is established, with higher frequencies present in PP. The generation of a CTL response in PP may be important in preferentially repopulating mucosal tissues with effector CTLs that could result in the local containment of infections in the gut. We also found that reovirus 1/L generates a virus-specific B cell response that is dominated by IgA memory cells after intraduodenal immunization. We hypothesize that the efficacy of reovirus 1/L at stimulating T and B cells in the gut mucosa is related to its ability to selectively enter PP via microfold (M) cells after enteric application. In this study we have also demonstrated that PP cells, upon in vitro culture and unrelated to prior reovirus priming, can generate natural killer-like (NK) cytotoxic activity. This may be an in vitro correlate of the in vivo generation of effectors that may populate mucosal tissues (i.e., the intestinal epithelium) with NK-like effector cells.

Download Full-text

Induction of a primary cytotoxic T cell response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-infected cells in vitro

Cellular Immunology ◽

10.1016/s0008-8749(77)80019-1 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 190-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Malcolm B.C. Dunlop ◽

Robert V. Blanden

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Cell Response ◽

Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis ◽

Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus ◽

T Cell Response ◽

Cytotoxic T Cell ◽

Infected Cells

Download Full-text

Tumor-Released Survivin Induces a Type-2 T Cell Response and Decreases Cytotoxic T Cell Function, in Vitro

Cancer Microenvironment ◽

10.1007/s12307-012-0096-9 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 57-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jessica M. S. Jutzy ◽

Salma Khan ◽

Malyn May Asuncion-Valenzuela ◽

Terry-Ann M. Milford ◽

Kimberly J. Payne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Cell Response ◽

Cell Function ◽

T Cell Response ◽

Cytotoxic T Cell ◽

T Cell Function

Download Full-text

PD-L1hi plasmablasts limit the T cell response during the acute phase of parasite infections

10.1101/2020.06.10.142067 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Melisa Gorosito Serrán ◽

Facundo Fiocca Vernengo ◽

Laura Almada ◽

Cristian G Beccaria ◽

Pablo F Canete ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Cell Response ◽

Cell Activation ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Plasma Cells ◽

Chronic Phase ◽

Surface Expression ◽

T Cell Response

ABSTRACTDuring infections with protozoan parasites or virus, T cell immunosuppression is generated simultaneously with a high B cell activation. Here, we show that in T. cruzi infection, all plasmablasts detected had higher surface expression of PD-L1, than other mononuclear cells. PD-L1hi plasmablasts were induced in vivo in an antigen-specific manner and required help from Bcl-6+CD4+T cells. PD-L1hi expression was not a characteristic of all antibody-secreting cells since plasma cells found during the chronic phase of infection express PD-L1 but at lower levels. PD-L1hi plasmablasts were also present in mice infected with Plasmodium or with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, but not in mice with autoimmune disorders or immunized with T cell-dependent antigens. PD-L1hi plasmablasts suppressed T cell response, via PD-L1, in vitro and in vivo. Thus, this study reveals that extrafollicular PD-L1hi plasmablasts, which precede the germinal center (CG) response, are a suppressive population in infections that may influence T cell response.Brief summaryPathogens develop different strategies to settle in the host. We identified a plasmablats population induced by pathogens in acute infections which suppress T cell response.

Download Full-text