scholarly journals APPLICATION OF THE DIFFUSION HYPOTHESIS TO MEMBRANE POTENTIALS

1924 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 759-768
Author(s):  
Cecil D. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Amyl Alcohol ◽  
Simple Diffusion ◽  
Phase Reversal ◽  
Ionic Mobilities ◽  
Special Case

A system consisting of two aqueous solutions, containing equal concentrations of lactic acid, but different concentrations of Na lactate, separated by a layer of amyl alcohol has been described. This system exhibits electrical properties ranging (as the concentration of NaL is increased) from those characteristic of a simple Donnan equilibrium to those characteristic of simple diffusion. The fact that the Donnan P.D. can be treated as a special case of a diffusion potential has been emphasized. The experiments call attention to the effect of the thermodynamic properties of the membrane, and it is suggested that such properties as conductivities, ionic mobilities, and distribution coefficients in membranes of any sort should be investigated. The experiments afford an interesting example of "phase reversal."

Electrical Properties of Heat-Treated Poly-Lactic Acid

2011 ◽  
Vol 131 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Oi ◽  
Katsuyoshi Shinyama ◽  
Shigetaka Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Heat Treated

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF GAZKONDNAFTA AND HYSYS SOFTWARE SYSTEMS IN THE FIELD OF COMPUTER MODELING OF OIL AND GAS TECHNOLOGIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-22
Author(s):  
O.V. Kalashnikov ◽  
S.V. Budniak ◽  
Yu.V. Ivanov ◽  
Yu.M. Belyansky ◽  
N.O. Aptulina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Computer Modeling ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Program System ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Liquid Phases

The experimental and calculated according to program systems GasCondOil, Aspen-HYSYS and PRO-II compositions of the gas — liquid phases (hydrocarbon and aqueous solutions) and their thermodynamic properties are compared, as well as the accuracy of technological calculations of field pipelines and natural gas and oil treatment processes. It is shown that some of the field technological processes, calculated by the program system GasCondOil, are not modeled on Aspen-HYSYS. Bibl. 16, Fig. 9, Tab. 15.

Phosphonium ionic liquids as new, reactive extractants of lactic acid

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Marták ◽  
Š. Schlosser
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Reverse Micelles ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Coordination Mechanism ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Cyphos Il 101 ◽  
Cyphos Il 104 ◽  
Phosphonium Ionic Liquids

AbstractSolvent properties of ionic liquids with trihexyltetradecylphosphonium cation and bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate anion (Cyphos IL-104) or chloride anion (Cyphos IL-101) were studied. IL-104 effectively extracted lactic acid (LA) with distribution coefficients above 40 at low acid concentrations. IL-104 extracted only undissociated acid (LAH) what supported the coordination mechanism of lactic acid extraction via H-bonding. In the extraction of lactic acid by phosphonium chloride (IL-101) an ion-exchange mechanism contributed remarkably to the extraction especially at basic pH where anionic form of this acid predominated. A high solubility of water in hydrophobic IL-104 up to 14.4 mass % was connected with the formation of reverse micelles. A dual mechanism of water extraction to phosphonium ionic liquids was identified, which consisted of water incorporation into reverse micelles and the inclusion of water into the hydrated complex of lactic acid with ionic liquid (IL). The extraction of lactic acid caused splitting of reverse micelles with liberation of water from the solvent. In the saturated solvent only hydration water remained in the complex of lactic acid with phosphonium ionic liquid, with the suggested structure (LAH)p(IL)(H2O)2, where the value of p ranged from 1 to 3.

Research on Thermodynamic Properties of Bioleaching Solution in Lean Nickel-Cobalt Ore by Pitzer - Meissner Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 1455-1459
Author(s):  
Chu Yue Hou ◽  
Gui Ying Zhou ◽  
Jian Kang Wen ◽  
Biao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Activity Coefficient ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Pitzer Model ◽  
Foreign Ions ◽  
Nickel Cobalt

In this paper, we jointly use the Pitzer model and the Meissner model to study thermodynamic laws of bioleaching solution in a lean nickel-cobalt ore in the Jilin Baishan, by using the Pitzer model to calculate activity coefficients of single electrolyte aqueous solutions and the Meissner model to calculate activity coefficients of components in the bioleaching solution. Also we studied the rules of activity coefficient of NiSO4 and CoSO4 in the solution. Results show that when separating and purifying foreign ions from bioleaching solution of the lean nickel-cobalt ore, the descending sequence of their ion concentration’s effect over the solution is Mg2+, Fe3+, Fe2+, Ni2+, Co2+ and Ca2+.

THE CYLINDRICAL ORE BODY IN THE PRESENCE OF A CABLE CARRYING AN OSCILLATING CURRENT

Geophysics ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Wait
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Massive Sulphide ◽  
Conducting Medium ◽  
Geophysical Prospecting ◽  
Conducting Cylinder ◽  
Sulphide Ore ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
The Media ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Ore Zones

The problem of an infinite cable carrying an oscillating current parallel to a conducting cylinder is solved. The homogeneous electrical properties of the media inside and outside the cylinder can be arbitrary. The special case is considered in detail where the exterior medium is a relatively poor conducting medium. The application to geophysical prospecting for massive sulphide ore zones is discussed.

Thermodynamic properties of crystalline L-carnosine and its aqueous solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 106206
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Tyunina ◽  
Igor N. Mezhevoi ◽  
Valeriya V. Dunaeva
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Aqueous Solutions
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