A LATENT PERIOD IN THE ACTION OF COPPER ON RESPIRATION

1. When copper chloride is allowed to act on Aspergillus niger there is at first a period during which there is no change in the rate of the production of carbon dioxide, following which the rate of respiration falls. The interval of no change is called the latent period. 2. When the copper is removed from the external solution before the end of the latent period this interval is prolonged. The rate of respiration then falls to a new level below the normal level. 3. Experiments on Nitella and on Valonia indicate that the copper penetrates the cell almost immediately. 4. The length of the latent period varies inversely as a constant power of the concentration of the copper. 5. These results are explained by assuming that the copper is made active in the respiration system by means of a reversible reaction. By using appropriate velocity constants the experimental curves can be duplicated by calculated curves.

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Interactions of increased pO2 and pCO2 effects in producing convulsions and death in mice

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1961.16.1.1 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

John R. Marshall ◽

Christian J. Lambertsen

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

High Pressure ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Latent Period ◽

Survival Time ◽

Brain Blood Flow ◽

Time Data ◽

Cortical Depression ◽

Survival Time Data ◽

Very High

In 379 mice subjected to from 1 to 11 atm. of pO2 and 0 to 304 mm Hg of pCO2 for 90 minutes, oxygen was convulsigenic at pressures greater than 3 atm. and lethal at greater than 4 atm. Carbon dioxide in 1 atm. of O2 was not convulsigenic but was lethal at very high tensions. In the presence of O2 at high pressure (OHP) small elevations of CO2 tension shortened the preconvulsive latent period, whereas CO2 tensions greater than 120 mm Hg inhibited convulsions. Survival time in OHP was shortened by the addition of CO2. An interaction between OHP and CO2 effects is suggested by both the preconvulsive latent period and survival time data. The effects of CO2 on OHP and electroshock convulsions are compared and possible reasons for differences are discussed in light of the previously demonstrated general cortical depression and inhibition of convulsions by CO2. The potentiation of OHP convulsions by low CO2 tensions is probably due to effects on brain blood flow. Although death can occur without convulsions there is a tendency for animals susceptible to convulsions to be also susceptible to the lethal properties of OHP with CO2. Submitted on July 28, 1960

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In situ Acidic Carbon Dioxide/Ethanol System for Selective Oxybromination of Aromatic Ethers Catalyzed by Copper Chloride

Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis ◽

10.1002/adsc.201100467 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 353 (17) ◽

pp. 3187-3195 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

An-Hua Liu ◽

Liang-Nian He ◽

Fang Hua ◽

Zhen-Zhen Yang ◽

Cheng-Bin Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Copper Chloride ◽

Ethanol System

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Review for "An intriguing “reversible reaction” in the fragmentation of deprotonated dicamba and benzoic acid in a Q‐orbitrap mass spectrometer: loss and addition of carbon dioxide"

10.1002/rcm.8893/v1/review1 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Benzoic Acid ◽

Mass Spectrometer ◽

Reversible Reaction ◽

Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer

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Decision letter for "An intriguing “reversible reaction” in the fragmentation of deprotonated dicamba and benzoic acid in a Q‐orbitrap mass spectrometer: loss and addition of carbon dioxide"

10.1002/rcm.8893/v1/decision1 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Benzoic Acid ◽

Mass Spectrometer ◽

Reversible Reaction ◽

Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer

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Physicochemical Characteristics, Identification of Fungi and Optimization of Different Parameters for Degradation of Dye from Tannery Effluent

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management ◽

10.4314/jasem.v24i7.12 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (7) ◽

pp. 1203-1208

Author(s):

Ashley B. Ben ◽

E. Amutha ◽

E Pushpalaksmi ◽

Samraj J. Jenson ◽

G. Annadurai

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Physicochemical Parameters ◽

Copper Chloride ◽

Dye Decolorization ◽

Tannery Effluent ◽

Curvularia Lunata ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Tannery Effluents ◽

Fungal Isolation ◽

Identification Of Fungi

This study was carried out to find out the qualities of tannery effluents with the assessment of physicochemical parameters of effluent, isolation, and identification of fungi and their optimization of different parameters on dye decolorization. In the present study, various physicochemical parameters such as Color, Odor, pH, EC, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD, Chromium, Copper, Chloride, and Sodium of untreated tannery effluent wasstudied. The results of the parameters showed that the effluent was blackish with a disagreeable odor, alkaline in pH with a high organic and inorganic loads such as EC, TDS, BOD, COD, TSS, Chromium, Copper, Chloride and Sodium. The physicochemical parameters were determined as per the standards prescribed by CPCB. Four fungal species were isolated and identified by LPCB staining namely Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium citrinum, and Curvularia lunata. To test the activity of these fungi on different dyes, experiments were carried out for the optimization of different parameters. The maximum decolorization of dye was achieved by Aspergillus niger. From this study, it was found that the maximum biotransformation of dye effluent can help to solve the pollution problem. Keywords: physicochemical parameters, fungal isolation, and identification, Aspergillus niger,

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