Pathovars or Formae speciales of Microbotryum violaceum Differ in Electrophoretic Karyotype

1996 ◽  
Vol 157 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Perlin
Keyword(s):  
Electrophoretic Karyotype ◽  
Microbotryum Violaceum ◽  
Formae Speciales

Molecular Approaches to Differentiate Subpopulations or Formae speciales of the Fungal Phytopathogen Microbotryum violaceum

1997 ◽  
Vol 158 (5) ◽  
pp. 568-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Perlin ◽  
Carolyn Hughes ◽  
Jacqueline Welch ◽  
Shylaja Akkaraju ◽  
David Steinecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbotryum Violaceum ◽  
Formae Speciales ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Fungal Phytopathogen

scholarly journals RAPD Profile Analysis of Isolates belonging to Different Formae Speciales of Fusarium oxysporum.

CYTOLOGIA ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssuf A. M. H. Gherbawy
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Formae Speciales ◽  
Rapd Profile

scholarly journals Superoxide and Hydrogen Peroxide Play Different Roles in the Nonhost Interaction of Barley and Wheat with Inappropriate formae speciales of Blumeria graminis

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Trujillo ◽  
Karl-Heinz Kogel ◽  
Ralph Hückelhoven
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Hypersensitive Cell Death ◽  
Formae Speciales ◽  
Cell Death Response ◽  
Wall Appositions

Nonhost resistance of cereals to inappropriate formae speciales of Blumeria graminis is little understood. However, on the microscopic level, nonhost defense to B. graminis is reminiscent of host defense preventing fungal development by penetration resistance and the hypersensitive cell death response (HR). We analyzed histochemically the accumulation of superoxide anion radicals (O2•¯) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at sites of B. graminis attack in nonhost barley and wheat. Superoxide visualized by subcellular reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium accumulated in association with successful fungal penetration in attacked cells and in cells neighboring HR. In contrast, H2O2 accumulated in cell wall appositions beneath fungal penetration attempts or in the entire epidermal cell during HR. The data provide evidence for different roles and sources of superoxide and H2O2 in the nonhost interaction of cereals with inappropriate formae speciales of B. graminis.

scholarly journals Formae speciales differentiation of Phytophthora vignae isolates from cowpea and adzuki bean.

1986 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadao TSUCHIYA ◽  
Mayumi YANAGAWA ◽  
Akira OGOSHI
Keyword(s):  
Adzuki Bean ◽  
Formae Speciales

Actions antibiotique, mycolytique et parasitaire de deux actinomycètes envers Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis et autres formae speciales

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasserdine Sabaou ◽  
Nicole Bounaga ◽  
Djilali Bounaga
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Antagonistic Action ◽  
Genus Streptomyces ◽  
Streptomyces Strain ◽  
Formae Speciales ◽  
Antibiotic Action

Two actinomycètes (X9 and X10) isolated on a Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis strain showed antibiotic, mycolytic, and parasitism actions against nine "formae speciales" of Fusarium oxysporum. Strain X10 is included in genus Streptomyces and strain X9 in Nocardiopsis dassonvillei species (Lechevalier and Lechevalier) Meyer. The antibiotic action of Streptomyces strain is stronger towards F. o. dianthi, F. o. albedinis, and F. o. cyclaminis. It seems that the mycolytic power of N. dassonvillei is more specific to F. o. eleaidis, whereas the parasitism action varies depending on the "formae speciales" tested and the quantity of fungal mycelium produced. As a response to this parasitism, all the fungi produce resistance organs that can either be polymorphous thallospores or chlamydospores. The thallospores studied on a F. o. albedinis strain germinate faster than the microconidies of the same nonparasited fungus. However, many strains obtained from these thallospores are as susceptible as the mother strain to the antagonistic action of both actinomycetes

scholarly journals Correlation of Haplotypes of a Fungal Plant Pathogen with their Respective Host Species of Origin

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 936-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie S. Garr ◽  
Carolyn Hughes ◽  
Jacqueline Welch ◽  
Scott A. Brown ◽  
Michael H. Perlin
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Host Preference ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Microbotryum Violaceum ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Tubulin Genes ◽  
Wobble Position ◽  
Conserved Gene ◽  
Respective Host

The anther smut fungus, Microbotryum violaceum, infects over 200 species of Caryophyllaceae (Pinks). However, limited published studies, as well as anecdotal evidence, suggest that each isolate of the fungus is restricted to one or a few species that it can productively infect. In the absence of physical differences, it would be useful to have molecular markers to identify individuals with specific host ranges prior to genetic analyses of host preference. With this purpose in mind, 17 isolates from eight different host species were characterized for differences in their respective γ-tubulin genes. The region of the gene including the sixth and seventh introns and some surrounding coding regions was amplified and sequenced and the results were analyzed phylogenetically. Despite the small sample size and the geographical distribution of their respective host plants, isolates from the same host species showed no differences in the DNA regions examined; isolates of closely related pathovars also grouped together. In contrast, relative to the corresponding regions from other pathovars, isolates from host species that were genetically or taxonomically more distant showed a marked number of differences in both introns and in the third (wobble) position of codons in the seventh exon. Thus, DNA sequence differences in this highly conserved gene may be used to distinguish isolates from different host species. Such information may prove useful as markers for the different formae speciales in future analyses of host preference.

Assignment of cloned genes to the seven electrophoretically separated Candida albicans chromosomes

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 4721-4726
Author(s):  
B B Magee ◽  
Y Koltin ◽  
J A Gorman ◽  
P T Magee
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Unknown Function ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Homogeneous Field ◽  
Electrophoretic Karyotype ◽  
Chromosome Size ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Orthogonal Field ◽  
Chromosomal Bands

By using orthogonal-field alternating gel electrophoresis (OFAGE), field-inversion gel electrophoresis (FIGE), and contour-clamped homogeneous field gel electrophoresis (CHEF), we have clearly resolved 11 chromosomal bands from various Candida albicans strains. OFAGE resolves the smaller chromosomes better, while FIGE, which under our conditions causes the chromosomes to run in the reverse order of OFAGE, is more effective in separating the larger chromosomes. CHEF separates all chromosomes under some conditions, but these conditions do not often resolve homologs. The strains examined are highly polymorphic for chromosome size. Fourteen cloned Candida genes, isolated on the basis of conferral of new properties to or complementation of auxotrophic deficiencies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and three sequences of unknown function have been hybridized to Southern transfers of CHEF, FIGE, and OFAGE gels. Four sets of resolvable bands have been shown to be homologous chromosomes. On the basis of these data, we suggest that C. albicans has seven chromosomes. Genes have been assigned to the seven chromosomes. Two chromosomes identified genetically have been located on the electrophoretic karyotype.

scholarly journals Variabilidade genética entre formae speciales de Fusarium oxysporum e raças 1 e 2 de F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici através de RAPD e sequências de regiões ITS e rDNA

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiko Eurya Kuramae ◽  
Nilton Luiz De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Formae Speciales ◽  
5.8S Rdna

Diferenciação de formae speciales e raças de Fusarium oxysporum através de características morfológicas e culturais é bastante difícil e muitas vezes duvidosa. Marcadores moleculares RAPD e sequenciamento das regiões ITS1 e ITS2 (internal transcribed spacer) e o gene 5.8S rDNA foram utilizados para estimar a variabilidade genética existente entre quatro formae speciales de Fusarium oxysporum (F. o. cubense, F. o. lycopersici, F. o. phaseoli and F. o. vasinfectum) e entre 2 raças de F. o. lycopersici. A variabilidade genética em nível de DNA genômico utilizando-se marcadores moleculares RAPD foi de até 50% entre as formae speciales e, entre as raças 1 e 2 de F. o. lycopersici foi de 7%. Houve similaridade maior que 97,2% entre as diferentes formae speciales e raças fisiológicas de F. o lycopersici na regiões correspondentes a ITS1 e ITS2, enquanto que o gene 5.8S rDNA apresentou 100% de homologia entre os isolados

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